The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Mobility Limitation*

OBJECTIVES: Falls is a risk factor for fracture. The FRAX® predicts fractures. Whether the FRAX® is associated with fall in both gender is inconclusive. The aim of our study is to evaluate the association between FRAX scores and falls. METHODS: The cross-sectional study set from 2009 to 2010 included 1200 community-dwelling people who were systematically sampled in central Taiwan. The 1200 participants (men: 524; women: 676; ≥40 years old) completed questionnaires about socioeconomic status; lifestyle; medical and fall history were completed. FRAX scores with and without bone mineral density (BMD) were calculated by using the Taiwan calculator. RESULTS: A total of 19.8% participants fell down. Binary regression models showed that diabetes mellitus history (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.03–2.52), the FRAX without BMD in a continuous major score (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03–1.09), continuous hip score (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05–1.16), categorical major score ≥ 10% (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.25–2.61), and categorical hip score ≥ 3% (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.30–2.50) were independent risk factors for falls. FRAX with BMD in a continuous major score (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02–1.06), continuous hip score (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.09), categorical major score ≥ 10% (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09–2.12), and categorical hip score ≥ 3% (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.13–2.09) were also independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that FRAX® scores with and without BMD were unanimously correlated with falls in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly males and females.
Accidental Falls* ; Aged* ; Bone Density ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Social Class ; Taiwan

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to review the literature about the relevance of the whole body vibration (WBV) in decreasing the number of fractures in osteoporotic women. METHODS: Searches were performed by three independent researchers through the PubMed and PEDro databases. RESULTS: Only 0.1% of the publications with “Fracture and osteoporosis” have a relation with WBVexercise. The achievements have revealed a positive effect of this exercise in patients with risk factors for fractures like osteoporosis. Protocols were performed two to three times a week, from 6 up to 18 months, and with 12.6 up to 40 Hz as frequencies. Different tools were used to evaluate the effects of the WBV exercise in conditions that could cause fractures in postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: Although the paucity of research regarding direct effects of WBV in decreasing fractures, WBV could be a feasible and effective way to modify well-recognized risk factors for falls and fractures, improvements in some aspects of neuromuscular function and balance. More studies have to be performed establish protocols with well controlled parameters.
Accidental Falls ; Exercise* ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis* ; Risk Factors* ; Vibration*

Calcium intake may play an important role on bone health. The recent national nutritional survey in Japan revealed the gradual decrease in calcium intake to around 480 mg/day. In addition, the patients with low level of vitamin D become too large in proportion. The present perspective proposes to increase calcium intake in Asian population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Calcium* ; Far East* ; Humans ; Japan ; Nutrition Surveys ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.

Mandibular cortical erosion detected on dental panoramic radiographs is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in older adults. Additionally, many reports have demonstrated an association between decreased number of teeth present and osteoporosis. However, whether mandibular cortical erosion is associated with a decreased number of teeth remains unclear. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to clarify the association between mandibular cortical erosion and number of teeth present in Japanese men and women aged 40 years and older. Among patients who visited our university hospital and underwent dental panoramic radiography for the diagnosis of dental diseases, 839 patients (293 men and 546 women) aged 40–89 years (mean [SD], 63.7 [10.6] years) participated in this study. Multiple regression analysis revealed that mildly to moderately eroded cortex (p = 0.007) and severe eroded cortex (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a decreased number of teeth present. Analysis of covariance adjusted for covariates revealed a significant association between mandibular cortical erosion category and number of teeth present (p < 0.001). Subjects with a severely eroded cortex had significantly fewer teeth present than those with a normal cortex (mean [SE], 20.7 [0.5] vs. 23.4 [0.3], p < 0.001) or mildly to moderately eroded cortex (22.2 [0.4], p = 0.04). Subjects with a mildly to moderately eroded cortex had significantly fewer teeth present than those with a normal cortex (p = 0.033). Our results suggest the significant association between mandibular cortical erosion and number of teeth present in Japanese men and women aged 40 years and older.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Cross-Sectional Studies* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Osteoporosis ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Stomatognathic Diseases ; Tooth*

