cDNA probes encoding preproenkephalin A (PPA) were used to detect the mRNA codings within the sections of adrenal glands of guinea pigs, processing according to the following procedures; perfused the animals with Zambonis' or 4% paraformaldehyde fixative; rinsed the block of adrenal glands for 12 hours in O.1mol/L phosphate sodium solution; the block were cut at -15℃ in a cryostat; Then the sections were prehybridized and hybridized with the biotinylated cDNA encoding PPA. The sections were incubated in the solution containing streptavi- din-biotinylated HRP and chromostained with DAB. The positive reactive produ- cts appeared in the cytoplasm of about 90% of adrenal medullary cells.

Objective To investigate the joint action of benzene and formaldehyde for oxidative damage effects on cultured CHL cells.Methods Twenty-four hours after the cultured CHL cells exposed to formaldehyde(0,0,0,0.319 75,0.319 75,0.319 75,0.639 5,0.639 5,0.639 5 ?g/ml) or(and) benzene(0,0.392,0.784,0,0.392,0.784,0,0.392,0.784 mg/ml),the level of glutathione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) were determined.Results Twenty-four hours after formaldehyde or(and) benzene exposure,the level of GSH reduced,activity of SOD reduced significantly(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the features of various mediastinal lymphadenopathies using computed tomography perfusion (CTP).

METHODSCTP parameters (CTPs) of the selected mediastinal nodes from 59 patients with pathology-proven malignant lymph nodes and of those from 29 patients with clinically diagnosed or pathology-proven inflammatory lymphadenopathies were collected. Patients were divided into subgroups by etiology and phase of primary disease, including different pathological malignant nodes and diverse inflammatory nodes. CTPs were defined as blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), permeability (PMB), and time to peak (TTP). Differences of CTPs were compared between malignant and benign nodes, and among subgroups, respectively.

RESULTSIn the mediastinum, no significant differences of CTPs were found between malignant and benign groups (all P>0.05), the same for subgroups of malignant nodes (all P>0.05). Acute lymphadenitis had higher BF and BV than chronic inflammatory, lymphoid tuberculosis, sarcoidosis and malignant nodes. The BF of malignant nodes was markedly slower than that of acute lymphadenitis (P=0.01), but faster than chronic inflammatory nodes (P=0.04) and sarcoidosis (P=0.03), with no significant difference compared with lymphoid tuberculosis. Pneumonia-complicated lymphoid tuberculosis showed the longest MTT while sarcoidosis displayed the shortest MTT, and inflammatory nodes, lymphoid tuberculosis without complicated pneumonia and malignant nodes had moderate MTT.

CONCLUSIONCTPs show promising potential in distinguishing various lymphadenopathies in the mediastinum, but more studies are needed to improve their specificity.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphatic Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Mediastinal Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Perfusion ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the brief version of dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep(DBAS-16).Methods Participants were out-patients who with insomnia or insomnia comorbided depression disorder or anxiety disorder.All of them were assessed by DBAS-16,Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).30 of them were evaluated by DBAS-16 two weeks later.Results 230 patients were assessed,212 pieces of questionnaire with integral answers were collected,The Cronbach α Coefficient of DBAS-16 was 0.786,the Cronbach α coefficients of four subscales were 0.424-0.703.Split-half reliability coefficient of total score was 0.775,split-half reliability coefficient of four subscales were 0.424-0.719.Item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.602 to 0.283(all P＜0.05).The testretest reliability coefficient was 0.928,and coefficient of each subscales ranged from 0.709 to 0.907 (all P＜0.05).Confirmatory factor analysis was used to estimate the construct validity.The fit indices:x2/dfwas 1.623,the adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) was 0.882,root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.054,incremental fit index (IFI)was 0.899,non-normed fit index (NNFI) was 0.871,comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.895.Total DBAS-16 score significantly correlated with PSQI(r=-0.311,P＜0.01),SDS(r=-0.192,P＜0.01),SAS(r=-0.162,P＜0.01).Conclusion The reliability and validity of the brief version of DBAS-16 are adequate.

