Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and effectiveness of pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with bioceramic putty repairmen iRoot and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). METHODS: Pulpotomy was performed on mature permanent premolars and molars with carious exposures at the Department of General Dentistry of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, from November 2017 to September 2019. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, Group iRoot (n=22) and Group MTA (n=21). In Group iRoot, bioceramic putty repairmen iRoot was used as pulp capping agent, while in Group MTA, mineral trioxide aggregate was used as pulp capping agent. All the patients had signed informed consent forms. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by clinical examinations (temperature and electrical activity test) and imaging examinations 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Blinding was used for the patients and evaluators, but due to the obvious differences in the properties of the two pulp capping agents, the blinding method was not used for the treatment provider (the attending physician). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in gender, average age, dentition and tooth position distribution between the two groups (P>0.05). In the study, 7 cases were lost to follow-up 12 months after operation (4 cases in Group iRoot, and 3 cases in Group MTA). One case in each of the two groups had transient sensitivity at the end of the 3-month follow-up, and the pulp vitality was normal at the end of the 6-month follow-up. One case in Group iRoot showed sensitivity at the end of the 12-month follow-up. The success rates of the two groups at the end of 12-month follow-up were 100%, and the cure rates were 94.4% (Group iRoot) and 100% (Group MTA), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No cases in Group iRoot had obvious crown discoloration, while 3 cases in Group MTA had. CONCLUSION The clinical characteristics and effectiveness of pulpotomy in mature permanent teeth with bioceramic putty repairmen iRoot were similar with MTA. Bioceramic putty repairmen iRoot is an acceptable material when used in pulpotomy of mature permanent teeth. Because it is not easy to cause tooth discoloration after treatment and is convenient to operate, bioceramic putty repairmen iRoot has a better clinical application prospect.
Aluminum Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Calcium Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Pulpotomy ; Silicates/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome

Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

Aged ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of arsenic trioxide combined with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

METHODSA total of 159 cases of APL were selected from January 2011 to December 2014 in our hospital, among them 75 cases were treated by As₂O₃combined with ATRA, 43 cases were treated with As₂O₃alone, 41 cases were treated with ATRA alone. The cardiac enzymes level, lever function index change, death rate, complate remission (CR) rate, time of reaching CR and complicatiens were compared in 3 groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment of 8 courses, ALT and AST levels in As₂O₃+ ATRA group were significantly higher than those in As₂O₃and ATRA alone groups; the CK-MB and TnI-UI index increased in As₂O₃group (P < 0.05); as compared with As₂O₃group, the mortality and CR rate in As₂O₃+ ATRA group were no significant different, but the time of reaching CR was significantly shortened. For relapsed patients, the CR rate in As₂O₃+ ATRA group was no significantly different from that in As₂O₃group, while was significantly higher than that in ATRA group. The ratio of liver function damage in As₂O₃+ ATRA group was increased, moreover the incidence of leukocytosis and headache in ATRA group was significantly higher than that in As₂O₃+ ATRA and As₂O₃group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe efficacy of As₂O₃conbined with ATRA for inducing remission is better than that of single drug treatment, moreover the adverse reactions occur less.

Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction ; Tretinoin ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo summarize limitations involved in arsenic trioxide therapeutic effects in acute promyelocytic leukemia, because current studies show that some individuals of acute promyelocytic leukemia have relatively poor outcomes during treatment with arsenic trioxide.

DATA SOURCESMost relevant articles were included in the PubMed database between 2000 and 2013 with the keywords "acute promyelocytic leukemia," "arsenic trioxide," "thiol" or "methylation." In addition, a few older articles were also reviewed.

STUDY SELECTIONData and articles related to arsenic trioxide effect in acute promyelocytic leukemia treatment were selected and reviewed. We developed an overview of limitations associated with arsenic trioxide therapeutic effect.

RESULTSThis review focuses on the researches about the arsenic trioxide therapeutic effect in acute promyelocytic leukemia and summarizes three mainly limitations which can influence the arsenic trioxide therapeutic effect to different degrees. First, with the combination of arsenic and glutathione the therapeutic effect and cytotoxicity decrease when glutathione concentration increases; second, arsenic methylation, stable arsenic methylation products weaken the apoptosis effect of arsenic trioxide in leukemia cells; third, gene mutations affect the sensitivity of tumor cells to arsenic trioxide and increase the resistance of leukemia cells to arsenic trioxide.

