2.Association between copy number variations and risk of overweight/obesity among Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children.
Abidan AINIWAER ; Adalibieke ADALIBIEKE ; Bing-Xue HUANG ; Y E YEKEJIERGELI ; Ya-Lan DOU ; Jie WU ; Jiang-Hong DAI
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2018;20(4):308-313
OBJECTIVETo study the association between the prevalence of overweight/obesity and copy number variations (CNVs) among Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children in Xinjiang, China.
METHODSThe kindergartens in Ili, Altay, and Karamay in Xinjiang were selected as research sites, and stratified cluster sampling was used to select the children aged 3-7 years. Body height and body weight were measured, and exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were collected. CNVplex® was used to measure the CNVs of FTO_1, IRX3_1, IRX3_2, MC4R_1, and MC4R_2.
RESULTSA total of 603 children were surveyed (307 boys and 296 girls). There were 261 Han children, 194 Uyghur children, and 148 Kazak children. The overweight/obesity rates in Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children were 28.3%, 10.3%, and 31.1%, respectively (P<0.001). In Kazak children, the CNVs of IRX3_1 and MC4R_2 were associated with overweight/obesity (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of overweight/obesity in Han and Kazak children was 3.443 times (95%CI: 2.016-5.880) and 3.924 times (95%CI: 2.199-7.001), respectively, that in Uyghur children. The CNV of IRX3_1 was a risk factor for overweight/obesity (P=0.028, OR=2.251, 95%CI: 1.418-5.651).
CONCLUSIONSThe CNV of IRX3_1 is associated with overweight/obesity in Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children, and the association between the CNV of IRX3_1 and overweight/obesity in Kazak children should be taken seriously.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; ethnology ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Female ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Obesity ; etiology ; genetics ; Overweight ; etiology ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Transcription Factors ; genetics
3.Family history and risk of coronary heart disease.
J H SI ; R R MENG ; C Q YU ; Y GUO ; Z BIAN ; Y L TAN ; P PEI ; J S CHEN ; Z M CHEN ; J LYU ; L M LI
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2018;39(2):173-178
Objective: To evaluate the association of family history with risk of major coronary events (MCE) and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods: After excluding participants with heart disease, stroke or cancer at baseline survey, a total of 485 784 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank, who had no missing data on critical variables, were included in the analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the baseline characteristics. Results: During a median of 7.2 years of follow-up, we documented 3 934 incident cases of MCE and 24 537 cases of IHD. In multivariable-adjusted models, family history was significantly associated with risk of MCE and IHD. The adjusted HRs (95%CI) were 1.41 (1.19-1.65) and 1.25 (1.18-1.33), respectively. History of disease among siblings was more strongly associated with early-onset MCE than parental history (HR=2.97, 95%CI: 1.80-4.88). Moreover, the association of family history with MCE and IHD was stronger in persons who were overweight or obesive, and the association between family history and MEC was stronger in smokers. Conclusion: This large-scale, prospective study indicated that family history was an independent risk factor for MCE and IHD in China. The intervention targeting major known lifestyle risk factors and the management of chronic diseases should be strengthened for Chinese population, especially for the individuals with family history were at high risk.
Asian People/statistics & numerical data*
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China/epidemiology*
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Coronary Disease/genetics*
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Humans
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Incidence
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Myocardial Ischemia/genetics*
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Overweight/ethnology*
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Proportional Hazards Models
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Prospective Studies
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Risk Assessment
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Risk Factors
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Smoking/ethnology*
4.Early Life Factors Influencing the Risk of Obesity.
