1.Some clinical features of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV/AIDS in the Institute of Clinical Medicine and Tropical Disease
Journal of Practical Medicine 2002;435(11):11-13
A retrospective study on 11 adult patients with HIV/AIDS in the Institute of Clinical Medicine and Tropical Disease during 1998 - 2000 has shown that average ages of patients was 26.486.68, patients with ages of 16-30 accounted for highest rate (72.5%), male patients accounted for 94.6%. HIV transmission among drug addicts was highest rate (62.2%). Rate of unemployment patients was 47.7%. The average duration of treatment within 15 days found in 73.9% of patients. The clinical feature included fever (65.8%), big nodules, cough and breathing difficulty (42.3%), weight loss (30.6%), skin and mucosal lesion (27%), diarrhea (25.2%), hepatomegaly (20.7%), throat fungus (19.8%), splenomegaly (10.8%), headache (10.8%), the opportunistic infections such as herpes zoster, dermatitis, tuberculosis.
Opportunistic Infections
;
HIV
;
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
;
diagnosis
3.Sugical treatment of mucositis and fungal infection in the acute leukemic patients
Won Suk HA ; Young Geun YE ; Jae Hong PARK ; Sung Un PYO ; Hyun Jung YUN ; Sang Hwa LEE
Journal of the Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 2006;28(2):172-177
diagnosis with fungal infection, one of opportunistic infections, is needed. This means treatment and prognosis can be changed according to the diagnosis. So the diagnostic process is more important in this hematopoietic disease patients. In case of fungal infection, the range of tissue damage can expand broadly, and also proper antifungal agent and surgical extirpation should be done. After operation, continuous antifungal therapy and observations are needed. We made a comparative study of following 2 cases of fungal infection appeared on the acute lymphatic leukemia patients to discuss what the proper surgical treatment and medications are, and when the proper surgical intervention time is.]]>
Diagnosis
;
Diagnosis, Differential
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Humans
;
Leukemia
;
Mouth Mucosa
;
Mucositis
;
Necrosis
;
Opportunistic Infections
;
Prognosis
;
Reference Values
4.A Case of Pelvic Actinomycosis Associated with Intrauterine Contraceptive Device.
Seung Hun LEE ; Jin Wan PARK ; Na Hye MYONG
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002;45(3):516-519
Actinomycosis is a subacute-to-chronic infection caused by gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria. Actino- mycetes reside in oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract as normal flora, but may provoke an opportunistic infection under certain circumstances, resulting in contiguous spread, suppurative and granu- lomatous inflammatory reaction, and formation of multiple abscesses. Abdominal and pelvic actinomycosis in women are related to a history of abdominal surgery or intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) insertion and have variable nonspecific symptoms that make an initial diagnosis difficult. We experienced a case of pelvic actinomycosis related to IUD that diagnosed pathologically after laparotomy.
Abscess
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Actinomycosis*
;
Bacteria, Anaerobic
;
Diagnosis
;
Female
;
Gastrointestinal Tract
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Humans
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Intrauterine Devices*
;
Laparotomy
;
Mouth
;
Opportunistic Infections
5.Tuberculous Abscess of the Graft in a Renal Transplant Recipient after Chronic Rejection: Case Report.
Seong Eun CHON ; Kwang Woong LEE ; Je Hoon PARK ; Jeong Han KIM ; Sung Joo KIM ; Ha Yeong OH ; Woo Sung HUH ; Yong Il KIM ; Suk Koo LEE ; Byung Boong LEE ; Jae Won JOH
The Journal of the Korean Society for Transplantation 2001;15(2):234-236
Tuberculosis is a significant opportunistic infection often found in transplant recipients. Although not common, tuberculosis has been known to develop in higher incidence among transplant recipients than in the general population. The diagnosis and treatment of the tuberculosis in transplant recipients are more complicated because of the side effects of antituberculous agents, their interaction with immunosuppressive drugs, and the higher incidence of atypical presentations with extrapulmonary disease. The patient in this report had no evidence of tuberculous infection anywhere through the body before the transplant. The course of disease was continuously devastating despite active antituberculosis therapy. Only after the transplant nephrectomy, patient's general condition improved. The authors report a patient with tuberculous abscess, developed in a renal allograft after chronic rejection.
Abscess*
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Allografts
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Diagnosis
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Humans
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Immunosuppression
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Incidence
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Nephrectomy
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Opportunistic Infections
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Transplantation*
;
Transplants*
;
Tuberculosis
6.Tuberculosis of the Spine: A new Understanding of an Old Disease.
Kee Yong HA ; Ki Tae NA ; Se Rine KEE ; Young Hoon KIM
Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery 2014;21(1):41-47
STUDY DESIGN: A review of related literatures of diagnosis and treatment of spinal tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to discuss treatment strategies by understanding of emerging problems related to spinal tuberculosis. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Owing to modern diagnostic modalities, development of prevention and chemotherapy, the incidences of tuberculosis infection including spinal tuberculosishave been decreasing. Moreover, these medical these improvements of medical and surgical treatments the improvement of surgical techniques for spinal tuberculosis reduced the incidence of kyphosis or neurologic complications such as Pott's paralysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of related literatures. RESULTS: Recently,the occurrence of multi-drug resistant strain, an increasing number of opportunistic infections and an atypical presentation in spinal tuberculosis are emerging as new challenges. CONCLUSIONS: An appropriate diagnosis and surgical interventions are our obligation as clinicians dealing with this unique infectious disease to minimize the complications for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.
