Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of fractures caused by earthquake to elevate the quality of prevention and treatment and reduce the mortality and disability rate.Methods A retrospectire study was performed on the data of 1 262 patients with fractures caused by earthquake from May 12,2008 to Aug 31,2008.The following data was statistically analyzed:cause of injury,injured part,associated injuries and treatment.Resultsof the 1 262 cases,11 resulted in deaths;bruise and crush trauma was the major cause (93.98%)of casualties;fractures oflimbs were the main types(55.7%)of fracture;operation was the major treatment.Concluslon Correct treatment is important for fractures caused by earthquake to reduce mortality and disability rate.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the changes in CIE L*, a*, and b* at cervical, body, and incisal sites after tooth bleaching by using a spectrophotometer.

METHODSSixty-seven intact and healthy maxillary central incisors were in-vestigated. These incisors were darker than A3 according to the Vita Classical shade guide. The CIE tooth shade parameters L*, a*, and b* were simultaneously recorded at three tooth areas (cervical, body, and incisal) with a spectrophotometer before and after tooth bleaching (35%H2O2 coordinating with Beyond whitening accelerator irradiating). The shade dif-ferential (DeltaE) was calculated. ANOVA, paired t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.

RESULTSThe efficacy rates of tooth bleaching were satisfactory, with 86.6%, 86.6%, and 85.1% in the cervical, body, and incisal sites, respectively. The average values of DeltaE were 5.09, 4.44, and 4.40 in the cervical, body, and incisal sites. Tooth bleaching significantly increased L* and significantly decreased a* and b* in all tooth areas (P < 0.01). The decreasing range of Deltab* was more than the increasing range of DeltaL* at the cervical site; opposite results were observed at the incisal site. A positive correlation was detected between baseline b* and DeltaE.

CONCLUSIONThe spectrophotometer could objectively evaluate the whitening effect of tooth bleaching at the different tooth sites. The tooth bleaching system (35%H202 coordinating with Beyond whitening accelerator irradiating) exerts powerful bleaching actions in most of the tooth areas investigated. The order of tooth bleaching effectiveness is cervicalbody>incisal. Yellow coloration is decreased mainly at the cervical site, and brightness was increased mostly at theincisal site. The effectiveness of tooth bleaching increases as the baseline b* value increases.

The DNA copy-number variant (CNV) is a kind of segments of DNA ranging from 1 kb to 3 Mb that is present in a variable number of copies.CNVs widely distribute across the human genome,and dramatically increases genetic diversity.In recent years,researches have found that most CNVs are closely related to complex diseases.If a cancer gene is directly encompassed or overlapped by a CNV,it may lead to activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes,and finally results in tumorigenesis.CNVs can affect gene expression,phenotype differences and phenotypic adaptations by changing gene dosages and gene activities,and then sequentially lead to tumor or any other genetic dieases.Investigating CNVs is apparently helpful for studing chromosome recombination,genomic evolution,gene expression and the pathogenesis of multiple complex diseases especially tumor.

Corresponding author:PAN Cong-qing,E-mail:cq.pan@163.com Objective The prevalence of diabetic foot was 2.3% for out-patients and 8.6% (208/2428) for in-patients with amputation rate of 17.3% in our hospital from May 1997 to Dec 2000, more often seen on right than left extremity and in patients over 50 years old than in the younger.

Objective We aim to investigate the association between peptidylarginine deiminase type 4 (PADl4) and colorectal cancer by genotyping threetag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNP) genetic maker, to explore the role of polymorphism of PAD14 gene in development of colorectal cancer. Methods A case-control study was conducted using TaqMan-PCR methods to analyze the genotypes of three TagSNPs such as rs1886302, rs2477131 and rs1635561 for 515 patients with colorectal cancer and 549 health controls. Results There is significantly different in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of rs1886302 between cases and controls (P=0.039 and 0.040,respectively). The OR value of A allele and AA genotype is 0.796 and 0.731,respectively,and A allele may reduce the probability of incidence of colorectal cancer. No association Was found among SNPs of rs2477131 and rs1635561 within intronl and intron 15 in terms of coloretal cancer. Conclusion Rs1886302 on PADI4 might be a susceptible SNP to coloretal cancer.