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition 2015;18(4):217-223
The obesity epidemic is a worldwide problem. Factors predisposing to obesity include genetics, race, socioeconomic conditions, birth by cesarean section, and perinatal antibiotic use. High protein (HP) content in infant formulas has been identified as a potential culprit predisposing to rapid weight gain in the first few months of life and leading to later obesity. In a large multicountry study the effects of lower protein (LP) formula (1.77 and 2.2 g protein/100 kcal, before and after the 5th month, respectively) were compared to those of higher protein (2.9 and 4.4 g protein/100 kcal, respectively). Results indicated that at 24 months, the weight-for-length z score of infants in the LP formula group was 0.20 (0.06, 0.34) lower than that of the HP group and was similar to that of the breastfed reference group. The authors concluded that a HP content of infant formula is associated with higher weight in the first 2 years of life but has no effect on length. LP intake in infancy might diminish the later risk of overweight and obesity. At 6 years of age HP children had a significantly higher body mass index (by 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.90; p=0.009) and a 2.43 (95% CI, 1.12-5.27; p=0.024) fold greater risk of becoming obese than those who received the LP. In conclusion, several factors may influence development of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Breastfeeding should always be encouraged. An overall reduction of protein intake in formula non breastfed infants seems to be an additional way to prevent obesity.
Body Mass Index
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Breast Feeding
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Cesarean Section
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Child
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Continental Population Groups
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Female
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Genetics
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Humans
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Infant
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Infant Formula
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Obesity*
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Overweight
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Parturition
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Pregnancy
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Weight Gain
5.Population-attributable risk estimates for breast cancer in Chinese females.
Xiao-feng HU ; Yong JIANG ; Chen-xu QU ; Jian-bing WANG ; Wan-qing CHEN ; Hui LI ; You-lin QIAO
Chinese Journal of Oncology 2013;35(10):796-800
OBJECTIVETo estimate the contribution of known identified risk factors to breast cancer incidence and mortality in China, and provide evidence to support the prevention and control of breast cancer for Chinese females.
METHODSWe calculated the proportion of breast cancer attributable to specific risk factors. Data on exposure prevalence were obtained from Meta-analyses and large-scale national surveys of representative samples of the Chinese population. Data on relative risks were obtained from Meta-analyses and large-scale prospective studies. Cancer mortality and incidence were taken from the Third National Death Survey and from cancer registries in China.
RESULTSThe first 5 risk factors of breast cancer in China were benign breast disease (RR = 2.62), family history of breast cancer (RR = 2.39), smoking (RR = 1.86), overweight (RR = 1.60) and age at menarche (RR = 1.54). The proportion of breast cancer deaths attributable to reproductive factors, lifestyle factors, benign breast disease, the use of external hormone and family history of breast cancer was 27.84%, 23.55%, 15.09%, 3.60% and 2.49%, respectively. The total population attributable fraction (PAF) was 55.95% for risk factors in our study. Overall, we estimated that 79 862 breast cancer cases and 22 456 deaths were attributed to the five risk factors in China in 2005.
CONCLUSIONSThe prevention and control of unhealthy lifestyle factors may significantly reduce the number and death of breast cancer in China.
Breast Diseases ; complications ; Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Menarche ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Overweight ; complications ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects
6.Identification of a genetic locus on chromosome 4q34-35 for type 2 diabetes with overweight.
Mi Hyun PARK ; Soo Heon KWAK ; Kwang Joong KIM ; Min Jin GO ; Hye Ja LEE ; Kyung Seon KIM ; Joo Yeon HWANG ; Kuchan KIMM ; Young Min CHO ; Hong Kyu LEE ; Kyong Soo PARK ; Jong Young LEE
Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2013;45(2):e7-
The incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly because of an increase in the incidence of being overweight and obesity. Identification of genetic determinants for complex diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, may provide insight into disease pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate the shared genetic factors that predispose individuals to being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes. We conducted genome-wide linkage analyses for type 2 diabetes in 386 affected individuals (269 sibpairs) from 171 Korean families and association analyses with single-nucleotide polymorphisms of candidate genes within linkage regions to identify genetic variants that predispose individuals to being overweight and developing type 2 diabetes. Through fine-mapping analysis of chromosome 4q34-35, we detected a locus potentially linked (nonparametric linkage 2.81, logarithm of odds 2.27, P=6 x 10-4) to type 2 diabetes in overweight or obese individuals (body mass index, BMI> or =23 kg m-2). Multiple regression analysis with type 2 diabetes-related phenotypes revealed a significant association (false discovery rate (FDR) P=0.006 for rs13144140; FDR P=0.002 for rs6830266) between GPM6A (rs13144140) and BMI and waist-hip ratio, and between NEIL3 (rs6830266) and insulin level from 1314 normal individuals. Our systematic search of genome-wide linkage and association studies, demonstrate that a linkage peak for type 2 diabetes on chromosome 4q34-35 contains two type 2 diabetes-related genes, GPM6A and NEIL3.
