Over the years, the use of statistics to evaluate experimental data in ophthalmology has increased. The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency and types of statistical techniques, especially multivariate analysis used in ophthalmic jouranal. Seventy three of 202 articles from the Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society published in 1993 contained inference statistics. While only nine among 73 articles(12.3%) contained multivariate analysis in the Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society, 47 among 123 articles(38.2%) in Ophthalmololgy. This difference in frequency was statistically significant(Chi-square, p=0.003). The author suggest that ophthalmologists should learn more about statistical technique for better understanding of current articles and for production of refined data analysis.
Multivariate Analysis* ; Ophthalmology ; Statistics as Topic

This article demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of setting up the ophthalmology information management system. It expounds the system's configuration, main functions and hardware, especially the key designing points of the information interfaces.
Management Information Systems ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized ; Ophthalmology ; statistics & numerical data ; Software ; Software Design

Among 8,796 patients seen in the department of ophthalmology Yonsei University Medical Center from August 1. 1965 to July 31, 1968 there were 1,919 who were seen because of refractive error. These were selected for classification and special statistical study. In 1962 we reported a similar study of 2,004 patients having errors in refraction among a total of 9,716 patients seen in the same department from August 1. 1958 to July 31. 1961. The findings of the more recently studied group are compared with the study made in 1962. 1. 1,919 out of 8.796 patients seen in the department of ophthalmology had errors in refraction (21.8%). 2. 2,932(76.3%) had refractive error of the myopic (including simple myopic astigmatism) type. 740(19.4%) were hyperopic (had simple hyperopic astigmatism). The others had a mixed astigmatism. 3. 56.5% of the total group studied had astigmatism. 4. The highest incidence of refractive errors was found between 11 and 20 years of age. The older patients had a low incidence. 5. There was no relationship between sex and the incidence of refractive error. 6. Among the total number of refractive errors 55.9% were found to be in myopic patients who had less than a -3.00 diopter error. 18.9% were found among hyperopic patients who had less than a +3.00 diopter error. 7. Among the three types of astigmatic errors seen 970 cases(44.7%) were "with the rule"; 864 cases(39.8%) were "against the rule"; and 336 cases (15.5%) were "oblique". 8. 9.6% of the total refractive errors were those of different types of anisometropia. The most commanly seen type was that of compound myopic anisometropia. The next type seen was compound hypo eropic anisometropia and the least frequently seen type was mixed anisometropia. 9. When the results of the present study were compared with those found in 1962 there were no significant differences found between the two groups.
Academic Medical Centers ; Anisometropia ; Astigmatism ; Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ophthalmology ; Refractive Errors ; Statistics as Topic

