Two new species of endophytic fungi were encountered during a diversity study of healthy tissues of chili pepper plants in Korea. The species were identified as Paecilomyces inflatus and Bionectria ochroleuca based on molecular and morphological analyses. Morphological descriptions of these endophytic isolates matched well with their molecular analysis. In the present study, detailed descriptions of internal transcribed spacer regions and morphological observations of these two fungi are presented.
Capsicum ; Fungi ; Korea ; Paecilomyces

The present study was carried out to explore the Cordyceps species and other entomopathogenic fungal flora around Kathmandu Valley and a few high altitude locations of Nepal. In this paper, we report eight Cordyceps species as new to Nepal: C. gracilis, C. ishikariensis, C. liangshanensis, C. martialis, C. militaris, C. pruinosa, C. sphecocephala and C. tricentri. We also mention a few allied genera such as Beauveria, Hirsutella and Paecilomyces from Nepal. Further collections from different ecological regions of Nepal will show the richness of entomopathogenic fungal floral diversity of Nepal.
Altitude ; Beauveria ; Cordyceps* ; Nepal* ; Paecilomyces

Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinens) in culture farms using an artificial warming system in Zhejiang, China, often show typical signs of white-spot disease such as white spots on their bodies, skin lesions, anorexia and eventually death. The sick turtles were mostly 5~80 g in weight. A suspected fungal pathogen was isolated from the sick turtles and verified as Paecilomyces lilacinus by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of its ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Detailed morphological examinations were also conducted to confirm the white-spot disease.
Animals ; Paecilomyces ; isolation & purification ; Turtles ; microbiology

The levels of ergothioneine (ERG), which have been shown to act as an excellent antioxidant, were determined in both fruiting bodies and mycelia of various mushroom species. We found that ERG accumulated at different levels in fruiting bodies of mushrooms and showed up to a 92.3-fold difference between mushrooms. We also found that ERG accumulated at higher levels in mycelia than in fruiting bodies of economically important mushroom species such as Ganoderma neo-japonicum, G. applanatum and Paecilomyces tenuipes. The addition of 2 mM methionine (Met) to mycelial culture medium increased the ERG contents in most mushroom species tested, indicating that Met is a good additive to enhance the ERG levels in a variety of mushroom species. Taking these results into consideration, we suggest that the addition of Met to the mycelial culture medium is an efficient way to enhance the antioxidant properties in economically important mushroom species.
Agaricales ; Ergothioneine ; Fruit ; Ganoderma ; Methionine ; Paecilomyces

While studying Bombyx mori "Zipnuae" inoculated with an entomopathogenic fungus, Paecilomyces tenuipes, a mycoparasitic hymenoascomycete with a long neck was isolated from the silkworm rearing room. The fungus was identified as Syspastospora parasitica which has been recognized as a hyperparasite on various moniliaceous hyphomycetes. A descriptive illustration is presented in this study.
Ascomycota* ; Bombyx* ; Fungi* ; Mitosporic Fungi ; Neck ; Paecilomyces*

Fungal corneal ulcer is well known longstanding and troublesome disorder in eye clinic. Paecilomyces, a well known saprophytic fungi, is rarely pathogenic in normal humal being. Authors experienced a case of corneal ulcer caused by Paecilomyces in diabetic patient wearing soft contact lens, that was proved by Gram stain and Sabouraud agar culture. We report this as the first case of corneal ulcer caused by Paecilomyces in Korea.
Agar ; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic* ; Corneal Ulcer* ; Fungi ; Humans ; Korea ; Paecilomyces*

The paper dealt with the characterization of polysaccharide of Paecilomyces lilacinus NH-PL-03 strain. First, we extracted and purified exude polysaccharide from the fungal fermentation broth by ethanol depositing method. Second, the proteins were removed by the Sevage method from the crude polysaccharide. Third, the purified polysaccharide (EP-1) was obtained after Superdex G-75 column separation. The results of UV-spectrometer and Sephacryl S-200 HR chromatography experiments showed that the EP-1 was a homogeneous pure polysaccharide with molecular weight of 35.2 kDa. Tested by paper chromatography analysis using the complete hydrolysis by sulfuric acid, we found that the EP-1 comprise single component as glucose. The chemical structure of EP-1 was confirmed as a kind of linear glucan linked by beta-(1,3) linkage. The Congo red reaction performed that EP-1 probable presented a triple-helical conformation in the dilute alkali.
Molecular Structure ; Paecilomyces ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

The concentration of 5 nucleosides, uracil, uridine, guanidine, adenine and adenosine in culture of Paecilomyces hepialid was determined by the developed method of HPLC. The HPLC method was performed on a Waters SunFire C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column with methanol-water gradient elution as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 260 nm and the colunmn temperature was controlled at 30 °C. The linear range was 10.00-200.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9994) for uracil, 10.10-202.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9992) for uridine, 10.00-200.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9991) for guanidine, 10.30-206.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9992) for adenine and 10.45-209.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9991) for adenosine, respectively. The RSD of precision was 0.032%, 0.035%, 0.039%, 0.049%, 0.00080%, respectively. The average recoveries of uracil, guanidine, adenine, and adenosine were 97.34%, 99.10%, 101.6%, 98.61% and 100.2% with RSD of 1.3%, 2.1%, 0.96%, 0.95%, and 1.3% respectively. The method showed high sensitivity, good selectivity, linearity and repeatability, which was suitable for the content analysis of 5 nucleosides components in P. hepialid and its extracts.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Nucleosides ; analysis ; Paecilomyces ; chemistry

Paecilomyces (P.) lilacinus is a saprophytic filamentous fungus, mostly found in soil and very rarely pathogenic to humans. Although it has been reported to cause endophthalmitis, endocarditis and pulmonary infection, localized skin infection due to P. lilacinus has been rarely reported. We report a case of localized skin infection by P. lilacinus in an 83-year-old man. The lesion was manifested by a 7.0x5.0 cm-sized erythematous plaque on the left wrist. The fungal culture from the biopsy specimen on Sabouraud's dextrose agar showed velvety whitish pink colonies of P. lilacinus. The patient was treated with 200 mg of itraconazole daily for 3 months. The skin lesion was completely cured and recurrence has not been observed to date.
Agar ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Endocarditis ; Endophthalmitis ; Fungi ; Glucose ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Paecilomyces* ; Recurrence ; Skin* ; Soil ; Wrist

The main aim of this study was to transform the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (egfp) into biocontrol fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus strain 9410. We constructed the expression vector pUPNGT of the fusion gene nptII-egfp using pcDNA3.1(-) as a helper plasmid. The egfp gene was then transformed into P. lilacinus strain 9410 via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. PCR and Southern blotting analysis showed that the egfp gene was integrated into the genomes of the tested transformants and the integration manner was single-copy. The transformants could generate green fluorescence when they were excited by 488 nm blue laser. These results indicated that the egfp gene had been successfully transformed into P. lilacinus 9410 and expressed in the tested transformants. Our work may provide a new approach to assess environmental safety and practical biocontrol efficacy ofP. lilacinus under different conditions.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Paecilomyces ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Transformation, Genetic