Body Mass Index
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Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/*genetics
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*complications/*genetics
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Female
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Genetic Linkage
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*Genetic Loci
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*Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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Genome-Wide Association Study
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Overweight/*complications/*genetics
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Phenotype
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Physical Chromosome Mapping
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Statistics, Nonparametric
7.The research of association between gene rs9930506 polymorphism and Hazakh children with overweight or obesity in Xinjiang.
Min LI ; Tao ZHANG ; Yang LIU ; Pei-Ru XU
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010;44(12):1106-1110
OBJECTIVETo study the association of fat mass and obesity associated gene rs9930506 polymorphism with overweight and obesity in the Hazakh Children.
METHODSPCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to determine rs9930506 polymorphism in 118 patients with overweight or obesity and 141 controls. Serum lipid level including total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma glucose levels, and plasma insulin were monitored by using enzymatic method (Hitachi automatic clinical analyzer) and radioimmunoassay kit respectively.
RESULTSThe genotype distributions of the control group and overweight or obesity group were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of AA, AG and GG were 0.458, 0.492 and 0.050 in the overweight or obesity group and 0.582, 0.397 and 0.021 in the controls respectively. There was no significant difference in frequencies of AA, AG and GG genotypes between control group and overweight or obesity group (χ(2) = 4.795, P = 0.091), but the frequency of GG + AG genotype in overweight or obesity group (0.542) was higher than that in the controls (0.418) giving significant difference (χ(2) = 3.957, P = 0.047). The frequencies of A allele were 0.703 in the overweight or obesity group and 0.780 in the controls respectively. There was significant difference in frequencies of A allele frequency between controls and overweight or obesity group (χ(2) = 3.986, P = 0.046). In the overweight or obesity group, the plasma glucose levels, BMI and hip circumference were (4.93 ± 0.52) mol/L, (79.70 ± 11.73) and (21.61 ± 2.72) cm in the persons with GG + AG genotype and (4.69 ± 0.56) mol/L, (75.28 ± 11.52) and (19.92 ± 1.98) cm in those of AA genotypes respectively. The plasma glucose levels, BMI and hip circumference of the persons with GG + AG genotype were higher than those of AA genotypes and the statistical significance was also observed (t = 2.430, P = 0.017; t = 2.053, P = 0.042; t = 3.891, P = 0.000).
CONCLUSIONThe present findings suggest that rs9930506 polymorphism on chromosome 16q12.2 may be associated with the development of overweight or obesity in the Hazakh Children, and the polymorphism may have some influence on serum glucose levels, BMI and hip circumference in this population.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Overweight ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
8.The impact of lipid-metabolizing genetic polymorphisms on body mass index and their interactions with soybean food intake: a study in a Chinese population.
Jin Wei WANG ; Xun TANG ; Na LI ; Yi Qun WU ; Shuai LI ; Jin LI ; Xue Ying QIN ; Zong Xin ZHANG ; Yong Hua HU ; Da Fang CHEN
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014;27(3):176-185
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association of known polymorphisms in the lipid metabolic pathway with body mass index (BMI), and estimate their interactions with soybean food intake.
METHODSA community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in a Chinese Han population. BMI, soybean food intake, and single nucleotide polymorphisms of rs599839, rs3846662, rs3846663, rs12916, rs174547, rs174570, rs4938303, and rs1558861 were measured in 944 subjects. A multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of the studied polymorphisms with BMIs. The expectation-maximization algorithm was employed to evaluate the extent of linkage disequilibrium between pairwise polymorphisms. The gene-environment interaction was assessed in the general multifactor dimensionality reduction model.
