Objective To design leaf patterns for Multileaf Collimator(MLC)routine quality assurance(OA)with a 2D diode array.Methods According to the detector distribution characteristic of the 2D diode array and basillg on the"picket fence"pattern,design the"stepwise"pattern.For each diode involving MLC QA,a calibration curve of relative output versus leaf positioning error was measured through delivering a set of patterns with different intentionally introduced positioning errors.When this proposed technique was delivered,the referenced patterns were exposed,and the calibration curves were used as a mean to quantitative determination of the leaf possible positioning errors through the detector readings.Results Compared with the"picket fence"pattern,the"stepwise"pattern not only had a high detecting efficiency,but also increased the dosimetric sensidvity to leaf positioning error.A 1 mm Ieaf positioni.error corresponds to a dose variation of 25% for the"stepwise"pattern,while for the"picket fence"pattern the same positioning error just causes a 17% dose vailation.Conclusions The new"stepwise"pattern is more efficient to be carried out,and more sensitive to sub-millimeter changes of leaf positioning.

The clinical data of 118 patients with bacterial liver abscess admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2007 to December 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Etiology study showed that 45.8％(54/118) cases of bacterial liver abscess were cryptogenic,40.7％ (48/118) were biliary source and 13.5％ (16/118) were hematogenous.The positive rate of pus culture was 57.1％ (36/63),among which klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 72.2％ (26/36).The positive rate of blood culture was 31.2％(20/64) and klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 95％ (19/20).One hundred and sixteen patients (98.3％) underwent color ultrasound examination with an accuracy rate of 93.2％.84 patients (71.2％)underwent the CT scan with an accuracy rate of 95.3％ and 20 patients underwent MRI with an accuracy rate of 85％.Seventy five patients (63.6％)accepted ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration and catheter drainage combined with antibiotic therapy; 40 patients(33.9％)were treated with antibiotics alone.On the discharge 27 patients(22.9％) achieved clinical cure,87 patients (73.7％) were classified as effective,4 patients (3.4％) had no effect and no death in this group of patients.The average length of hospital stay was 16 days.Cryptogenic was the most common cause of bacterial liver abscess,biliary source took the second place.Kleibsiella pneumoniae was the predominant organism.Detailed medical history inquiry,physical examination and assistant examination may increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis.Needle biopsy should be performed if necessary.Ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration and catheter drainage combined with antibiotics should be the first-line treatment.

Total 118 patients with pyogenic liver abscess admitted to Zhongshan Hospital were classified into pypgenic liver abscesses of cryptogenic origin (PLAC,n =54),pyogenic liver abscesses of biliary origin (PLAB,n =48) and pyogenic liver abscesses of hemagenous origin (PLAH,n =16)according to the causes.The clinical features of three groups were compared and analyzed.The results showed that no statistically significant difference existed among three groups in clinical manifestation and signs.Compared to PLAB,the abscesses in right lobe of liver were more common in PLAC,diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in PLAC,but the co-existing diseases including chronic liver disease,non biliary malignant tumor and ALP elevation were less in PLAC.Klebsiella pneumoniae was frequently detected in PLAC,but there was no significant difference comparing to other two groups.No significant difference was found among three groups in the choice of therapeutic methods,the course of antibiotics,length of hospital stay and the days from admission to diagnosis.

Objective To execute quality control of OLYMPUS-PK7300 automated blood grouping analyzer to enhance the quality and efficiency in blood grouping.Methods Measures were proposed from the aspects of specimen quality,reagent quality,instrument maintenance,test parameters setup,internal quality control and external quality assessment,personnel and etc.Results Quality control was carried out at each link of the test by automated blood grouping analyzer to facilitate blood-related clinical operation.Conclusion Whole-course quality control of the analyzer has to be performed to improve blood grouping.

OBJECTIVE:To study the quality standard of root of Urtica dioica and investigate the sample’s content in different harvest periods. METHODS:TLC was conducted to identify the scopoletin in the root of U. dioica with the developing agent of hexane-dichloromethane- ethyl acetate- formic acid (6∶10∶7∶1.2,V/V/V/V);alcohol-hot dipping was used to determine the con-tent;and the root of U. dioica in different harvest periods were comparatively researched. RESULTS:The lactone thin-layer chro-matogram feature was obvious,alcohol-hot dipping showed the contents of root of u. dioica was relatively high(RSD≤1%),the ex-tract content of root of U. dioica was the highest from late fall to early spring,and the stage was suitable excavation period. CON-CLUSIONS:The established quality standard can be used for accurately qualitative and quantitative,and studying different harvest periods is conducive to effectively control the quality of root of U. dioica.

Aim To develop a convenient and effective method to isolate and culture primary rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). Methods The thoracic aortas were removed by dissection under sterile conditions. Aortas were turned over to expose the luminal surface, and the surfaces were digested with different concentrations of collagenase typeⅠ, incubated at 37℃ for different times, then, cut into pieces and placed luminal side down onto collagen-coated flask with growth medium. Results RAECs could emigrate from explants digested 1h by collagenase typeⅠ(2.0 g?L-1) for 24 h and cells would passage for another 4~5 days. Reached confluency within 3~4 d after subculturing. RAECs were identified by immunoreactivity with Factor-Ⅷ and by the endothelial cell-specific, cobblestone-like morphology. Conclusion It is an effective method to culture primary RAECs from explants digested for 1h by collagenase type Ⅰ(2.0 g?L-1),that can shorten primary culture time.

Aim To develop a convenient and effective method to isolate and culture primary rabbit aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).Methods The thoracic aortas were removed by dissection under sterile conditions.Aortic smooth muscle cells were excised and cleaned of fat and connective tissue,and the isolated vessel media was cut into 1 mm3 pieces.The explants were digested with different concentrations of collagenase typeⅠ,and incubated at 37℃ for different time,then undispersed explants were placed onto a sterile 100-mm plastic tissue culture dish with growth medium.Results VSMCs could emigrate from the explants digested 6 h by collagenase typeⅠ(1.5 g?L-1)for 24 hours,the cells would passage for another 4~5 days.Confluency could be reached within 3~4 days after subculturing.VSMCs were identified by immunoreactivity with ?-actin and by the smooth muscle cell-specific,hills and valley-like morphology.Conclusion It was an effective method to culture primary VSMCs from the explants digested for 6h by collagenase type Ⅰ(1.5 g?L-1),which could shorten primary culture time.

16?Gy) of STRS seems to reduce the incidence of rebleeding after radiosurgery. However,there is no histopathologic evidence of vascular obliteration in the resected CCA specimens after radiosurgery. The benefits and risks must be carefully balanced before the use of radiosurgery for cerebral cavernous hemangioma.

Animals ; Dementia, Vascular ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nootropic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrrolidinones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; pathology ; surgery ; Cervix Uteri ; pathology ; surgery ; Conization ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm, Residual ; pathology ; surgery ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery