No abstract available.
Female ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ultrasonography*

This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical usefulness of operative laparoscopy in treatment of benign ovarian cysts. A retrospective study was carried on 468 operative laparoscopy cases performed from September 1995 to September 1998 at Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Patient characteristics, specimen pathology, perioperative morbidity, and perioperative complications were reviewed. The percentage of operative laparoscopy increased steadily from 20.7% in 1996, 33.9% in 1997, to 49.7% in 1998. The mean age of patients was 33.66.5 (mean +/- SD) years and the mean hospital stay was less than 2 days. Types of surgery performed were cystectomy (n = 234), salpingo-oophorectomy (n = 126), oophorectomy (n = 63), and fulguration (n = 45), in decreasing order. Depending on the pathology of the ovarian cyst, the mean operation time was in the range of 80 to 110 minutes. Perioperative complications included 5 cases of subcutaneous emphysema, 10 cases of abdominal wall hematoma, 7 cases of trocar site bleeding, 3 cases of bowel injury, and 1 case of bladder injury. In conclusion, operative laparoscopy in treating benign ovarian cysts provides advantages such as less need to perform laparotomy, smaller skin incision, less perioperative discomfort, minimal tissue handling and trauma, and shorter hospital stay. Nevertheless, the risk of unrecognized ovarian malignancy cannot be absolutely excluded, therefore careful patient selection is mandated.
Adolescence ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Human ; Laparoscopy* ; Laparotomy ; Middle Age ; Ovarian Cysts/ultrasonography ; Ovarian Cysts/surgery*

Ovarian cysts in the newborn are uncormnon. Fetal ovarian cysts are being diagnosed with inaeasing fiequency with development of obstetrical sonography. Most of these cysts are found within the first few months of life and have no clinical significance. But, a large ovarian cyst would be founded antenatally with sonography. A large ovarian cyst can cause life-theatening complications during parturition and in the neonatal period. We have experienced a case of fetal ovarian cyst in a 32-year-old primiparous woman with antenatal sonography and report our experience with a brief review of literatures.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Parturition ; Ultrasonography

With the advent of B-mode transvaginal sonography, new opportunities are presented to better define ovarian lesions. Since its development in 1966, the transvaginal ultrasound continues to be an essential component in the diagnostic work-up of adnexal masses. This study reviewed the histopathological diagnoses of 387 patients who underwent surgery for removal of a benign ovarian cyst at our institution and compared it with the results of the patient's pre-operative ultrasound examinations done at the ultrasound section. After statistical analysis, this study showed that the B-mode transvaginal ultrasound is accurate in diagnosing the majority of benign ovarian cysts. Although it is more sensitive and specific for some types of benign ovarian cysts over others, it continues to be an important tool in the initial work-up of an ovarian cyst.

Preterm ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (POHS) is characterized by swelling of the vulva and hypogastrium, elevated estradiol and gonadotropin levels, and multiple ovarian follicular cysts in premature baby girls. We report a case of POHS with a review of the literature. The patient presented with swelling of the clitoral hood, and the labia majora and minora. We confirmed multiple ovarian cysts, as well as elevated estradiol and lutenizing hormone levels by performing pelvic ultrasound and laboratory tests. The symptoms resolved gradually and spontaneously.
Edema ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicular Cyst ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infant ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome* ; Ultrasonography ; Vulva