Objective To analyze the efficiency of mifepristone combined with norethindrone in treating dysfunctional uterine bleeding of peri-menopause. Methods 56 patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding of peri-menopause were randomly divided into two groups, the study group(30 cases) and the comparision group(26 cases). The patients in the study group were treated with mifepristone in small doses combined with norethindrone. And the patients in the comparision group were treated only with norethindrone. Before treating, all the patients were observed and measured symptom of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, blood routine,the function of liver and ren.the en-dometrial thickness and pelvic by ultrasonography. Through hysteroscopy or uterine curettage of diagnosis, en-dometriums were measured by pathology. Results 26 cases in the study group were evaluated as effective,2 cases as obviously effective,and 2 cases as no effective. In the comparision group, 10 patients were evalutated as effective,8 patients as obviously effective,8 patients as no effective. The total effective rates of study group was significantly higher than those of comparison group(P

In order to investigate if the recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) is suitable for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treatment,we used radioreceptor assays to detect if growth hormone receptor(GHR) was presented in 32 HCC tissues.The results showed that the growth hormone specific singular binding site,namely GHR,was detected in 28 cases. The binding capacity(R T ) of GHR was 18 4300?4 1633fmol/mg.protein and affinity constant(Kd) was 0 6432?0 1961nmol/L R T was lower ( P 0 05). The R T of the GHR was negatively correlated to the tumor's size,but was not correlated with differentiation of tumor, or the co existence of cirrhosis,GHR was absent in 4 cases. This study showed that the majority of the HCC tissue still express a low level of GHR. Before their functions are well understood, rhGH should be very carefully used in HCC patients.

Objective To dynamically observe the changes of the plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and malondialde-hyde(MDA) content of rabbits with hemorrhagic shock in high latitude .Methods 28 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups :0 .9% NaCl group ,7 .5% NaCl group ,Voluven(6% HES 130/0 .4) group and control group .The plasma SOD activity and MDA content were measured before shock .At 30 minutes of shock and 30 minutes later of volumetric resuscitation .Then the changes of MAP were observed .Results There were no static difference among 4 groups in the levels of SOD and MDA before shock ;at 30 minutes of shock ,the SOD activity was reduced signicantly and the MDA content was increased in each group (P<0 .01) .Afer fluid infusion there were no obvious change in the plasma levels of SOD and MDA compared with those of shock in 0 .9% NaCl group and in 7 .5% NaCl group(P>0 .05) ,whereas in Voluven group ,compared with those in 0 .9% NaCl and 7 .5% NaCl group the SOD activity was elevated signicantly and the MDA content was decreased (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Voluven can be used in scan-venging oxygen free redicals by recovering the plasma SOD activity in rabbits with hemorrhagic shock in high latitude .

To explore the major risk factors for hepatitis B (HBV) in Shanghai Jinshan district.A one-to-two matched case control study was performed among the residents of Shanghai Jinshan district in 2010.The data were analyzed by single factor and multivariate analysis performed with SAS 9.13.Single factor analysis showed that the risk factors for hepatitis B were family member with hepatitis B,no vaccination history of hepatitis B virus vaccine and oral treatment.Muhivariable analysis showed that family member with hepatitis B (OR =1.91),no vaccination history of HBV vaccine (OR =0.49) and oral treatment (OR =2.06) were independent risk factors for HBV infection in Shanghai Jinshan district.Strengthening health education for HBV prevention,modifying unhealthy living habits and standardizing the treatment of oral diseases are important measures for lowering infectious rate of HBV.

