PURPOSE: We wanted to compare the clinical outcomes after osteochondral autologous transplantation (OAT) and arthroscopic microfracture for treating of osteochondral lesions of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 12 cases (12 patients) of arthroscopic microfracture and 10 cases (9 patients) of OAT. The mean patient ages were 33.5 years in the microfracture group and 31.3 years in the OAT group. The mean follow-up period was 31.1 months. The mean lesion sizes were 12.9x17.4 mm in the microfracture group and 16.1x21.4 mm in the OAT group. We compared clinical results using the Tegner activity score, the Lysholm knee scoring scale, the IKDC and the VAS. MRI was used to determine the recovery of the osteochondral lesions at last follow-up. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for the Tegner Activity Score. Regarding the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, the OAT group had a better overall score than did the microfracture group (p<0.05). Both groups had similar results for the IKDC and VAS. The MRI at the last follow-up showed cartilage recovery in 53% of the microfracture cases (compared to the surrounding cartilage) and in 96.1% of the OAT cases. CONCLUSION: Microfracture and OAT both offered good clinical results when used to treat active persons in the 3rd or 4th decades of life and who have osteochondral lesions of the knee. However, OAT led to better cartilage recovery on MRI, as well as to better functional results. Therefore, OAT is the recommended method of treatment.
Avena ; Cartilage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Transplantation, Autologous

Tailgut cysts (TGCs) are rare congenital cysts that occur in the retrorectal or presacral spaces. Although most tailgut cysts have been reported as benign, there have been at least 9 cases associated with malignant change. We report herein on an unusual case of a 40-year-old woman with a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) -producing adenocarcinoma arising within a TGC who underwent surgical resection and local radiation therapy. Despite the complete resection, metastatic adenocarcinoma developed five months after surgery. CEA-producing adenocarcinoma from a TGC is extremely rare and only two cases, including this case, have been reported in the English medical literature. Besides CEA, the serum levels of CA 19-9 became markedly elevated in this patient. Given that the serum CEA level decreased to the normal range after complete resection of tumor and that the tumor recurrence was associated with a rebound of the CEA serum level, our case shows that serial measurements of serum CEA can be used for treatment planning and for assessing the patient's treatment response for this rare disease.
Adenocarcinoma/blood/pathology/*therapy ; Adult ; CA-19-9 Antigen/blood ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen/*blood ; Cysts/blood/pathology/*therapy ; Female ; Hamartoma/blood/pathology/*therapy ; Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms/blood/pathology/*therapy ; Sacrococcygeal Region

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of obesity in Korean men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) and the associated risk factors for obesity and hyperglycemia. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively from medical records from 11 university hospitals in Korea between 1994 and 2014. Subjects aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed KS were enrolled. The following parameters were recorded at baseline before treatment: chief complaint, height, weight, fasting glucose level, lipid panel, blood pressure, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, karyotyping patterns, and history of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS: Data were analyzed from 376 of 544 initially enrolled patients. The rate of the 47 XXY chromosomal pattern was 94.1%. The prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m²) in Korean men with KS was 42.6%. The testosterone level was an independent risk factor for obesity and hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION: Obesity is common in Korean men with KS. Hypogonadism in patients with KS was associated with obesity and hyperglycemia.
Blood Pressure ; Dyslipidemias ; Fasting ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Glucose ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia* ; Hypertension ; Hypogonadism ; Karyotyping ; Klinefelter Syndrome* ; Korea ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Male ; Medical Records ; Obesity* ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Testosterone

OBJECTIVE: Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) represents a group of inherited movement disorders characterized by iron accumulation in the basal ganglia. Recent advances have included the identification of new causative genes and highlighted the wide phenotypic variation between and within the specific NBIA subtypes. This study aimed to investigate the current status of NBIA in Korea. METHODS: We collected genetically confirmed NBIA patients from twelve nationwide referral hospitals and from a review of the literature. We conducted a study to describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Korean adults with atypical pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN). RESULTS: Four subtypes of NBIA including PKAN (n = 30), PLA2G6-related neurodegeneration (n = 2), beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (n = 1), and aceruloplasminemia (n = 1) have been identified in the Korean population. The clinical features of fifteen adults with atypical PKAN included early focal limb dystonia, parkinsonism-predominant feature, oromandibular dystonia, and isolated freezing of gait (FOG). Patients with a higher age of onset tended to present with parkinsonism and FOG. The p.R440P and p.D378G mutations are two major mutations that represent approximately 50% of the mutated alleles. Although there were no specific genotype-phenotype correlations, most patients carrying the p.D378G mutation had a late-onset, atypical form of PKAN. CONCLUSIONS: We found considerable phenotypic heterogeneity in Korean adults with atypical PKAN. The age of onset may influence the presentation of extrapyramidal symptoms.
Adult ; Age of Onset ; Alleles ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Dystonia ; Freezing ; Gait ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Association Studies ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea ; Movement Disorders ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration* ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Phenotype ; Population Characteristics* ; Referral and Consultation ; Weather