Communicable Diseases
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Diagnosis
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Drug Therapy
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Incidence
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Kyphosis
;
Opportunistic Infections
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Paralysis
;
Spine*
;
Tuberculosis*
;
Tuberculosis, Spinal
7.Opportunistic diseases among HIV-infected patients: a multicenter-nationwide Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study, 2006 to 2013.
Youn Jeong KIM ; Jun Hee WOO ; Min Ja KIM ; Dae Won PARK ; Joon Young SONG ; Shin Woo KIM ; Jun Yong CHOI ; June Myung KIM ; Sang Hoon HAN ; Jin Soo LEE ; Bo Youl CHOI ; Joo Shil LEE ; Sung Soon KIM ; Mee Kyung KEE ; Moon Won KANG ; Sang Il KIM
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2016;31(5):953-960
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The frequencies of opportunistic diseases (ODs) vary across countries based on genetic, environmental, and social differences. The Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study was initiated in 2006 to promote research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Korea, and to provide a logistical network to support multicenter projects on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of HIV infection. This study evaluated the prevalence of ODs among HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and the risk factors associated with ODs. METHODS: The study enrolled 1,086 HIV-infected patients from 19 hospitals. This study examined the baseline data of the HIV/AIDS Korean cohort study at the time of enrollment from December 2006 to July 2013. RESULTS: Candidiasis was the most prevalent opportunistic infection (n = 176, 16.2%), followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (n = 120, 10.9%), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (n = 121, 11.0%), cytomegalovirus infection (n = 52, 4.7%), and herpes zoster (n = 44, 4.0%). The prevalence rates of Kaposi’s sarcoma (n = 8, 0.7%) and toxoplasmosis (n = 4, 0.4%) were very low compared with other countries. The risk factors for ODs were a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; p < 0.01), current smoking (OR, 2.27; p = 0.01), current alcohol use (OR, 2.57; p = 0.04), and a history of tuberculosis (OR, 5.23; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Using recent Korean nationwide data, this study demonstrated that an important predictor of ODs was a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis. Tuberculosis remains one of the most important ODs in HIV-infected patients in Korea.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
;
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
;
Candidiasis
;
Cell Count
;
Cohort Studies*
;
Cytomegalovirus Infections
;
Diagnosis
;
Herpes Zoster
;
HIV
;
HIV Infections
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
;
Opportunistic Infections
;
Pneumocystis jirovecii
;
Pneumonia
;
Prevalence
;
Risk Factors
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Sarcoma
;
Smoke
;
Smoking
;
Toxoplasmosis
;
Tuberculosis
8.A Case of Nocardia asteroides Isolated from Subcutaneous Abscess in a Pneumonic Patient with a Rejected Transplant Kidney.
Eun Hee KWON ; Nan Young LEE ; Kyung Eun SONG ; Jang Soo SUH ; Won Kil LEE
Korean Journal of Clinical Pathology 2002;22(2):101-104
Opportunistic infections are common after a renal transplant as a result of immunosuppression. Nocardiosis is a rare but important cause of morbidity and mortality among renal transplant recipi-ents. Nocardiosis is a localized or disseminated infection, which is usually introduced through the respiratory tract resulting in pneumonia, and may develop a disseminated infection, in particular a subcutaneous abscess and/or central nervous system infection. Because effective therapy for these nocardiosis is available, an accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial. However, nocardiosis is an infrequent disease and many physicians are unfamiliar to it. In addition, in the laboratory, cul-tures may be discarded too early, which often delays an early diagnosis and treatment. The authors isolated Nocardia asteroides from an abscess of the skin in a rejected renal allograft patient suffering pneumonia. The patient was successfully treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxa-zole.
Abscess*
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Allografts
;
Central Nervous System Infections
;
Diagnosis
;
Early Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Immunosuppression
;
Kidney*
;
Mortality
;
Nocardia asteroides*
;
Nocardia Infections
;
Nocardia*
;
Opportunistic Infections
;
Pneumonia
;
Respiratory System
;
Skin
10.A Case with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated with Multifocal Osteoarticular Tuberculosis.
Seong Ho YOON ; Yong Eun KWON ; Dong Gyu KIM ; Gwang Sik HEO ; Sang Yong KIM ; Hee Kwan KOH ; Seung Myung LEE
The Journal of the Korean Rheumatism Association 2000;7(3):274-279
Infection is a frequent problem in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Infections contribute greatly to the morbidity of patients and are one of the commonest causes of death. The high frequency and unusual spectrum of infections can be attributed to the multiple disturbances of immune function in SLE in combination with the effects of immunosuppressive therapy. There is increasing evidence to indicate that opportunistic infections including tuberculosis make a large contribution to the infectious mortality in SLE. Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in our country where tuberculosis is still endemic. The indolent nature of tuberculous bone and joint disease often leads to delayed or missed diagnosis, sometimes with devastating consequences for the patient. We report a case of multifocal and complicated osteoarticular tuberculosis developing in the spines and knee joint due to delayed diagnosis, with review of literatures.
Cause of Death
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Delayed Diagnosis
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Joint Diseases
;
Knee Joint
;
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
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Mortality
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Opportunistic Infections
;
Spine
;
Tuberculosis
;
Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular*