PURPOSE: This study was to determine the impacts of traumatic events and resilience on the professional quality of life (ProQoL) among clinical nurses. METHODS: In this cross-sectional correlational descriptive study, 325 nurses completed questionnaires of traumatic events, resilience, and ProQoL consisted of compassion satisfaction (CS) and compassion fatigue (CF). Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: Traumatic events positively correlated with CF. Resilience positively correlated with CS and negatively correlated with CF. In this study, multivariate analysis showed that traumatic events and resilience explained 24% of the variance in CS and 7% of the variance in CF. CONCLUSION: A nursing education to enhance resilience and recognition of CS and CF from stressful work-related traumatic events may benefit to improve the professional quality of life for clinical nurses.
Compassion Fatigue ; Education, Nursing ; Empathy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between the difficulty of end-of-life care and moral distress, burnout and job satisfaction of nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted using self-report questionnaires. Participants were nurses who had more than one year of ICU experience and were recruited from three university hospitals (N=168). RESULTS: The mean scores for ICU nurses' difficulty in end-of-life care, moral distress, burnout and job satisfaction were 3.42, 113.88, 3.16 and 2.58 points, respectively. Difficulty in end-of-life care was positively correlated with moral distress (r=.48, p < .001) and burnout (r=.26, p=.001) and was negatively correlated with job satisfaction (r=−.17, p=.024). Difficulties in end-of-life was identified as a predictor of moral distress (β=.44, p < .001), burnout (β=.26, p=.001) and job satisfaction (β=−.18, p=.024). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest the following: it is important to have a deep understanding of ICU nurses who experience various difficulties in end-of-life care and to provide realist support for these nurses. And practical efforts by nursing organizations are needed, including support systems and education programs to alleviate ICU nurses' difficulties in end-of-life care.
Education ; Hospitals, University ; Intensive Care Units ; Job Satisfaction ; Nursing ; Terminal Care

Recently, several attempts have been made to integrate AI into the field of dentistry. To overcome the limitations of traditionalfixed prosthetic fabrication methods such as CAD-CAM (computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing), AI programs arebeing developed for automated crown fabrication, and various studies are underway to applicate in clinical situation. In these casestudies, single-unit fixed prostheses were fabricated using an AI program (Dentbird Crown, Imagoworks Inc, Seoul, Korea) in boththe anterior and posterior regions and the fabrication time and accuracy were compared with previously used CAD-CAM method.The first case is a 44-year-old woman who presented for re-fabrication of a zirconia prosthesis due to a prosthesis fracture on thelingual side of the upper right lateral incisor. The second case is a 53-year-old male patient who presented for a crown restorationon an upper left first molar following root canal treatment, where he received a final zirconia restoration. In both cases, the firstprosthesis was designed manually using a CAD program, the second prosthesis was designed using AI alone, and the third prosthesis was designed using AI and then modified by CAD program, and the three designs were superimposed to compare suitability. When evaluated after temporary placement, the final prosthesis demonstrates adequate stability, retention and support, resulting in functional and esthetic satisfaction.

Recently, several attempts have been made to integrate AI into the field of dentistry. To overcome the limitations of traditionalfixed prosthetic fabrication methods such as CAD-CAM (computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing), AI programs arebeing developed for automated crown fabrication, and various studies are underway to applicate in clinical situation. In these casestudies, single-unit fixed prostheses were fabricated using an AI program (Dentbird Crown, Imagoworks Inc, Seoul, Korea) in boththe anterior and posterior regions and the fabrication time and accuracy were compared with previously used CAD-CAM method.The first case is a 44-year-old woman who presented for re-fabrication of a zirconia prosthesis due to a prosthesis fracture on thelingual side of the upper right lateral incisor. The second case is a 53-year-old male patient who presented for a crown restorationon an upper left first molar following root canal treatment, where he received a final zirconia restoration. In both cases, the firstprosthesis was designed manually using a CAD program, the second prosthesis was designed using AI alone, and the third prosthesis was designed using AI and then modified by CAD program, and the three designs were superimposed to compare suitability. When evaluated after temporary placement, the final prosthesis demonstrates adequate stability, retention and support, resulting in functional and esthetic satisfaction.

Recently, several attempts have been made to integrate AI into the field of dentistry. To overcome the limitations of traditionalfixed prosthetic fabrication methods such as CAD-CAM (computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing), AI programs arebeing developed for automated crown fabrication, and various studies are underway to applicate in clinical situation. In these casestudies, single-unit fixed prostheses were fabricated using an AI program (Dentbird Crown, Imagoworks Inc, Seoul, Korea) in boththe anterior and posterior regions and the fabrication time and accuracy were compared with previously used CAD-CAM method.The first case is a 44-year-old woman who presented for re-fabrication of a zirconia prosthesis due to a prosthesis fracture on thelingual side of the upper right lateral incisor. The second case is a 53-year-old male patient who presented for a crown restorationon an upper left first molar following root canal treatment, where he received a final zirconia restoration. In both cases, the firstprosthesis was designed manually using a CAD program, the second prosthesis was designed using AI alone, and the third prosthesis was designed using AI and then modified by CAD program, and the three designs were superimposed to compare suitability. When evaluated after temporary placement, the final prosthesis demonstrates adequate stability, retention and support, resulting in functional and esthetic satisfaction.

