To identify osteoporosis and examine the relationship between health behavior and the self-efficacy of middle-aged women, a descriptive survey was conducted. The subjects were 465 healthy female residents of Kyunggido, Korea, who underwent ultrasound measurement and a health examination at the Kangmeung-Ci Health Center between July and August 2000. They were 40 to 60 years old, with a mean age of 46.7 years. The subjects completed a self- reported questionnaire that consisted of seven items concerning health behavior and twelve items concerning self-efficacy related to osteoporosis. Bone density was evaluated from ultrasound measurements of the right heel. All the data were analyzed using the program SAS-PC. The study found that the mean T score related to bone density was -1.30, and ranged from -3.52 to 3.06. Based on the T score, 74.8% of the subjects were normal, 12.9% had osteopenia, and 12.3% had osteoporosis. The mean osteoporosis self-efficacy score was 41.17 and ranged from 12 to 60. Osteoporosis self-efficacy differed significantly with health behavior related to health supplementary food (t=5.63, p=.018), exercise (t=6.65, p=.010), alcohol drinking(t=10.80, p=.001), and smoking (t=10.23, p=.001). A community-based health promotion program should be developed to prevent osteoporosis in middle-aged women.
Bone Density* ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Behavior ; Health Promotion ; Heel ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate the Needs Assessment Tool for Case Management (NATCM) for use with Korean medical aid beneficiaries. METHODS: Psychometric testing was performed with a sample of 645 Korean medical aid beneficiaries, which included 41 beneficiaries who were selected using proportional sampling method, to examine intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Data were evaluated using item analyses, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, and ICC. RESULTS: Through psychometric testing the final version of NATCM was found to consist of two subscales: 1) Appropriateness of Health Care Utilization (5 items) and 2) Self Care Ability (6 items). The two subscale model was validated by CFA (RMSEA=.08, GFI=.97, and CFI=.93). Internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha was .82, and subscale reliability ranged from .79 to .84. The ICC of the NATCM between case managers was .73 and between case managers and health care professionals. .82. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the final version of NATCM is a brief, reliable, and valid instrument to measure needs of Korean medical aid beneficiaries. Therefore, the NATCM can be effectively utilized as an important needs assessment as well as outcome evaluation tool for case management programs in Korea.
Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case Management ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Needs Assessment ; Pain Management ; Psychometrics ; Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea ; Social Support

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Ploidies*

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at identifying the effects of improved methods of endotracheal suction and hand washing on incidence of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in the neurosurgical ICU. METHOD: Repeated training of nurses about hand washing and adherence of the single use of suction catheter and sterile normal saline of endotracheal suction was provided. Then hand washing compliance of nurses before and after training was investigated. and the incidence of NP in all patients hospitalized for more than 72 hours in the neurosurgical ICU was investigated from Sep 1, 2000 to Jan 31, 2001 (2nd surveillance). The NP rate of that period was compared with the incidence of the 1st surveillance period, from Sep 1, 1999 to Jan 31, 2000. The data were analyzed with chi-square-test. Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis by SAS 8.0. RESULT: The proportion of hand washing performance increased from 15.6% to 46.8%. The rates of NP per patient during 1st surveillance and 2nd surveillance were 10.3%, 3.9%(p=0.01) patient-days rates of NP were 10.0 cases/1,000 patient days, 4.1 cases/1,000 patient days(p=0.04), and ventilator-days rates of NP were 67.6 cases/1.000 ventilator days, 16.2 cases/1,000 ventilator days(p=0.00) respectively. Out of 29 isolates, 18 were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, which was the most frequently isolated microorganism. The risk factors associated with incidence of NP were age, length of stay, Glasgow coma scale, diabetes mellitus, duration of intubation, insertion of endotracheal tube, duration of tracheostomy, presence of tracheostomy, duration of ventilator, use of ventilator, and insertion of nasogastric tube. CONCLUSION: These results showed that single use of suction catheters and sterile normal saline and increased compliance of hand washing were important factors to decrease the incidence of NP.
