Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromato-graphic method for determining the concentration of baicalin in healthy volunteers.Methods The assay was conducted on the Agilent HC-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm)column with methanol-acetonitrile-phosphoric acid (47 ∶ 53∶0.2)as the mobile phase.The detection wave length was set at 280 nm,and wogonin was taken as the internal standard.Results The linearity range was 0.25～ 12.0 μg/ml with a regressive equation of Y=0.0094 C-0.00175 (r=0.9997).The recovery was above 80％,with both intra-day RSD and inter-day RSD below 10％.Conclusion The method was convenient,rapid,accurate,and suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of baicalin and monitoring its concentration of clinical application.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common defect in human.The genetic basis of CHD is rather complicated.Chromosome aberrations,single gene disorders and polygenic disorders are three known genetic mechanisms that are responsible for cardiac malformations.Recently,with the application and development of molecular genetic approaches in CHD,significant advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of cardiac malformations are being made.

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis*

Hemostatic experiments were taken by melting the Fugu gelatin with calcium chloride powder on the femoral artery bleeding of the laboratory animals. The powder prescription Gel-B showed better and more effects on stopping the femoral arterial hemorrhage than that of A-25, A-7 hemostats and gauge hemostat, with repetiton rate 87.03% at 6 minutes. There were no allergeic and poisoning reactions on experiments animals.

Concerning the principal individual medical financing responsibility,Singapore provided well medical insurance for low-income groups through the general shared medical subsidy system and the medical assistance system based on income examination.Based on the whole framework of medical insurance system,it analyzed the structure and main content of the all-dimension and multi-tiered medical assistance system in Singapore.It provided references for the medical assistance development in China,including rationally define the scope of medical assistance,respond the outpatient demand and adjust the ageing social development;implementing designated medical institutions treatment systems,especial for primary institutions:introducing social forces during the management of medical assistance.

Pulmonary embolism or pulmonary vein thrombosis is rare in children but does occur.Compare to adults,the vast majority of children with PE have risk factors.The clinical manifestation includes shortness of breath,pleuritic chest pain,and hemoptysis,however,which are not specific.The majority of evidence for treatments in the pediatric population is extrapolated from adult populations; the choice of treatment should be guided by risks and benefits,underlying disease,and especially,the hemodynamic stability of the patient.This article reviews the current knowledge of pulmonary embolism and pulmonary vein thrombosis in the pediatric population,summarizing its characteristics from epidemiological aspects to diagnostic and therapeutic relevant issues.

Objective To study the impacts of health insurance schemes on the equity of health services access and the financial protection for disease risk exposure of the elderly population.Methods The descriptive statistics method and econometrics models.Results Full coverage of the health insurance fails to eliminate the inequity in health services access.For example,the two-week clinical visit rate and hospitalization rate of the high-income group are 1.57 and 1.21 times higher than those of the low-income group;the disease risk economic protection function of the health insurance falls below requirement,as the out-of-pocket ratio is as high as 30%~40%;the security for urban workers is far better than urban residents,as the utilization level of outpatient service and hospitalization service of senior workers are 1.18 and 1.33 times that of senior urban residents respectively.Conclusion Despite the full population coverage of health insurance schemes,it is a long way to go before the goal of universal health coverage. Future reforms should aim at filling the financial gaps between different health insurance schemes.

Objective To identify the changes in proliferative activity and cytotoxicity of lymphokine activated killer(LAK) cells after in vitro co-culture with dendritic cells from umbilical cord blood(CBDC). Methods CBDCs were induced by using GM-CSF and IL-4,and then co-cultrued with allogenic LAK at different proportions.Proliferative activity and cytotoxicity of LAK cells were measured by MTT assay.Results The typical CBDCs were induced in vitro,and the cultured CBDCs stimulated the proliferation and cytotoxicity of LAK cells.The optimal proportion of CBDC and LAK was 1:10,at which the activated LAK showed the highest cytotoxic effect on the tumor cells.Conclusion The CBDCs can enhance the proliferation and cytotoxicity of LAK cells.

AIM: The metabolites of scutellarin were studied in gastrointestinal tract.METHODS: Scutellarin was hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and ?-glucuronidase.Human intestinal flora and scutellarin were incubated in vitro.The metabolites were identified by UPLC-MS/MS method.RESULTS: Scutellarin could be hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid and ?-glucuronidase,and could be metabolized by human intestinal bacteria.A main metabolite,scutellarein,also was found in the plasma of healthy volunteers after oral administration.CONCLUSION: There were scutellarin and scutellarein in intestinal before absorption.It was suitable for scutellarin pharmacokinetic studies to determine scutellarein or total aglycone.

Objective:To evaluate the effect and toxic side-effect of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin(TP regiment) chemotherapy in treatment of pulmonary metastasis tumor.Methods:Forty tumor patients with pulmonary metastasis accepted chemotherapy by paclitaxel 135mg/m~2 infusion intravenous on d1,and cisplatin 25mg/m~2 daily on d2～4.Each treatment cycle was four weeks.Each patient received more than 2 courses of treatment.Results:In 40 patients,7 were with complete response (17.5%)and 18 were with partial response(45%),the complete remission and partial remission(CR+PR)was 62.5%;The disease kept stable in 11 case(27.5%)and progressed in 4 case(10%).The median time to tumor progression was 6.0months, and the median actuarial survival was10.0 months.The most common toxic side-effects were myelosuppression and alopecia. Conclusion:The combined chemotherapy of paclitaxel and cisplatin is good short-term efficacy in treatment of pulmonary metastasis tumor.The toxic side-effects are tolerable and mild.