BACKGROUND: This is a study of the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which shows high mortality worldwide, and the effects of smoking on COPD by using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V. METHODS: FEV1/FEV6<0.73 was used as a diagnostic criterion of COPD. Frequency analysis for prevalence, descriptive statistics for general characteristics and ventilation rate according to age-specifications, and complex sample logistic regression analysis for the effect of smoking on COPD prevalence were used. IBM SPSS Statistics 21 Standard, Complex Samples for Medical Science(Windows) was used for data analysis(alpha=0.05). RESULTS: Prevalence of COPD was 11.6+/-0.5% of Koreans in their forties or over, and 17.5+/-0.8% in males, and 6.2+/-0.5% in females. There was significant increase of COPD prevalence with age increment. Before adjusting for age and smoking index(SI), the COPD possibilities of past and current-smokers compared with non-smoking males were (odds ratio [OR] 2.112 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.551-2.875]) and (OR 1.834 [95% CI 1.319-2.551]) respectively. After adjustments with age and SI, the COPD possibility of current-smoking was 2.099 (1.382-3.188) times higher and for past-smoking was 1.463 (1.012-2.115) times higher than non-smoking. The P-value of each group was significant. The regression coefficients (B) of current-smoking and past-smoking were 0.741 and 0.380 respectively. The prevalence of COPD increased 1.102 (1.090-1.115) times for every 1 year of age increase, and 1.012 (1.007-1.018) times for every 1 SI increase (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for age and SI, the prevalence of COPD in smokers was higher than non-smokers. And current-smoking had a higher OR and higher B than past-smoking.
Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mortality ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Prevalence* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Radionuclide Imaging*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Quality of Life* ; Self Care*

No abstract available.
Delivery of Health Care ; Informatics

The loss of a limb results in major disability and psychological trauma to the affected individual. Amputees of dysvascular origin usually have multiple co-morbidities and their complicated post-operative course frequently leads to a prolonged hospitalisation or a subsequent amputation in a higher level of the limb. The integrated comprehensive approach by a interdisciplinary team in post-operative management starts immediately after a limb amputation to assure successful surgical and functional outcomes. The programme comprises a variety of medical and rehabilitation aspects: to control acute medical co-morbidities, evaluate and alleviate different types of pain, optimal wound care, condition the residual limb to be well-fitted with a prosthesis, address patient’s functional goals and achieve maximal independence in mobility and self care, coach ideal coping skills and provide psychosocial support, and educate patient and family about risk factor modulation and residual limb care. Aggressive oedema control and early mobilisation became standardised practice in post-amputation care in view of a number of advantages.
Lower extremity - Surgery

To determine the prevalence of lymphoid follicles in Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) positive and negative gastritis and its relationship to age, biopsy site, gastritis activity, degree of gastritis, number of H. pylori and gastritis score in H. pylori associated gastritis, we examined the gastric tissue of patients with 121 nonulcer dyspepsia and 99 peptic ulcers. The gastritis score was obtained by adding together the figures for gastritis degree, gastritis activity and number of H. pylori. H. pylori was detected in 75.2% of nonulcer dyspepsia, 84.5% of gastric ulcers and 90.3% of duodenal ulcers. Lymphoid follicles were found in 63.3% of H. pylori associated gastritis and 4.7% of H. pylori negative gastritis, and there was a strong relationship between the prevalence of lymphoid follicles and H. pylori infection(P<0.01). Lymphoid follicles were found in 100% of H. pylori associated gastritis, showing severe chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, and strong relationship between the prevalene of lymphoid follicles and the degree of gastritis (P<0.01). There was no significant difference among lymphoid follicles, age, biopsy site, clinical diagnosis, gastritis activity and number of H. pylori. Lymphoid follicles were found in 58.3% of gastritis score 4, 67.6% of gastritis score 7 and 100% of gastritis score 9, and there was significant correlation between the prevalence of lymphoid follicles and a gastritis score(P<0.01, R=0.85). In summary, gastric lymphoid follicle is significantly associated with H. pylori infection and its presence in H. pylori associated gastritis is related to chronic inflammatory cell infiltration.
Humans ; Biopsy

Authors were observing a case of infection with Thelazia callipaeda in Korean girl, on 11th Sep. in 1971. The case was 23 years old Korean girl who visited with the complaints of foreign body sensation and lacrimation in right eye. The worm had slender creamy white which was fixed in 10 percent formaline solution. The worm is 10.5mm in length, 0.5mm in body diameter. The oral end in provided with a chitinoid capsule. Esophagus moderately short, tail blunt, poserior extremity had a distinctly recurved. Spicules dissimilar, left spicule is 0.1mm in length, and right spicule is 0.08 mm in length.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-Thelazia callipaeda ; case report