RESULTSThe polymorphisms of rs3846662 and rs3846663 were associated with 10% highest BMIs when comparing to the 10% lowest values both in individuals and haplotype-based association tests. Although no statistically significant gene-environment interactions were found, people with the haplotype composed of C allele in rs3846662 and T allele in rs3846663 and low frequency of soybean intake had significantly higher risk to overweight and obesity as compared with those with the haplotype consisting of T allele in rs3846662 and C allele in rs3846663 and highly frequent soybean food intake, with an odds ratio of 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.15-2.34, P<0.01) after adjusting for the common confounders.
CONCLUSIONOur study has suggested that rs3846662 and rs3846663 may be the potential candidate polymorphisms for obesity, and their effect on the pathogenesis could be mediated by the frequency of soybean food intake.
Adult ; Apolipoprotein B-48 ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Dyslipidemias ; genetics ; Eating ; Female ; Gene-Environment Interaction ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; genetics ; Lipid Metabolism ; genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Overweight ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics ; Soybeans
9.Metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese schoolchildren in Beijing.
Nai-jun WAN ; Jie MI ; Tian-you WANG ; Jia-li DUAN ; Ming LI ; Chun-xiu GONG ; Jun-bao DU ; Xiao-yuan ZHAO ; Hong CHENG ; Dong-qing HOU ; Li WANG
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2007;45(6):417-421
OBJECTIVETo determine the prevalence and clinical phenotype of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese schoolchildren in Beijing, and to compare the rates of diagnosis made according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) of the United States and International Diabetes Federation (IDF).
METHODSBased on Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome (BCAMS) study with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure measured, the overweight and obese children were screened among nearly 20 000 children 6-18 years of age in Beijing by Chinese BMI cutoffs for schoolchildren (7-18 years) and the US 2000 CDC Growth Charts--the 85th and 95th percentile (6 years) and were enrolled as the study population. Simultaneously a group of children with normal BMI were selected as the control group and based on the international method of age grouping, each of the above groups was divided further into 4 sub-groups in terms of age: 6-9, 10-12, 13-15 and 16-18 years old, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and insulin (FINS), serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were examined. HOMA-IR index was calculated for estimating individual insulin resistance. A child who met any three or more of the following five criteria, according to NCEP definition, was diagnosed as MS. A diagnosis of MS using IDF definition required abdominal obesity plus any two or more of the other four criteria: (1) abnormal obesity: WC > or = P(90); (2) elevated BPs: SBP/DBP > or = P(90); (3) low HDL-C: HDL-C < 1.03 mmol/L (40 mg/dl); (4) high TG: TG > or = 1.24 mmol/L (110 mg/dl); (5) impaired fasting glucose (IFG): FPG > or = 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dl).
RESULTSThe prevalence rates of MS by NCEP definition were: 0.9%, 7.6% and 29.8% in the normal weight (control group), overweight and obese children, respectively, which were higher than the rates diagnosed by IDF definition with 0.1%, 5.2% and 28.6% in the three groups. The prevalence rates of individual MS component among obese children were: 81.6% for abnormal obesity, 47.7% for elevated BPs, 35.6% for high TG, 16.9% for low HDL-C, and 13.4% for IFG. Elevated BPs (29.8%), abnormal obesity (27.4%) and high TG (26.0%) were the leading three abnormalities among overweight children. With the increase of BMI, the clustering of MS components and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were remarkably increased. HOMA-IR significantly increased as the number of MS component increased.
CONCLUSIONSMS has been in an epidemic status among the obese schoolchildren in Beijing. Abnormal obesity, elevated BPs and high TG were the three most common metabolic abnormalities for overweight and obese children. The prevalence rates of MS by NCEP definition in the present study was higher than those diagnosed by using IDF definition.
Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Growth Charts ; Humans ; Insulin ; analysis ; Insulin Resistance ; genetics ; physiology ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome ; physiopathology ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Obesity, Abdominal ; pathology ; Overweight ; epidemiology ; etiology ; metabolism ; Prevalence ; Triglycerides ; analysis ; Waist Circumference