No abstract available.
Olfactory Bulb* ; Signal Transduction*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Olfactory Bulb*

气味是评价食品新鲜度最重要的参数之一。当气味以其自然浓度存在时，会在嗅觉系统中引发不同的神经活动模式。本研究提出了一种通过检测食物气味进行食物检测与评价的在体生物传感系统。我们通过将多通道微电极植入在清醒大鼠嗅球的僧帽/丛状细胞层上，进而对神经信号进行实时检测。结果表明，不同的气味可以引起不同的神经振荡活动，每个僧帽/丛状细胞会表现出特定气味的锋电位发放模式。单个大鼠的少量细胞携带足够的信息，可以根据锋电位发放频率变化率的极坐标图来区分不同储存天数的食物。此外，研究表明气味刺激后，β振荡比γ振荡表现出更特异的气味响应模式，这表明β振荡在气味识别中起着更重要的作用。综上，本研究提出的在体神经接口为评估食品新鲜度提供了一种可行性方法。
Olfactory Bulb ; Odorants ; Smell

No abstract available.
Animals ; Olfactory Bulb* ; Olfactory Mucosa* ; Rats* ; Synapses*

Olfaction plays an important role to detect environmental risk, taste the food, and performs various additional roles crucial to the nutrition, mood and memory. But it has been overlooked compared with other sensory organs, such as vision or hearing function. Recently, a variety of studies associated with olfactory system are in progress from periphery to central area. This review shows the brief summary of the recent ongoing study on olfaction.
Hearing ; Memory ; Olfactory Bulb ; Olfactory Pathways ; Smell*

Kallman syndrome is characterised by hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and anosmia. T1 weighted MR coronal images show the bilateral absence or hypoplasia of olfactory bulbs, tracts, and sulci. We report the MR findings of Kallmann syndrome and revew the literature.
Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Olfaction Disorders ; Olfactory Bulb

Congenital anosmia is usually described as a familial disorder in association with various sexual and other developmental abnormalities. Congenital anosmia occurring as an isolated defect in a single family member is extremely rare. That is said to exist when a patient has no recall of smell sensation dating from early childhood. We report two cases of isolated agenesis of the olfactory bulbs and tracts unrelated to pathological, syndromic diseases. We outline the investigations which should be undertaken in such cases.
Humans ; Olfaction Disorders ; Olfactory Bulb ; Sensation ; Smell

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cats* ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Neuropeptides* ; Olfactory Bulb*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cadmium Poisoning* ; Cadmium* ; Olfactory Bulb* ; Rats*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences of olfactory bulb (OB) volumes between younger and older, male and female, left-side and right-side in healthy middle and old-aged persons by MRI.

METHODSNinety five healthy middle and old-aged volunteers (male:female = 45:50) were divided into 2 groups, group one included persons aged from 50 to 69, group two included persons elder than 70. The left-side, right-side and both-side volumes of OB, the volumes of brain and the ratio of OB/brain were measured by MRI.

RESULTS(1) The left-side and both-side volumes of OB (x(-) +/- s), the volumes of brain [(39.89 +/- 8.7) mm(3), (81.70 +/- 16.8) mm(3) and (1281.86 +/- 140.2) cm(3)] in 50 - 69 years old group were respectively larger than those in >/= 70 years old group [(34.45 +/- 10.4) mm(3), (72.10 +/- 19.3) mm(3) and (1165.77 +/- 165.3) cm(3)], and the differences reached statistical significance (t were respectively 2.649, 2.449, 3.516, all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of right-side OB volumes and the ratio of OB/brain between 50 - 69 years old group and >/= 70 years old group (t were respectively 1.904, 0.616, each P > 0.05). (2) The male's OB volumes of left-side, right-side and both-side, the brain volumes and the ratio of OB/brain were respectively larger than females', and the differences reached statistical significance (t were respectively 4.461, 3.630, 4.399, 3.800, 2.400, all P < 0.05). (3) The right-side OB volumes were larger than left-side's and significant differences were found in female group, 50 - 60 years old group and >/= 70 years old group (t were respectively 2.732, 2.117, 3.516, all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences of OB volumes between left-side and right-side in female (t = 2.649, P = 0.110). The ratio of right-side OB/brain were larger than the ratio of left-side's and the differences reached statistical significance (t = 3.183, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONSMRI could be used to measure the volume of OB. The older the people, the smaller the OB volumes. There was no influence of age on the ratio OB/brain. The OB volumes of right-side were larger than those of left-side. The OB volumes of male were larger than those of female.