OBJECTIVES: We aim to elucidate the clinical outcomes of bisphosphonate-associated atypical femoral fracture and the clinical results depending on the bisphosphonate therapy period. METHODS: Twenty cases involving 15 patients who had been diagnosed with atypical femoral facture between 2004 and 2014 and who had been followed up for at least 12 months were retrospectively analyzed. The control group was composed of 15 typical femoral facture patients. We used plain radiography and physical examinations to determine the period of time required for fracture healing as well as complication occurrence. We investigated the bisphosphonate administration status and duration and the names of its components, bilateral fracture occurrence status, the period of time required for bone union, and reoperation or bone graft status due to nonunion. RESULTS: Revision surgery involving a bone graft was performed due to nonunion in 1 out of 15 cases. Except in one revision case, the duration of the union was 11.9 months on average in 14 cases of atypical fracture patients, and 4.3 months on average in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The bisphosphonate administration duration was positively correlated with the union period (p < 0.05). In contrast, there was no statistically significant correlation between the bisphosphonate administration duration and the incidence of bilateral atypical fractures (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Atypical femoral fractures required more time for bone union than typical ones and prolonged bisphosphonate administration led to a longer period of time required for bone union.
Femoral Fractures ; Femur* ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Incidence ; Physical Examination ; Radiography ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the Fracture Liaison service (FLS) in preventing secondary fracture and decreasing 1-year mortality rate after osteoporotic hip fracture, in patients at Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted. We studied male and female patients, 50 years of age and older, who presented with a fragility fracture around the hip due to low energy trauma and were admitted to Police General Hospital, participating in PGH's Liaison service from April 1, 2014—March 30, 2015. The sample size was 75 patients, with a follow up time of 1 year. The data from this study was compared with that of a previous study done by Tanawat A. et al. [9] prior to commencement of the FLS project. RESULTS: After a follow up period of 1 year, the mortality rate was measured to be 10.7% and there was no evidence of secondary fragility fracture. Post-injury bone mineral density follow up and osteoporotic medication treatment rates were 48% and 80%, respectively. Patients who participated in the project were found to have a decreasing rate of secondary fracture from 30% to 0% (P < 0.0001), an increasing post-injury BMD follow up rate from 28.3% to 48% (P = 0.0053), and an increase in post-injury osteoporotic medication administration rate from 40.8% to 80% (P = 0.0148), all with statistical significance. However, the 1-year mortality rate was not significant (P = 0.731) when compared to the previous study. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with recent hip fractures participating in the Fracture Liaison service had a significantly higher post-injury BMD follow up and osteoporotic medication administration rates. This resulted in a lower risk of secondary fracture than those who did not participate in the Fracture Liaison service at a follow up time of one year.
Bone Density ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Osteoporosis ; Police* ; Prospective Studies ; Sample Size ; Thailand*

OBJECTIVE: There has been no prospective study that examined intramuscular injection of high-dose vitamin D in Korean adults. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of high-dose vitamin D3 after intramuscular injection in Korean adults with vitamin D deficiency. METHODS: This study was a 24-week, prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 84 subjects ≥19 and <65 years of age were randomly allocated to either the vitamin D3 or placebo group in a 2:1 ratio. After randomization, a single injection of plain vitamin D3 200,000 IU or placebo was intramuscularly administered. If serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations were <30 ng/mL on week 12 or thereafter, a repeat injection was administered. RESULTS: After a single intramuscular injection of vitamin D3 to adults with vitamin D deficiency, the proportion of subjects with serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≥30 ng/mL within 12 weeks was 46.4% in the vitamin D3 group and 3.6% in the placebo group (p < 0.0001). The proportion of subjects with serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≥30 ng/mL within 24 weeks was 73.2% in the vitamin D3 group and 3.6% in the placebo group (p < 0.0001). Mean change in serum 25(OH)D concentrations at weeks 12 and 24 after vitamin D3 injection was 12.8 ± 8.1 and 21.5 ± 8.1 ng/mL, respectively, in the vitamin D3 group, with no significant changes in the placebo group. Serum parathyroid hormone concentrations showed a significant decrease in the vitamin D3 group but no change in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: Intramuscular injection of vitamin D3 200,000 IU was superior to placebo in terms of its impact on serum 25(OH)D concentrations, and is considered to be safe and effective in Korean adults with vitamin D deficiency.
Adult* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cholecalciferol* ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular* ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Prospective Studies ; Random Allocation ; Vitamin D Deficiency* ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*