Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is an important socio-economic, public and mental health problem. An estimated 804000 suicide deaths occurred worldwide in 2012, representing an annual global suicide rate of 11.4 per 100000 populations (15.0 for malesand 8.0 for females). Gender is more significant variable for suicide study and many scientists noticed gender specific issues in suicide studies. Our goal was to identify the gender specific issues in suicide.This study is based on records provided by the local Health Centers of 21 provinces, particularly psychiatric-addiction care units; all local prosecution offices rural areas and 8 central organizations, which are registered suicide cases. We conducted the study by descriptive andretrospective design.Total of 6537 cases were registered at national level and 75.4% of the total cases were male. A sex ratio of male and female was 3:1. As noted, reported suicide cases were noticeably higher amongst males than females, this was most prominent in the 18-39 years age group. Most caseswere committed themselves by strangling and no difference for both sexes.The gender specific issues in suicide study are more significant variables.

Seasonality in suicide is one of those topics in epidemiology that we believe to know much about but understand fairly little in actuality. Since the 19th century many scholars have reported uniformly higher suicide frequencies in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. There had been very few studies on seasonality of Mongolian suicide. In this research, we wanted tofind the seasonal pattern and the relationship between behavioral characteristic and seasonal variation of suicide.This study is based on records provided by the local Health Centers of 21 provinces, particularly psychiatric-addiction care units; all local prosecution offices rural areasand 8 central organizations, which are registered suicide cases. We conducted the study by descriptive and retrospective design. Seasonal spring and early summer peak of suicide emerged in total suicide population. All concerned suicidecases were much more registered in spring time, and fatalsuicidalbehaviorcases registered fewer in autumn. National average percentage of fatal and non-fatalsuicidal behaviorcases was approximately in either seasons, but much more registered in spring time (x2=2.81; p≤0.000). Also most of fatal suicidal behavior cases were notedduring less human alertness hours in work days (x2=19.732a; p≤0.020).Seasonal variations of fatal suicidal behavioral haracteristic might play very important roles in suicide study.

Introduction Violence is defi ned by the WHO as “the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation”. Violence can be divided into many types such as physical, psychological, sexual, neglect and economical etc. Violence against women and child is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women or child due to patriarchy in many countries of the world. Child maltreatment or violence is one of common public health problems in worldwide and psychologically harm in child’s later life. Objective To detect types, percent and some infl uencing factors of violence against child and adolescent among cases, which were involving into forensic psychiatric evaluation procedures. Materials and Methods We are analyzed all archive documents of NCMH, 2000-2014 by retrospective methodology on based ethical approval of NCMH administration (by ordering 2/189 Oct 28, 2015). Results Total 1067 cases of violence against child and adolescent were registered in 2000-2014 years and 84.7 percent of those (n=904) were sexual violence cases. Gender difference was defi ning among sexual violence cases (girls n=885, p<0.000; boys n=19, p<0.000) with statistically signifi cant. Sexual offender can be act his violence in drunken (OR=2.355; p<0.000; CI 95%; 1.601-3.463) or negative relationship between family members (OR=3.723; p<0.000; CI 95%-2.356-5.883) are more infl uenced to sexual violence against child and adolescent. Conclusion Sexual violence is more registered among child and adolescent maltreatment cases. Children and adolescents are more affected into sexual violence likely to have a negative relationship between the family members or offenders have used alcohol.

Goal: To study eating attitude alternates among adolescents.Materials and Methods. This survey has been conducted among total 392 students aged 10- 19, have studying in general educational schools or private high school, located in Bayanzurh and Songinokhairkhan districts of Ulaanbaatar and sampling of school or classes have chose by random.Results: Total 392 teenagers at 10-19 aged were participated in our research survey. 149 (38%) of total participants were boys and 243 (62%) were girls. From total participants, 38 (9.7%) teenagers showed abnormal eating attitudes with high EAT 26 scores. 84.2% (n=32) of abnormal eating attitude subjects were girls and 15.8% (n=6) were boys (x2 =9.473, p≤0.009). Average BMI of subjects with high EAT 26 scores, was 17.8 and 50% (n=19) were underweight or 5.2% (n=2) had overweight. Correlation between BMI and disturbed eating attitudes was (x2 = 568.815, p≤0.000) defined.Conclusion: The level of abnormal eating attitudes among adolescents was indicated in 38 (9.7%) teenagers.

Each suicide is a personal tragedy that prematurely takes the life of an individual and has a continuingripple effect, dramatically affecting the lives of families, friends and communities.Suicidal behavior maybe seen in all agegroups, but its incidence among young peopleand adolescentshas increased in recentyears. Suicide was the second leading cause of death among 15-29 year olds, globally. WHO AdolescentHealth Report disclose that major depression leads teenage boys and girls aged 10-19 to disability, andtotal 1.2 million teenagers were died due to the three leading causes of adolescent’s death such as roadtraffic accidents, HIV, and suicidal behavior. In Mongolia, up to now, a comprehensive study for definingprevalence, incidence, causes and influencing factors of fatal and non-fatal suicide cases among teenagershas not yet been conducted. Media broadcast shows increase in fatal and non-fatal suicidal behavior latelyin Mongolia’s society which worries the public. According to study results Global School based StudentHealth Survey 2013, 23 % of total 5393 students aged 12-17 were seriously considered attempt suicidalbehavior; 9.6% were did attempt suicidal behavior in the past one year, girls attempts were more than boysas reported. Thus social mental health disturbance require comprehensive study to identifyfatal and nonfatalsuicidal behavior causes and pathways among adolescents. There’s necessity to plan care servicein the near future.