Objective To investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of curcumin in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced intestinal fibrosis in rats and its mechanism. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into model group, treatment group, control group and normal group with 10each. Except the normal group, the other three groups were given 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg of TNBS enema on the 1st, 8 th, 15th, 22nd and 29th days,respectively. The rats in treatment group were intraperitonealy injected with 30 mg/kg of curcumin daily. Control group was injected with 0. 9%NaCl solution and normal group received an equal volume of 50% ethanol enema without any treatment. The damage and fibrosis of colon were detected with HE staining and Masson collagen staining, respectively. The contents of interleukin (IL) -2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, IL-4 and IL-17 in colon were measured by enzyme-link immunosorbent analysis (ELISA). The expressions of intestinal fibrosis related cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), Smad3, collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ mRNA were determined by FQ-PCR.Results The macroscopic and micrpscopic colonic damage scores and collagen area were significantly higher in model group (6.14 ± 1.07, 8. 42 ± 1.40 and 36. 59% ± 4.07%, respectively) and control group (6.17 ± 1.47, 8. 17 ±1.47 and 37.18 %±4.05 %, respectively) than those in normal group (2.13±0.64, 2.25±1.28 and 25.43%±5.39% ,respectively)(P＜0.05). Contents of IL2, TNF-α, IL-17, as well as expressions of intestinal fibrosis related cytokines including TGF-β1, CTGF,Smad3, collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ mRNA were also higher in model group [(378. 25±29. 90) ng/L,(87.11±23.85) ng/L, (47.80±5.62) ng/L, 4.71%±2.71%,10.33%±6.99%,9.35%±7.32%,1.52% ± 1.11% and 3.04% ±1.33%, respectively] and control group [(410. 06 ± 64.74) ng/L,(100.41±12.59) ng/L, (41.45±2. 12) ng/L, 4. 12%±3.01%,11.46%±4.72%,10. 11%±3.80%,1. 57% ± 1. 35% and 3. 03% ± 3. 53%, respectively] in comparision with normal group [(179.74±20. 73) ng/L, (35. 47±7. 13) ng/L, (14. 48±7. 52) ng/L and 0. 90%± 1. 13%,0.53%±0.47%, 0. 62%±0. 44%, 0. 16%±0. 09% and 0. 18%±0. 10%, respectively] (P＜0.05). While in treatment group, the macroscopic (4.00 ± 1.07 ) and micrpscopic (5. 13 ± 1.46)colonic damage scores, collagen area (30.01%±7.56%), contents of IL-2 [(223.91±28.04) ng/L],TNF-α [(44.19±4. 77) ng/L] and IL-17 [(14.89±4. 31) ng/L], expressions of TGF-β1 (0.85%±0.76%), CTGF (1.56%±1.13%), Smad3 (3.62%±3.03%), collagen Ⅰ (0.40%±0.31%) and Ⅲ (0.60 % ± 1.02 % ) mRNA were much lower than those in model group and control group (P＜0.05 ), but similar to those in normal group (P＞ 0.05 ). Conclusions Curcumin can inhibit intestinal fibrosis caused by excessive "wound-healing" reaction via reducing the overexpression of cytokines in colonic mucosa and attenuating the inflammation of colon.

Background and purpose:Previous studies showed activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) might be involved in the development of breast cancer induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAs) and AhR which was regarded as transcription factors activated by ligand could induced many enzymes expression. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the protein level of AhR and aryl hydrocarbon metabolic enzymes in vivo with a relationship of the breast cancer and pathology indicators. Methods:A case-control study was 1∶1 matched and 65 pairs blood samples were collected, the ELISA was used in testing blood protein levels of the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor and aryl hydrocarbon metabolic enzymes. Meanwhile pathological data was collected. The Rank sum test statistical analysis was used in analyzing measurement data, Spearman test was used in correlation analysis. Results:Statistical analysis revealed that there was no statistical difference in aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH), cytochrome P450(CYP450) between the case group and the control group (Z=0.196,P=0.845;Z=0.269,P=0.788);and the AhR, NQO1, GST control group concentrations were lower than that in the case group. There were statistical differences of AhR, quinone oxido-ereductase 1(NQO1), glutatnione-S-transferases(GST) between the control group and the case group(Z=1.956, P=0.041;Z=2.627, P=0.009;Z=3.272, P=0.001). Correlation analysis showed that AhR has a higher correlation in case group with GST, NQO1 (r=0.665, P<0.01;r=0.704, P<0.01). Grouping with the pathology indicators (ER, PR, HER-2)-,+,++,+++, found that the level of grouping by ER, AhR protein levels and GST protein levels have a discrepancies(P<0.05). Conclusion:These results might suggest that the protein levels of AhR and aryl hydrocarbon metabolic enzymes have a signiifcant impact on breast cancer. Detection of enzyme protein levels may be helpful for early detection of breast cancer, prompt treatment options and prognosis are meaningful.