Objective To evaluate the application of the inlay butterfly cartilage graft technique in myringoplasty.Methods Thirty--eight ears in 38 patients (experiment group) with dry central drum perforations were treated with inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty,and 46 ears in 46 patients with underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty (control group).Results After a mean follow-up of 6 months,the healing rate did not differ between two groups (92.1% in experiment group,91.3% in control group,P＞ 0.05).Average pure-tone hearing threshold improved than 10 dB and closure of the air-bone gap (ABG) within 10 dB were not different (P ＞ 0.05).The cured patients were followed up for 12-38 months,there was no ear perforation of drum in experiment group,but 4 ears in control group.Condusion Inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty is the reliable and ideal method for tzeating dry central drum pedoration with high success rate.

Objective Following up with otoscopy after the middle ear surgery in order to understand the prognosis and recurrence of the surgical cavity. Methods Four hundred and eighty-three ears after middle ear surgery were followed up with otoscopy to understand the situation of its dry ear, surgical cavity lesions as well as whether there was recurrence. Among 483 ears with middle ear surgery, 172 ears were performed with tympanoplasty, 211 ears with tympanoplasty plus modified mastoidectomy, 26 ears with up wall mastoidectomy plus tympanoplasty, 15 ears with radical mastoidectomy, 59 ears with mastoid surgical cavity repair. Results By otoscopy 12 ears were found with secondary tympanic membrane perforation, 9 ears with tympanic membrane perforation without healing, 36 ears with granulation in tympanic membrane or mastoid, 23 ears with recurrent cholesteatoma, 11 ears with middle ear effusion, 5 ears with canal stenosis, 16 ears with fungus infections in surgical cavity, 2 ears with prolapse of artificial auditory ossicles, 3 ears with necrosis of mastoid cavity flap. The time of dry ear after the surgery in open mastoidectomy was (2.1 ± 0.4) months. Conclusion Following up regularly with otoscopy after middle ear surgery is benefit to the clearance of residual disease, preventing recurrence and promoting early dry ear.

The mutagenic effects of microwave and chromium trioxide (CrO(3)) on Vicia faba root tip were studied. Micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration assay were used to determine the mitotic index, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency of Vicia faba root tip cells induced by microwave and CrO(3). The results showed that the micronucleus frequency decreased, and that the mitotic index and chromosomal aberration frequency showed linear dose responses to CrO(3), in treatment of microwave for 5 s. In microwave of 25 s, the mitotic index decreased, the micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency increased with increase of CrO(3) concentration. We concluded that microwave and CrO(3) had antagonistic effect on the mitotic index of Vicia faba root tip cells, but had synergetic effect on micronucleus frequency and chromosomal aberration frequency of Vicia faba root tip cells.
Cells, Cultured ; Chromium Compounds ; toxicity ; Chromosome Aberrations ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Chromosomes, Plant ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Micronucleus Tests ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; genetics ; radiation effects ; Vicia faba ; drug effects ; genetics ; radiation effects

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of obesity and how they related to chronic diseases among middle aged and elderly men in urban Shanghai.Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from a baseline survey from an on-going cohort study of 61 500 men between 40-74 of age in urban Shanghai.Study subjects were recruited from 8 communities of an urban district in Shanghai during 2002 to 2006.General obesity was measured by body mass index (BMI≥28) and,central obesity by waist to hip ratio (WHR≥0.9).Unconditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of chronic diseases associated with obesity after adjustment for potential confounding factors.Results The aged-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight,overall obesity and central obesity were 36.8%,7.7% and 49.7% respectively.In this population,66.7% subjects had ever been diagnosed with one or more kinds of chronic diseases,in which hypertension ranked first with an age-adjusted prevalence rate of 26.5%.After mutual adjustment for WHR and BMI,obesity (BMI≥28) appeared to be associated with increased prevalence rates of hypertension,coronary heart disease,gallstone,urinary tract calculus and stroke comparing to men having normal BMI (18.5≤BMI＜24) with ORs ranged from 1.16 to 3.13.However,to the lowest quartile,the ORs associated with the highest WHR were between 1.20 and 1.69 for these 5 diseases.All P values for trend tests were less than 0.05.WHR was positively associated with diabetes,with OR as 2.40 (95% CI:2.14-2.70) for the highest quartile comparing to the lowest quartile.BMI was unrelated to the diabetes prevalence.Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease decreased with increasing BMI,but increased with WHR.The corresponding OR was 0.87 (95% CI:0.77-0.98)for the obese men compared to those with normal BMI while 1.26(95%CI:1.14-1.40) for the subjects with the highest WHR comparing to those with the lowest WHR.Conclusion The prevalence rates of hypertension,gallstone,urinary tract calculus,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were higher in obesity men.Central obesity seemed to be related to high prevalence of diabetes.

Child ; Family ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Nervous System

OBJECTIVETo understand the infectivity and pathogenicity of the plasma of hepatitis E virus (HEV) viremia to primate animals.