Serial sections of the tongues of rabbits, albino rats, pigs, dogs, frogs, toads andhuman beings have been made to study the motor nerve endings by the silver imprega-tion method of Cajal Faworsky. The end-plates of the muscle of their tongues has its own specific characteristic, thefunctional significance of these motor nerve endings of the muscle of tongues has beendiscussed. In our investigation we have found out three kinds of unusual motor nerve endings:(1) A single motor end plate, located at two adjacent muscle fibers, has a small branchwhich runs to another muscle. (2) An accessory ending, formed by different startingpoints of nerve fiber, has been found in dogs. (3) Triple motor inervation of individualmuscle fiber of the tongues is to be found in human beings.

Objective To observe the expression of mitochondrial encoding cytochrome oxidase subunitⅠ(COXⅠ) and subunitⅡ(COXⅡ) in type Ⅱalveolar epithelial cell(AEC Ⅱ) of rats exposed to hyperoxia and explore the role of COXⅠand COXⅡ in hyperoxia-induced lung injury.Methods AECⅡ were gained by primary culture from 19-days fetal rats lung.After purified,AECⅡ were randomly assigned to hyperoxia group and air group.Hyperoxia group was flushed the flake with 950 mL/L O2 and 50 mL/L CO2 at 3 L/min for 10 min,then sealed.Both groups were in CO2 culture chamber(37 ℃,50 mL/L CO2).After 6,12 and 24 hours of exposure,AECⅡ were harvested and extracted for total RNA.COXⅠand COXⅡ mRNA were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The results were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 softwore.Results Compared with air group,COXⅠmRNA expression in hyperoxia group increased significantly at 6 hours(t=3.832 P=0.019) and 12 hours(t=10.431 P=0),respectively,then decreased to the equivalent level in 24 hours(t=0.360 P=0.731).Compared with air group,COXⅡmRNA expression in hyperoxia group increased significantly at 6 hours(t=2.795 P=0.035),then decreased to the equivalent level at 12 hours(t=0.892 P=0.40) and 24 hours(t=2.018 P=0.071).Conclusions Exposure of hyperoxia up-regulate the expressions of COXⅠmRNA and COXⅡmRNA in AECⅡ,which may be a protective mechanism of hyperoxia-induced lung injury.

30 ?g/min were found to have retinopathy, but those with slightly increased UAE (15-30 ?g/min) showed a lower incidence of retinopathy similar to that of non-albuminuric diabetics. It indicates that UAE with 30 ?g/min may signal an imperative stage in preventing micro-vascular complications in diabetes.

In the present study, we observed the effects of cholinergic enhancement by pyridostigmine (PD), a cholinesterases inhibitor, on GH release in both normal (n = 13) and GH deficient children and adolescents (n = 8). Responses of GH to insulin hypoglycemia were also observed. In the normal subjects, PD-induced serum GH peak levels were significantly higher than that induced by insulin (P

Objective To discuss the safety of percutaneous puncture drainage for liver abscess in patients with blood coagulation dysfunction. Methods A total of 85 patients with liver abscess, who were admitted to authors’ hospital during the period from January 2013 to January 2014 to receive ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture drainage, were included in this study. According to the international normalized ratio of prothrombin time≥1.5 and platelet count≤50 ×109/L, the patients were divided into group A (normal coagulation group,n=67) and group B (coagulation dysfunction group,n=18). The occurrence of postoperative complications was recorded and the results were compared between the two groups. Results In both groups, no statistically significant difference in hemoglobin level existed between preoperative level and postoperative one, and no bleeding complications occurred in all patients after the procedure. Conclusion For patients with liver abscess complicated by blood coagulation dysfunction, percutaneous puncture drainage treatment is safe and reliable.