With the development of fetal ultrasonography, detection of fetal ovarian cysts has been increased. Although ovarian cyst formation during the perinatal period is a self limiting process, there is still considerable controversy regarding the best treatment of the fetal ovarian cyst. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the natural history of fetal ovarian cysts and to analyze the result of treatment. From 1995 to 2004, 31 consecutive fetuses with ovarian cysts were followed by ultrasonography during the perinatal period. The fetal ovarian cyst was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography between 25weeks and 38 weeks and the mean size of the cysts was 5cm (ranged from 2 to 8cm). At birth, 3 cysts disappeared. In 2 cases, the diagnoses were changed to multicystic kidney disease and intestinal duplication. During following up of 26 cysts, 15 cysts have resolved completely. Seven cysts required oophorectomy because of cyst torsion (n=3), differentiation of tumorous condition (n=2), increased size of cyst (n=1), and large size (8cm) of cyst at birth (n=1). Fetal ovarian cyst should primarily be observed, and only in the limited cases, surgical treatment would be required for the risk of complications such as torsion and differentiation from benign to malignant pathology.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetus ; Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney ; Natural History ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ovariectomy ; Parturition ; Pathology ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Ovarian cyst is found in 32% of necropsies in neonates, and can be visualized during gestation by ultrasonography. The clinical evolution of these cysts is variable, but in most cases the prognosis is favorable. Ovarian torsion, bleeding, rupture, and peritonitis have been described as complications. We report a newborn girl with torsion of ovarian cyst. A cystic mass measuring 41.9x31.9 mm on left side of abdomen was identified at 32 weeks of gestation by fetal ultrasonography. Surgery was performed after birth.
Abdomen ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Parturition ; Peritonitis ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Precise measurement of postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume is a key factor in assessing patients with voiding dysfunction, including those with lower urinary tract problems. The safe and noninvasive ultrasound bladder scan is the preferred mode to measure PVR volume. However, this procedure has a false-positive rate up to 9%, in the presence of ovarian cysts, renal cysts, ascites, or uterine myoma with cystic degeneration. Until now, cystic lesions are known to cause false positivity in ultrasound bladder scanner. However, we encountered falsely-elevated PVR in two cases of non-cystic uterine myomas. We present these cases with detailed radiologic images and volume measurement data.
Ascites ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Myoma ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of baseline ovarian systs after luteal phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a) administration on the clinical response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) for intrauterine insemination(IUI). From May 1994 to December 1995, 71 COH cycles using luteal long protocol of GnRH0a for IUI were assessed for the formation of baseline ovarian cysts defined as a mean diameter>or=15 mm. Outcome data were compared between cycles with and without baseline ovarian cysts. Of 71 COH cycles, baseline cyst>or=15 mm were noted in 23 cycles(32.4%). Of 23 cyst cycles, baseline cysts>or=20 mm were noted in 15 cycles and aspirated under transvaginal ultrasonogram guidance. There was no significant difference in baseline serum FSH values between cyst cycles and non-cyst cycles. There were also no significant differences in ovarian response as indicated by the number of ampules of gonadotropin used and duration of honadotropin administration in ovarian stimulation, and serum E2 level and number of follicles(>=14 mm) on the day of hCG administration between cyst cycles and non-cyst cycles. There was also no significant difference in endometrial thickness measured on the day of hCG administration between cyst cycles and non-cyst cycles. Clinical pregnancy rate was somewhat lower in cyst cycles compared with non-cyst cycles(13.0% versus 31.3%), but was not significantly different. This study suggests that baseline ovarian cysts after luteal phase GnRH-a administration has a potentially harmful effect on the clinical outcome in COH with IUI program.
Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Gonadotropins ; Insemination* ; Luteal Phase ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy Rate ; Ultrasonography

Multicystic ovary was first described by Silver in 1958 as a rare case feature of acquired primary hypothyroidism. In 1980, Lindsay reported four girls with hypothyroidism associated with multicystic ovary diagnosed by pelvic ultrasonography. The mechanism of ovarian cyst formation and pseudoprecocious puberty in severe hypothyroidism in childhood are unknown. Increased ovarian sensitivity to GnRH and increased TSH level which acts on FSH receptor is one of the mechanism explained. We report a case of a girl with primary hypothyroidism presented with pseudoprecocious puberty and giant follicular ovarian cyst with torsion.
Adolescent ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism* ; Ovarian Cysts* ; Ovary ; Puberty ; Receptors, FSH ; Silver ; Ultrasonography