Among 8, 350 patients seen in the department of ophthalmology, Yonsei University Medical Center from August 1, 1968 to July 31, 1971 there were 2,313 who were seen because of refractive error. These were selected for classification and special statistical study. We reported two similar studies of 2,004 patients having errors in refraction among a total of 9,716 patients seen from August 1, 1958 to July 31, 1961 and 1,919 patients having errors in refraction among a total of 8,796 patients from August 1, 1965 to July 31, 1968 seen in the same department in 1962 and 1968 respectively. The finding of the more recently studied groups are compared with the studies made in 1962 and 1968. 1. 2,313 out of 8,350 patients seen in the department of ophthalmology had errors in refraction (27.7%). 2. 2,949 cases (63.8%) had refractive errors of the myopic type. 626 cases (13.5%) were hyperopic. The others had a simple and a mixed astigmatism. 3. 61.2% of the total group studied had astigmatism. 4. The highest incidence of refractive errors was found between 11 and 20 years of age The older patients had a low incidence. 5. Among the total number of refractive errors 56.3% were found to be in myopic patients who had less than a -3.00 diopters error. 16.8% were found among hyperopic patients who had less than a +3.00 diopters error. 6. Among the three types of astigmatic error seen 1,507 cases (53.2%) were "with the rule", 872 cases (30.8%) were "against the rule", and 456 cases (16.0%) were "oblique". 7. 6.9% of the total refractive errors were those of different types of anisometropia. The most commonly seen type was that of compound myopic anisometropia. The next type seen was simple myopic anisometropia and the least frequently seen type was compound hyperopic anisometropia. 8. When the results of the present study were compared with those found in 1962 and 1968 there are no significant difference between these three groups.
Academic Medical Centers ; Anisometropia ; Astigmatism ; Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ophthalmology ; Refractive Errors ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This purpose of this report was to study trends in cataract and refractive surgeries conducted during the past twelve years and to compare results to previous reports from the ASCRS and New Zealand (NZ) in order to forecast future medical services. METHODS: We surveyed members of the Korean Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (KSCRS) every year from 1995 to 2006, and studied changes in cataract and refractive surgeries (RS). RESULTS: The duration of hospitalization has been gradually decreasing to the point that a one day hospitalization following surgery has become common. The rate of topical anesthesia use has significantly increased since 1998. Sutureless incision methods are now commonly practiced. The use of acryl IOL as an optic material has been gradually increasing for cataract surgeries. KSCRS members showed an interest in the special intraocular lenses as multifocal IOL. While Excimer laser PRK was the most popular refractive surgery during the first stage, KSCRS members increasingly prefer LASIK to the Excimer laser PRK. Regression of the corrected visual acuity, dry eye, night halo, and flashes were the most common complications following refractive surgeries. Medical disputes related to PRK and LASIK have been gradually increasing throughout the study period. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that the KSCRS practice styles for cataract and RS are similar to those of the ASCRS and NZ. We infer a world-wide trend from the comparison of these three societies.
Adult ; Cataract Extraction/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Laser Therapy/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Lasers, Excimer ; Lenses, Intraocular/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmology/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Photorefractive Keratectomy/statistics & numerical data/trends ; Professional Practice/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Questionnaires ; Refractive Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data/*trends ; Republic of Korea ; Societies, Medical

The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national program designed to assess the health and nutritional status of the noninstitutionalized population of South Korea. The KNHANES was initiated in 1998 and has been conducted annually since 2007. Starting in the latter half of 2008, ophthalmologic examinations were included in the survey in order to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of common eye diseases such as visual impairment, refractive errors, strabismus, blepharoptosis, cataract, pterygium, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, dry eye disease, and color vision deficiency. The measurements included in the ophthalmic questionnaire and examination methods were modified in the KNHANES IV, V, and VI. In this article, we provide detailed information about the methodology of the ophthalmic examinations in KNHANES in order to aid in further investigations related to major eye diseases in South Korea.
*Epidemiologic Methods ; Eye Diseases/*epidemiology ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys/*statistics & numerical data ; Ophthalmology/*methods ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; *Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Anterior Polar Cataract (APC) develops by a mechanism different from that of other age-related cataracts, and outside of Korea, it is an extremely rare condition. We investigated the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of APC in Koreans. METHODS: The evaluation on the prevalence of APC in comparison to the other age-related cataracts was performed on the 2,108 cataract patients who were treated at 5 different areas in Korea from August 2003 to December 2003. The demographic characteristics of APC were studied on the, 656 cataract patients who were treated from January 2004 to January 2005 at one hospital. These patients were classified according to the type of lens opacity (nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular, mixed and APC). RESULTS: The prevalence of patients with APC among all the cataract patients was 6.02% during the 5 months in this hospital-based study. Eighty-seven per cent of patients with APC were male. In contrast, the proportion of female was greater than 50% in the other cataracts. The mean age of APC patients was 52.7 years. Among the APC patients, 38.9% were under 50 years of age, 42.6% in their 50s, 14.8% in their 60s, and 3.7% were in their 70s. However, 80% of patients were over the age of 60 years in nuclear, cortical, and mixed-type cataracts. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of APC among all cataracts was high in comparision with another country. The proportion of APC was high in individuals younger than 60 years of age, and in males.
Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cataract/classification/*epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitals, General/*statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmology/statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Sex Distribution