People with unexplained somatic complains are high-rate users of healthcare and often receive expensive, unnecessary tests and treatments.To study causes of unexplained somatic complains and some clinical symptoms.There were selected 25 consumers who diagnosed unexplained somatic complains according to ICD-X criteria in our study. In addition, qualitative research was used as semi-structure questionnaire for themMajority of study samples were living unpleasant environment in their family, conflicts of their parents relationship and substance abuse of parents. Most of the participants occurred change of sensation.This disorder is associated with negative family environment.

Stigmatization and discrimination against mental patients and their family members due to typical community misunderstanding about mental diseases are commonly occurred among population. Particularly, discrimination against alcoholic patients and stigmatization against theirfamily members are most common among Mongolian people, because prevalence of alcohol dependence problems is increased 2 times more in last decades. Our aim was to define current situation of stigmatization and discrimination against alcoholic patients. This survey has been conducted among total 90 inpatients with alcoholic problem, are have staying in National Center for Mental Health and Narcology Center. We conducted the study by descriptive and crossectional design.Totally 90 alcohol patients, aged 19-61 years were participated in our survey. 67 (74.4%) of them were male and 23(25.5%) were female and average age was 40.1±1.1. Level of job’s discriminationwas growingrelated to increasing the level of alcohol consumption (p<0.0016)and level of family’s stigma was growing related to increasing the level of alcohol dependence (p<0.0001). Most of patients (n=29), who are divorced from their couples were answering that main reason of their divorcing was alcohol problem and bad interfamily relationship.Furthermore, stigmatization and discrimination increasing due to increasing level of alcohol consumption (p<0.0001).Most of participants (60%; n=54) are answered, that stigma and discrimination against them were occurring from their family.

There is a little information about weight excess of school materials in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The aim of this study was to study of the weight of backback and the ergonomic effects of backpack carriage on school students in Ulaanbaatar. This cross-sectional study was performed in the city of Ulaanbaatar in 2015. Two hundred fourteen school students participated in study. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used, asking about complaints of neck, shoulders, upper and lower back. Length and weight of the children were determined. Backpacks were weighed and the relative weight of the backpack was calculated.In this study, first and second grades students carried proportionately heavier backpacks than older students and more than 10% of their weight. Musculoskeletal complaints were reported by about 79% of school students. The (relative) weight of backpacks was not related to complaints of neck, shoulders, upper and lower back.

Background: In Mongolia, the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and their intermediate risk factors has continuously increased in recent years. From results of early detection and prevalence studies of non-communicable diseases in Mongolia, studies linking intermediate risk factors to insulin resistance are scarce. Aim: To identify the prevalence of insulin resistance among the population and study its connection with intermediate risk factors of non-communicable diseases. Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the MNUMS Ethics Committee on February 23, 2024 (2024/3- 02), and was conducted based on the data of participants who took part in the “Population-based Preventive and Early Detection Screening of Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases” organized by the Mongolian government from 2022 to 2023. Insulin resistance was identified using the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), calculated by the formula Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. “Ln” refers to the natural logarithm, based on Euler’s number, approximately 2.71828. TyG levels were classified into low risk (<8.5), medium risk (8.5-9.0), and high risk (>9.0). Defined intermediate risk factors for non-communicable diseases according to stages of hypertension and diabetes. Results: The mean age of participants was 44.3±15.2 years, with 39.2% (n=49,270) male and 41.4% (n=49,749) residing in urban areas. Among the participants, 59.1% had overweight or obesity, 23.6% had diabetes or impaired fasting glucose, 61.4% had hypertension, and 19.7% had elevated triglycerides. Analyzing by levels of insulin resistance risk, 62.8% of the population had low risk, 22.5% medium risk, and 14.7% high risk. Comparing systolic blood pressure across levels of insulin resistance risk showed that even without central obesity or diabetes, as the level of insulin resistance increased, the level of systolic blood pressure also increased (low risk group: 117.0±11.7, medium risk group: 121.1±10.9, high risk group: 123.5±16.2 mmHg). Regression analysis of the risk of hypertension by insulin resistance risk level showed that the risk increased with higher levels of insulin resistance (medium risk group OR=1.35, p<0.0001; high risk group OR=1.63, p<0.0001). Conclusion 22.5% of the population is at medium risk and 14.7% at high risk of insulin resistance. The increase in hypertension risk with higher insulin resistance levels is statistically significant, independent of central obesity and diabetes stages.

Background: Obesity and metabolic disorders are significant contributors to hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). While body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference are known to be associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), the interplay between adiposity, glucose levels, triglycerides, and SBP is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the relationships between BMI, waist circumference, glucose, triglycerides, and SBP in a large population-based cohort. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on [insert total number] participants with complete data on BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, and triglycerides. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlations, mediation analysis, and multiple regression were used to explore the associations between variables. The moderation effect of glucose on the BMI-SBP relationship was examined using an interaction term in the regression model. Results: The mean age of the study population was 44.3 ± 15.2 years. The mean BMI was 26.7 ± 4.9 kg/m², and 22.7% of participants were classified as obese. Central obesity, measured by waist circumference, was prevalent in 55.9% of the population. BMI, waist circumference, glucose, and triglycerides were significantly associated with SBP (p < 0.0001). Mediation analysis showed that waist circumference partially mediated the effect of BMI on SBP. The interaction term for BMI and glucose was significant (β = 0.32, p < 0.05), indicating that glucose levels moderated the relationship between BMI and SBP, with higher glucose levels amplifying the hypertensive effect of BMI. Conclusion This study highlights the complex interplay between BMI, waist circumference, glucose, triglycerides, and SBP. Waist circumference partially mediates the effect of BMI on SBP, and glucose levels moderate this relationship, amplifying the impact of obesity on blood pressure.