OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the 5-year clinical performance of occlusal carious restorations using nanofill and microhybrid composites, in combination with 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesives, in patients who were going to commence orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 118 restorations for occlusal caries were conducted prior to orthodontic treatment. Occlusal restorations were performed both with Filtek Supreme XT (3M ESPE) and Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE) before beginning orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic bands. Restorations were clinically evaluated at baseline and at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5-year recalls. RESULTS: None of the microhybrid (Filtek Z250) and nanofill (Filtek Supreme XT) composite restorations was clinically unacceptable with respect to color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, recurrent caries, marginal adaptation, or surface texture. A 100% success rate was recorded for both composite materials. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the clinical evaluation criteria between Filtek Z250 and Filtek Supreme XT restorations for each evaluation period. CONCLUSIONS: The composite restorations showed promising clinical results relating to color matching, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, recurrent caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture at the end of the 5-year evaluation period.
Adhesives* ; Humans ; Orthodontics

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) administration on bone formation in response to expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture, in rats, histomorphometrically. METHODS: Thirty 50 - 60 day old Wistar rats were separated into five equal groups (one control and four experimental). All groups were subjected to inter-premaxilla expansion with 50-gram of force. Six control animals received saline solution (Group I) and three experimental groups were treated with a single dose of alpha-tocopherol injected into the inter-premaxillary suture after one day after appliance placement (Group II: 2 mg/kg; Group III: 10 mg/kg; and Group IV: 50 mg/kg). A further group of six animals received three injections of 10 mg/kg alpha-tocopherol, one each on days 3, 6, and 9 (Group V). Bone formation in the suture was evaluated by bone histomorphometry. Kruskal-Wallis rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation at p<0.05 level. RESULTS: New bone area, bone perimeter, feret's diameter and newly formed bone measurements were significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control (p<0.001). Bone architecture in alpha-tocopherol administrated groups was improved, and bone formation during the expansion period was stimulated significantly, in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: The application of alpha-tocopherol during the early stages to orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture areas may stimulate bone formation and shorten the retention period, in rats.
alpha-Tocopherol ; Animals ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Retention (Psychology) ; Sodium Chloride ; Sutures ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of direct electrical current stimulation (DECS) on bone regeneration in response to an expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in the rat. METHODS: Sixteen 50 - 60 days old Wistar male rats were separated into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30-gram of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical-spring. In the experimental group, two metallic-screws were placed at lateral parts of the maxillary segments. Electrodes were connected to the screws. The device was activated with current adjustment to measure 10 microA continuously and the current was monitored daily during the expansion and early-retention phase. Bone regeneration in the sutural area was histomorphometrically evaluated including new-bone area (micrometer2), bone perimeter (micrometer), feret's diameter (micrometer) and newly formed bone (%) parameters. Kruskal-Wallis rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation at p < 0.05 level. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups for all investigated histomorphometric parameters. New bone area (p = 0.002), bone perimeter (p = 0.004), feret's diameter (p = 0.002) and newly formed bone percentage (p = 0.002) measurements were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Bone histomorphometric measurements revealed that bone architecture in the DECS group was improved. CONCLUSIONS: The application of DECS to an orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture area during the early retention phase stimulated the formation of new bone.
Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Electric Stimulation ; Electrodes ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Osteogenesis ; Palatal Expansion Technique ; Rats ; Retention (Psychology) ; Sutures

PURPOSE: The aim of study was to determine the level of the radiation exposure of surgical staff during surgical probe applications in breast cancer. METHODS: Three operations of a sentinel lymph node biopsy were randomly selected. Spaced circles (50 cm apart) were drawn surrounding the operation bed on the floor. Tc-99m nanocolloid was injected peritumorally and intradermally into a patient. The radiation dose was measured with a GeigerMueller counter placed according to the drawn circles at distances of 50-200 cm from the side of patient's head and bilateral chest while the patient lay on the operation bed. All of the surgical procedures were recorded with a video camera and were monitored. RESULTS: The whole body dose to the senior surgeon was calculated as 2.00-4.70 microSv which means that a senior surgeon can perform 212-500 procedures per year to reach the annual International Commission on Radiological Protection radiation dose limit for a member of the public. CONCLUSION: We concluded that radiation risk to the surgical staff is low from sentinel node detection with the use of radiocolloids.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Floors and Floorcoverings ; Head ; Humans ; Nitriles ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; Pyrethrins ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Thorax