METHODSRNA fragment of HEV genotype IV was detected on one healthy donor who was positive for anti-HEV IgM and negative for anti-HEV IgG. Then 10 ml plasma from above donor was transfused to rhesus monkey to observe its infectivity and pathogenicity.

RESULTSAcute hepatitis E was developed in rhesus monkey who accept HEV RNA positive plasma. It was confirmed by virological, immunological, biochemical and histopathological data.

CONCLUSIONAcute hepatitis E can be induced by plasma transfusion of HEV viremia, which indicate the possibility of transfusion transmitted hepatitis E

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Blood Donors ; Hepatitis E ; transmission ; Hepatitis E virus ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Transfusion Reaction

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application of reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap for reconstruction of soft tissue defect on foot and ankle in children.

METHODSFrom July 2006 to June 2008, 8 children with soft tissue defects on foot, heel or ankle were treated with reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flaps. The size of flaps ranged from 6 cm x 5 cm to 9 cm x 7 cm. The upper margin of the flaps reached the upper third of cruris, with 1 case reaching the transverse line of popliteal fossa.

RESULTSAll the flaps survived. The patients were followed up for 1 - 17 months with good aesthetic and functional results. The growth of the two legs had no difference. The sensation of the flaps improved with no heel ulcer and no dysfunction at the donor site. The upper boundary of flaps can reach the upper third of the cruris even the reansverse line of popliteal fossa. The rotation point of the flaps located at 4 - 6 cm above the lateral ankle in children.

CONCLUSIONSThe reversed small saphenous vein-sural neurovascular island flap in children has a reliable survival area. The operation is easily performed without any obvious influence on the growth of the operated cruris. It is a good reconstructive method for soft tissue defect in foot and ankle.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; innervation

OBJECTIVETo investigate positron-emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) findings of radiation encephalopathy (RE) following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), observe the metabolic changes of the compromised brain tissues, and postulate the clinical classification of RE to provide reference for its diagnosis.

METHODSThis study included 53 pathologically confirmed NPC patients who received previous radical radiotherapy, and the diagnosis of RE was established according to the clinical manifestations and CT/PET findings. All the patients underwent PET/CT whole-body and head scans, and the image data were evaluated along with the clinical data of the patients.

RESULTSRE most frequently involved the lateral or bilateral inferior temporal lobes. PET identified hypometabolic changes in the bilateral temporal lobes of 35 patients (70 lobes) and in the lateral temporal lobe of 18 patients (18 lobes). According to the PET/CT findings, the lesions were classified into 3 types, namely the oedema type (56 temporal lobes), liquefactive necrosis type (10 temporal lobes), and atrophic calcification type (22 temporal lobes). One patient with oedema type lesion received neurotrophic treatment and recovered completely with normal brain tissue density and metabolism, but the oedema type lesions in 2 patients progressed into to atrophic calcification type; the liquefactive necrotic lesions in another 2 patients also progressed into atrophic calcification type.

CONCLUSIONRE patients exhibit significant hypometabolic changes in the inferior temporal lobe on PET. According to the findings by PET/CT, RE can be classified into the oedema type, liquefactive necrosis type, and atrophic calcification type, and lesions of the former two types may progress into the third type.

Adult ; Aged ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; radiation effects ; Brain Diseases ; classification ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Radiation Injuries ; classification ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo establish the methods of calculating and analyzing the multi-coefficient of variation significance test for the toxicology study.

METHODSThe paper aimed to confirm the significance level with the method of Bonferroni and then compared the methods of calculating and analyzing of the experiment groups with the control group respectively.

RESULTSThe significance level of multi-coefficient of variation significance test was confirmed as alpha1=0.0167. Compared with the control groups, the activity of ALT in serum both in 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups did not change in the average significance test, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while it changed in the variation significance test, which was of statistical significance (P<0.0167). The activity of AST in serum in 60 mg/kg group did not change in the average significance test (P>0.05), while it changed in the variation significance test (P<0.0167).

CONCLUSIONThe complete changes of the indexes can only be shown by use of both the average significance test and the variation significance test together.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Lead Poisoning ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Statistical Distributions

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the reliability of different hepatitis E diagnosis reagent tests on the acute hepatitis E.

METHODSThree acute hepatitis E diagnosis tests, E2-IgM (Wantai, China), GL-IgM and GL-IgG (Genelabs, Singapore) were compared for their reliability in a sera panel composed by 273 healthy individuals and 525 hepatitis.

RESULTSThe specificity of E2-IgM on the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E was 100.0%, it was significantly higher than GL-IgM (96.7%) and GL-IgG (85.4%). The sensitivity of E2-IgM and GL-IgG were 97.9% and 93.8% respectively, both significantly higher than GL-IgM (72.9%). Among 65 acute hepatitis cases being positive on GL-IgM test but negative on E2-IgM, 58 (89.2%) cases were found to be positive with anti-hepatitis A virus IgM, it indicated that the GL-IgM test might be interfered by other IgM antibodies on serum.

CONCLUSIONE2-IgM is a good test for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E.

Acute Disease ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis E ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic ; Sensitivity and Specificity