No abstract available.
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent* ; Endarteritis*

Syndesmotic injuries are found frequently in clinical practice, and they remain controversial because of the variety of diagnostic techniques and management options. Bony avulsions or malleolar fractures are commonly associated with syndesmotic disruptions. Even unstable isolated syndesmosis injuries are associated with a latent or frank tibiofibular diastasis and should not be ignored in the early phase. A relevant instability of the syndesmosis with diastasis results from collateral ligaments tears and requires operative stabilization.The treatment involves an anatomic reduction of the distal tibiofibular articulations followed by stable fixation. Syndesmotic transfixation screws or suture button implants are being proposed as a means of fixation. Recently, suture button fixation has shown more favorable outcomes, but the outcomes can still be controversial. Syndesmotic malreduction can lead to hardware failure, adhesions, heterotopic ossification, tibiofibular synostosis, chronic instability, and posttraumatic arthritis. In particular, the correct diagnosis and evidencebased treatment options for unstable syndesmotic injury should be considered.

Background: This study used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey of Korean adolescents to determine the current trends insecondhand smoke (SHS) among adolescents and to identify the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms. Methods: This study employed data that were extracted from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2021 andfinally analyzed data from 54,848 adolescents. Oral symptoms were classified into three classes to analyze subjective oral symptoms: Class I for tooth pain when eating or drinking hot or cold foods; Class II for throbbing tooth pain; and Class III for sore or bleeding gums during the recent 12 months. The frequency and place of SHS per week were analyzed for SHS variables. The analysis plan file was created by reflecting weight, stratification variables, and cluster variables for analysis. Results: Among the adolescents, 53.2% were exposed to SHS at least once a week, of which 23.3%, 7.9%, and 40.0% wereexposed at home, school, and in public indoor places. Subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III were associated with sex, grade, educational level of their fathers and mothers, subjective economic class, and subject academic class. Compared to a group not exposed to SHS, the risk of subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III was significantly higher in those who were exposed to SHS at least once a week. Conclusion This study identified the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms among adolescents.Factors for SHS should be considered to prevent oral symptoms among adolescents, and plans that can control SHS of adolescents should be established.

Background: This study used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey of Korean adolescents to determine the current trends insecondhand smoke (SHS) among adolescents and to identify the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms. Methods: This study employed data that were extracted from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2021 andfinally analyzed data from 54,848 adolescents. Oral symptoms were classified into three classes to analyze subjective oral symptoms: Class I for tooth pain when eating or drinking hot or cold foods; Class II for throbbing tooth pain; and Class III for sore or bleeding gums during the recent 12 months. The frequency and place of SHS per week were analyzed for SHS variables. The analysis plan file was created by reflecting weight, stratification variables, and cluster variables for analysis. Results: Among the adolescents, 53.2% were exposed to SHS at least once a week, of which 23.3%, 7.9%, and 40.0% wereexposed at home, school, and in public indoor places. Subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III were associated with sex, grade, educational level of their fathers and mothers, subjective economic class, and subject academic class. Compared to a group not exposed to SHS, the risk of subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III was significantly higher in those who were exposed to SHS at least once a week. Conclusion This study identified the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms among adolescents.Factors for SHS should be considered to prevent oral symptoms among adolescents, and plans that can control SHS of adolescents should be established.

Background: This study used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey of Korean adolescents to determine the current trends insecondhand smoke (SHS) among adolescents and to identify the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms. Methods: This study employed data that were extracted from the 17th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2021 andfinally analyzed data from 54,848 adolescents. Oral symptoms were classified into three classes to analyze subjective oral symptoms: Class I for tooth pain when eating or drinking hot or cold foods; Class II for throbbing tooth pain; and Class III for sore or bleeding gums during the recent 12 months. The frequency and place of SHS per week were analyzed for SHS variables. The analysis plan file was created by reflecting weight, stratification variables, and cluster variables for analysis. Results: Among the adolescents, 53.2% were exposed to SHS at least once a week, of which 23.3%, 7.9%, and 40.0% wereexposed at home, school, and in public indoor places. Subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III were associated with sex, grade, educational level of their fathers and mothers, subjective economic class, and subject academic class. Compared to a group not exposed to SHS, the risk of subjective oral symptom classes I, II, and III was significantly higher in those who were exposed to SHS at least once a week. Conclusion This study identified the association between the level of exposure to SHS and oral symptoms among adolescents.Factors for SHS should be considered to prevent oral symptoms among adolescents, and plans that can control SHS of adolescents should be established.