No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels* ; Erythrocyte Indices*

No abstract available.
Coronary Vessels* ; Dilatation, Pathologic* ; Humans

Present report describes a 46 year old male patient with a diagnosis of major depression who developed tardive dyskinesia during bupropion therapy. Our patient had no history of neuroleptic use and his laboratory and neurologic examinations were normal. He had no family history of neurologic diseases. Although bupropion induced dyskinesia has been previously reported in the literature, it is rare and our case is the first case regarding tardive dyskinesia.
Bupropion* ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Dyskinesias ; Humans ; Male ; Movement Disorders* ; Neurologic Examination

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of subureteral injection types in patients with middle- to high-grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and September 2010, subureteral dextranomer was applied at our clinic to 149 patients (214 refluxing ureters) with grades II, III, and IV VUR. Group 1 consisted of 54 patients (80 ureters), and group 2 consisted of 95 patients (134 ureters). The standard subureteric transurethral injection (STING) procedure was applied to group 1, and the modified STING procedure was applied to group 2. A second and if needed a third injection was applied to unsuccessfully treated patients. The mean follow-up period was 2 years. Patients were evaluated by cystography and ultrasonography in the third month of follow-up. RESULTS: VUR was resolved completely after a single injection in 54/80 ureters (67.5%) in group 1 and in 94/134 ureters (70.1%) in group 2. Overall successes after a second or a third injection were 61/80 (76.2%) and 111/134 (82.8%), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups only for grade IV reflux following multiple injections (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment of VUR is a recommended treatment because it is minimally invasive, efficient, and repeatable. Our study confirmed that a modified STING procedure can be an alternative treatment to the standard technique.
Administration, Intravesical ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dextrans/*administration & dosage ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid/*administration & dosage ; Infant ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Treatment Outcome ; Ureter/*surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/*drug therapy/ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of subureteral injection types in patients with middle- to high-grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and September 2010, subureteral dextranomer was applied at our clinic to 149 patients (214 refluxing ureters) with grades II, III, and IV VUR. Group 1 consisted of 54 patients (80 ureters), and group 2 consisted of 95 patients (134 ureters). The standard subureteric transurethral injection (STING) procedure was applied to group 1, and the modified STING procedure was applied to group 2. A second and if needed a third injection was applied to unsuccessfully treated patients. The mean follow-up period was 2 years. Patients were evaluated by cystography and ultrasonography in the third month of follow-up. RESULTS: VUR was resolved completely after a single injection in 54/80 ureters (67.5%) in group 1 and in 94/134 ureters (70.1%) in group 2. Overall successes after a second or a third injection were 61/80 (76.2%) and 111/134 (82.8%), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups only for grade IV reflux following multiple injections (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic treatment of VUR is a recommended treatment because it is minimally invasive, efficient, and repeatable. Our study confirmed that a modified STING procedure can be an alternative treatment to the standard technique.
Administration, Intravesical ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dextrans/*administration & dosage ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid/*administration & dosage ; Infant ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Treatment Outcome ; Ureter/*surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures/*methods ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/*drug therapy/ultrasonography

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. PURPOSE: This study investigated the possible association of persistent low back pain (LBP) with caesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Many women suffer from LBP after CS, which is commonly performed under spinal anesthesia. However, this type of LBP is poorly understood, and there is poor consensus regarding increased risk after spinal anesthesia. METHODS: We examined two groups of patients who underwent cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. Group I included patients who presented to a neurosurgical clinic complaining of LBP for at least 6 months. Group II was a control group with patients without LBP. We analyzed clinical and sagittal angle parameters, including age, body mass index, parity, central sagittal angle of the sacrum (CSAS), and sacral slope (SS). RESULTS: Fifty-three patients participated in this study: 23 (43.1%) in Group I and 30 (56.9%) in Group II. Non-parametric Mann–Whitney U-tests showed that age, parity, and CSAS significantly differed between the two groups at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Age, parity, and CSAS appear to be associated with increased risk for LBP after CS under spinal anesthesia. Future prospective studies on this subject may help validate our results.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Body Mass Index ; Cesarean Section* ; Consensus ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain* ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sacrum*

AIM: To analyze the clinical features and surgical outcomes of Duane retraction syndrome(DRS)patients.

METHODS: The clinical data of 94 DRS patients were evaluated. Complete ophthalmic data including age, sex, laterality, the type of DRS, angle of deviation, abnormal head posture(AHP), globe retraction, overshoots and the type of surgical approach were recorded.

RESULTS: The average age of patients was 15.4±9.18 years, and there were 78 males and 16 females. Unilateral and bilateral involvement were found in 87% and 13% of patients, respectively. In unilateral DRS patients, 65% left eyes predominance were observed. Of the 94 patients, 59.5% of the patients were type I, 29.7% of the patients were type II, 8.5% of the patients were type III and 2.1% of the patients were type IV. Most of the patients were 36(38%)esotropic and AHP over 10° was noted in 43(96%)patients, preoperatively. There were 40(43%)patients with overshoots which were more common in type II. Surgery was performed to 45(48%)patients.

CONCLUSION: An excellent surgical outcome was obtained in 32(78%)patients that underwent horizontal rectus surgery and AHP improved in 24(53%)patients. Y-splitting and posterior tenon fixation of lateral rectus both have satisfactory outcomes in the presence of significant overshoots. Foster augmentation with vertical rectus transposition achieved optimal results in abduction limitation.