No abstract available.
Lipoma* ; Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Hepatocytes*

Periodic examination of patients after potentially curative treatment for breast cancer is routine practice. The objectives of such follow up are 1) surveillance for cancer recurrence 2) monitoring for toxicities related to therapy 3) maximizing overall health and quality of life for cancer survivors. However, recent literatures suggest that routine intensive follow up studies for asymptomatic breast cancer patients after primary treatments, showed no survival benefit. Also, there is controversy between aggressive and minimal policy for breast cancer patients follow up after primary treatment still exist. We administrated a mailed survey to The Korea Breast Cancer Society (KBSC) members (N=136,1996) to study the methods of preoperative evaluation and post-treatment follow up, as practicing in Korea and determine whether an accepted standard exists, or whether difference in practice occurred, base on physicians factors (years of physician experience, age of physician, number of breast cancer treated annually, practice type). The survey response yield was 45.59% (62/136), and mean age of the respondent was 43.7 years (range 33-67). There was roughly equal distribution of respondents by region (capital/noncapital area:27/31), and practice type (university hospital/general hospital: 37/21). The average practice in breast disease treatment of respondents (most of them were surgeon: N=57) was 8 years, and breast-conserving rate of respondents in 1996 was 210.2%. The considerable factors in follow up practice were 1) stage, 2) symptoms, 3) age, 4) operation methods, 5) demand of patient, 6) education level of patient in orders. Most frequently used tests for intial work up and base line follow up study for breast cancer patient were history, physical examination, mammography, breast US, chest X-ray, bone scan, FNA, open biopsy, CBC/ ESR, SMA, CEA, CA15-3 respectively. In this study, we proposed the model of breast cancer follow up which is practicing among the KBCS members and also we concluded as follows 1) This follow up model is more aggressive than other foreign cancer center follow up protocol 2) The KBCS members survey for non-breast cancer second malignancy less frequently than others 3) It seems to need concensus conference for Korea guideline model of breast cancer follow up.
Biopsy ; Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mammography ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Physical Examination ; Postal Service ; Quality of Life ; Recurrence ; Survivors ; Thorax

Lobular carcinoma of the male breast is very rare, because of the absence of lobules in the normal male breast. Herein, a case of lobular carcinoma of the male breast with cellular features of signet ring cells is described. A 57-year-old man presented with a left breast mass. Histologic examination showed classic invasive lobular carcinoma with in situ component. Most infiltrating tumor cells had a prominent signet ring cell appearance. The patient was phenotypically male and had fathered children. There was no history of predisposing factors to breast lesion, such as hormone use or gynecomastia.
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Lobular* ; Causality ; Child ; Fathers ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Male* ; Middle Aged

Lobular carcinoma of the male breast is very rare, because of the absence of lobules in the normal male breast. Herein, a case of lobular carcinoma of the male breast with cellular features of signet ring cells is described. A 57-year-old man presented with a left breast mass. Histologic examination showed classic invasive lobular carcinoma with in situ component. Most infiltrating tumor cells had a prominent signet ring cell appearance. The patient was phenotypically male and had fathered children. There was no history of predisposing factors to breast lesion, such as hormone use or gynecomastia.
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Lobular* ; Causality ; Child ; Fathers ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Male* ; Middle Aged

Parathyroid hyperplasia is a pathologic finding that can be found in hyperparathyroidism. Unlike parathyroid adenoma, treatment of parathyroid hyperplasia is still quite controversial. In addition, the relative merits of two alternative surgical approaches-subtotal parathyroidectomy versus total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation have not been clearyly elucidated. The records of 10 patients who had parathyroid hyperplaisa and who underwent parathyroid surgery at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between April 1992 and April 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. The 10 patients were comprised of 3 males and 7 females. The age distribution was between 29 and 73 years. The presenting clinical manifestations were associated with bone pain in 8 patients, muscle weakness in 4, headache in 4, gastrointestinal symptoms in 3, renal symptoms in 3 and psychologic symptoms in 2. The serum parathyroid hormone level was elevated in all patients. The serum alkaline phosphatase level was elevated in seven among the ten patients. Histopathologic findings revealed chief cell hyperplasia in all patients. Postoperative transient hypocalcemia occurred in 5 patients and they were supplied with oral calcium and calcitriol for several months. There were no major complications. The results indicate that a subtotal parathyroidectomy can be performed without mortality or morbidity and provides good control of primary parathyroid hyperplasia, A total prathyroidectomy with autotransplantation can be performed without mortality or morbidity and provides good contril of secondary and tertiary parathyroid hyperplaisa.
Age Distribution ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Autografts ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Hyperplasia* ; Hypocalcemia ; Male ; Mortality ; Muscle Weakness ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroid Neoplasms ; Parathyroidectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous

PURPOSE: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and frozen section biopsy (FS) have been used for the purpose of distinguishing benign lesions from malignancies and for deciding the operative procedures to be used in the management of the thyroid nodules. We performed this study the diagnostic value of the FNA, the need for the FS in intraoperative procedures, and to determine their values in deciding the extent of surgery. METHODS: The medical records of 365 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for thyroid nodules at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Jan. 1996 and Dec. 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. FNA and FS were performed on all patients who underwent thyroid surgery during this period. Among them, 35 patients who were diagnosed as insufficient for diagnosis by FNA were excluded. RESULTS: Definitive histopathological diagnosis revealed benign lesions in 232 patients and malignancies in 98. A borderline group consisted of patients whose specimen were interpreted as follicular neoplasms by FNA and FS. Overall results for FNA and FS were: sensitivity, 98 versus 100; specificity, 97 versus 99; diagnostic accuracy, 97 versus 99%. Five patients who were diagnosed with benign lesions by FNA were rediagnosed by FS as having malignant lesions. The tinal diagnosis was a papillary carcinoma. Of the 45 patients who were interpreted borderline by FNA, 7 patients had benign lesions, and 38 were borderline by FS. Finally, 34 patients were diagnosed as having benign lesions and 11 as having malignancies. CONCLUSION: FNA has a high diagnostic accuracy for differentiatve diagnosis in the thyroid nodules. FS may be unnecessary for patients whose FNA results indicate malignancy especially papillary carcinoma, so routine use of FS for patients who were diagnosed as having a papillary carcinoma by FNA may be omitted. If FNA results are borderline, FS may be helpful to confirm a follicular neoplasm. If FNA indicates benign, FS seems to be necessary to decide the extent of surgery.
Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Diagnosis ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

Evaluation of thyroid and parathyroid gland scan be performed using imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Each technique has advantages and disadvantages. However, ultrasonography is generally the first choice for diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, and postoperative follow up examination of thyroid and parathyroid diseases. Producing precise ultrasonography results requires knowledge of ultrasound operation and basic anatomy, as well as skills for correct interpretation of normal or abnormal ultrasound images. This article reviews the physics and technology of ultrasound imaging in its clinical application, especially in field of thyroid and parathyroid diseases.
Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Parathyroid Diseases ; Parathyroid Glands ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Liver Regeneration* ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Rats*