CONCLUSIONSThe chief limitations are listed in the review. If we can exclude all of them, we can obtain a better therapeutic effect of arsenic trioxide in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Mutation ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

Chinese arsenic drugs have been applied in Chinese medicine for several centuries. Beginning from 1970s, arsenic containing drugs have been generally used for the treatment of malignant hematologic diseases including acute promyelocytic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and multiple myeloma. No matter what ingredients of arsenic drugs were applied, either arsenic trioxide, arsenic disulfide, or arsenic containing Chinese herbal compositions including Qinghuang Powder and Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula, they all provided the distinct approaches for the management of malignant hematologic diseases, and good clinical efficacy was obtained with mild adverse reactions. Moreover, the mechanisms of action have been continually elucidated.
Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

Arsenic trioxide has been used to treat lymphoma experimentally since it was used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia successfully. Massive works in this field have been done throughout the world. It was found that arsenic trioxide exerted an anti-lymphomatic effect via many pathways, and many substances could increase or reduce this effect. Arsenic trioxide can be used to treat relapsed and refractory lymphomas resistant to other chemotherapies with some therapeutic effects and limited side effects, which indicates that arsenic trioxide is a new potential drug for lymphoma. This article is an overview about these foundational and clinical studies.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the two-year outcomes of primary molars pulpotomy using mineral trioxided aggregate (MTA) and to find out the potential influence factor, with the help of electronic medical record database. METHODS: Children who received primary molars pulpotomy in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from May, 2014 to November, 2015 were searched in the Electronic Medical Record Database of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, via the database for scientific research provided by the corporation of Kaientai. The children who were healthy, no more than 8 years old and followed up over 1.5 years were selected as the subjects of this study. At the same time, those children who didn't have complete medical records and X-rays before and after treatment were removed. Basic information, the relevant medical records and radiographic records of those children were collected. All molars were examined clinically and radiographically, and classified into 1 of 5 outcomes: N, H, P0, PX, PY. Molars classified into P0, PX and PY were regarded as failed. Survival analysis was applied. The survival rate and survival time of the deciduous teeth were calculated.Multivariate analysis was performed by using Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: One hundred and fifteen children were finally included,aged from 2.6 to 8.2 years, with the mean age of (4.5±1.1) years. 211 primary molars were included, and the average follow up time was (880±154) days. A good level of agreement between the raters was found for molars with five outcomes(κ=0.913). Intrarater reliability was good for molars with five outcomes (κ=0.916). Forty-nine molars failed by September, 2017. Forty-three molars had abnormal radiographic manifestation. Six molars suffered premature loss. Only fourteen molars had an associated gingival swelling or parulis, or pathologic mobility upon clinical examination. The cumulative survival probability of half a year, one year, one year and a half, two years, two year and a half for the pulpotomy was 100%, 98.5%, 92.9%, 90.5%,73.8% through the Kaplan-Meier method, respectively. Through the analysis of Cox proportional hazard model, the survival probability was significantly higher when the age was younger. When sodium hypochlorite and the saline were used as the irrigation at the same time, the survival probability was not improved for those teeth with more bleeding in the operation compared with that used saline only. The teeth with preformed metal crown (PMC) gained longer median survival time than those restored with resin composite and others, but the difference was not significant, either. What's more, gender, the restoration time of PMC, the restoration of the opposite teeth were not found to be associated with the success of the treatment. CONCLUSION The cumulative survival probability of two years after the primary pulpotomy was 90.5%, complying the current instructions in our department. The survival probability of the molars after the treatment was significantly affected by the age.
Aluminum Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Calcium Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Child ; Drug Combinations ; Humans ; Molar ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Pulpotomy/methods* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retrospective Studies ; Silicates/therapeutic use* ; Tooth, Deciduous

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cardiac effect of QT interval prolongation in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)), and the relationship between QT and serum arsenic concentration.

METHODSBlood serum arsenic concentrations of thirty APL patients were determined at 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours after As(2)O(3) injection using atomic fluorophotometry. Cardiac functions were measured simultaneously using a 12-lead body-surface electrocardiogram (ECG). Q-T intervals were manually measured, and then corrected using Bazett's formula (QTc). QT dispersion (QTd) was also calculated. In order to assess the effects of arsenic on the symptoms of anemia, twenty-four anemia patients were divided into two groups on the basis hemoglobin concentration: Group 1 (Hb > or = 90 g/L), and Group 2 (60 g/L < or = Hb < 90 g/L). QTc and QTd of these patients were also manually measured.

RESULTSAll QT intervals of APL patients treated with As(2)O(3) injection were prolonged [32.2 ms (27, 41 ms); P < 0.05], but the changes of QTd were not prominent [3 ms (-8, 7 ms), P > 0.05]. There was a delay of 2 hours in maximum QTc following peaks in serum arsenic concentration. Changes in QTc and QTd of the two anemic groups were not prominent.

CONCLUSIONSAs(2)O(3) can prolong QTc intervals in APL patients, but the effects are delayed compared to peak serum arsenic concentrations. As(2)O(3) has no prolongation effect on QTd. Mild and moderate anemia do not effect QTc and QTd.

Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electrocardiography ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use