Organ transplantation is the most effective method to treat end-stage organ failure. As the increase of transmission risk of donor-derived diseases, the quality, safety and selection criteria of transplanted organs become more and more important. Chapter 7 of the European Union's Guide to the Quality and Safety of Organs for Transplantation (6th Edition) proposed basic requirements in terms of donor and organ quality assessment, selection criteria and procedures, which were worthy of study and practice in clinical practice.

Communication with the family members of donors is an integral part of the organ donation and transplantation, and the core of it lies in building trust through interpersonal communication. Every word and deed from the communicator will directly affect the overall impression of family members of potential donors towards organ donation. Regardless of whether or not granted the donation ultimately, family members may share their personal experiences and feelings with friends and relatives around them, which develops a secondary dissemination. Therefore, "the choice of best candidate for communication with family members of organ donation" has been an issue that organ donation practitioners have been working on in clinical practice. Taking into consideration of the experiences from different countries or regions, various advices and practices on this issue have been proposed due to differences in social systems, cultural background, organizational structure, clinical practice, etc. In this paper, we had a discussion on this topic, summarize the difficulties currently encountered in communication with family members and propose corresponding strategies.

This paper summarized the operation cooperation and management of the first case of bilateral lung transplantation assisted with double extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the recipient with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in the world. The bilateral lung transplantation assisted by double ECMO had been accomplished successfully on a recipient with COVID-19, who was supported by ventilator and ECMO, with other organs function basically normal. The operation took 405 min and went smoothly. The cooperation and management guidelines of the operation room included the following: setting up of COVID-19 emergency operation group quickly; listing and preparing of the detailed operation supplies; transferring of the whole system of lung transplantation operating room in Wuxi People's Hospital to the Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital (isolation hospital); reconstruction of a negative pressure operating room for lung transplantation; formulating and strictly implementing the guidelines and management process for the operation of patient with COVID-19.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) may establish lifetime latency after initial invasion of the host, and liver transplant recipients may experience reactivation of latent infection during immunosuppression. HHV-6 infection in liver transplant recipients could lead to fever, hepatitis, encephalitis and graft dysfunction, and indirectly increases the risk of progression of liver fibrosis due to cytomegalovirus (CMV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. At present, the pathogenesis of HHV-6 infection after liver transplantation has not been systematically elucidated, and effective prevention and treatment strategies are still lacking. This article provided a review for the research progress on the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of HHV-6 infection after liver transplantation.

Klotho gene is an anti-aging gene that is highly expressed in the kidney. Its encoding product Klotho protein can inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress injury, and apoptosis in renal tissue. It is regarded as a renal protective protein and expected to be a new target for the treatment of renal diseases. This article reviewed the biological characteristics of Klotho and the protective effect of Klotho on renal graft function.

In recent years, with the gradual improvement of people's understanding of intestinal flora, exploring common complications after renal transplantation from the perspective of intestinal flora has become a research hotspot. Studies have demonstrated that the composition of the intestinal flora in renal transplant recipients has significant differences before and after surgery, and this difference is closely related to the occurrence and development of many complications after renal transplantation such as infection, rejection, diarrhea and so on, which could affect the prognosis of the recipients. This article reviewed the research progress on intestinal flora and renal transplantation in order to provide new treatment ideas and strategies for renal transplant recipients.

Inevitable ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurred in organ donation after citizen's death often results in delayed graft function (DGF) after renal transplantation. Although the incidence of DGF had reduced to some extent due to continuous hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) for renal graft using LifePort, DGF of renal graft remains a major clinical problem. In order to further reduce the incidence of DGF after renal transplantation, renal transplant surgeons should fully understand the role of continuous HMP in renal transplantation, continue to conduct more in-depth basic and applied research. This article mainly summarized the effect of continuous HMP on renal transplantation and its research progress.

Shortage of donor kidney is a major problem in renal transplantation. Accurate evaluation of donor kidney function may reduce the organ rejection rate and save more patients with uremia. Compared with pathological examination, detection of circulating molecular markers is more convenient in clinical application. In this article, the research progress on the markers of kidney injury, such as serum creatinine, serum cystatin C (Cys-C), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1) and interleukin -18 (IL-18), were briefly reviewed.

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in Hubei Province spread rapidly to many provinces and cities. As organ transplantation is in the stage of high-quality development in China, how to carry out organ donation and transplantation in a scientific and orderly manner during the severe epidemic, summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 on organ transplant recipients, and optimize the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment strategies of COVID-19 to ensure medical safety is essential to the development of organ transplantation and the treatment of the patients with end-stage organ failure as well as the overall situation of the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. Thus, based on the instructions of the National Health Committee, the guidelines are issued by several experts organized by Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association, providing help to the workers and managers of organ donation and transplantation in China. Approved by the Standing Committee of Branch of Organ Transplantation of Chinese Medical Association, the guidelines adopt the 'expert advice', 'prevention and control strategies' and 'guidance' published in China for reference, and will be revised upon changes of the further understanding of COVID-19 and epidemic control situation.

In December 2019, a number of cases of pneumonia with unknown causes were successively reported in multiple hospitals in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pathogen is a novel coronavirus, which can lead to novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and even threaten the patients' lives. In the following, the COVID-19 epidemic is spreading rapidly in many provinces and cities. It is particularly important to summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients and to optimize the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment strategies. Therefore, we organized Chinese experts in the field of organ transplantation to draft this article according to the characteristics of lung infection of SOT recipients and the characteristics of current COVID-19 by referring to relevant guidelines and specifications at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for transplant physicians in China. This management strategy will be revised at any time with the deepening understanding of the COVID-19 infection.