Catheters ; Compliance ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hand Disinfection* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Intubation ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Pneumonia* ; Risk Factors ; Suction* ; Tracheostomy ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: Burch colposuspension has been used for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with effectiveness. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy among abdominal, transvaginal and laparoscopic Burch colposuspension. We also compared the clinical course and complications after each procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty seven patients underwent Burch colposuspension were evaluated according to their approach methods. All patients were assessed for detailed history, physical examination, urodynamic study, transperineal ultrasonography, operative time, catheter indwelling period, hospital stays, success rate, and complications. RESULTS: The success rates of abdominal, transvaginal and laparoscopic Burch were 90, 86 and 76% respectively, at 26 months follow up. There was no significant complication except for a case of bladder injury in the laparoscopy group. Laparoscopic Burch operation had advantages of less invasive approach, less morbidity, shorter hospital stays and provided successful outcomes in patients with stress urinary incontinence. CONCLUSIONS: With these results, we could conclude that open, transvaginal or laparoscopic Burch operations were effective and safe for SUI with no significant differences of efficacy according to approach methods.
Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Physical Examination ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: To describe the lived experience of nursing students when faced with clinical judgment in a nursing practicum at the hospital. METHODS: A descriptive research design was utilized. Participants were 79 students in the clinical practicum. Participant consent was obtained for ethical protection. Data were collected from August to December 2007 using a semi-structured questionnaire. Content analysis was utilized for data analysis. RESULTS: Two categories and 5 themes were extracted from the data for 'difficult' and 'easy' clinical judgments. For the student category, the two themes were 'knowledge' and 'skill', while the three themes for the clinical education environment category were, 'judgment of clinical symptoms and signs', 'differences between theory and practice' and 'human relationships'. For coping, 2 categories and 5 themes were extracted for the difficult clinical judgment situation, while one category and one theme were found for the easy clinical judgment situation. CONCLUSION: To develop students' clinical judgment, there is need to develop the method of clinical skills using simulation in clinical teaching. For future research, a study on factors affecting clinical judgment of nursing students in hospitals is needed.
Clinical Competence ; Humans ; Judgment ; Research Design ; Statistics as Topic ; Students, Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was to determine the effects of foot reflexomassage on constipated college women for the treatment of constipation. METHOD: The researcher sampled nursing students attending a college of nursing science in Gyeonggi-Do, and checked if they were affected by constipation in reference to the Rome II criteria & CAS. They were randomly divided into an experimental group(15 subjects) and a control group(15 subjects). Foot reflexomassage was applied to the experimental group 10 times in 2 weeks : each time lasted 40 minutes. The frequency of defecation and severity of constipation by CAS were measured. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 11.5 program. RESULT: The CAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower after foot reflexomassage than those of the control group (p=.000). CONCLUSION: Foot reflexomassage can be considered an effective alternative treatment for constipated young women.
Complementary Therapies ; Constipation ; Defecation ; Female ; Foot* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Nursing ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted to synthesis research findings on relationships of quality of life with multi-dimensional correlates in Korean breast cancer patients. METHODS: For the study purpose, 18 studies were selected through a systematic process of searching the literature. RESULTS: Among the general characteristics, variables having a significant relationship with quality of life were age (ES=.19), marital status (ES=.15), education (ES=.19), economic status (ES=.16), job status (ES=.10), and religion (ES=.13). Among the disease characteristics, type of treatment (ES=.12), length of time since diagnosis (ES=.13), stage of disease (ES=.14), length of time since operation (ES=.10), frequency of treatment (ES=.19), wound site and pain (ES=.16) were shown to have a significant relationship with quality of life. Depression (ES=-.60), one of the psychological factor, was the variable most significantly related to quality of life. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that the variables which strongly impact quality of life in breast cancer patients are depression and pain.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Psychology ; Quality of Life* ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: The purpose of this meta-analysis isto identify social psychological factors related to quality of life and estimate the effect sizes of the factors among patients with strokes. METHODS: Thirteen studies with a total of 1,814 patients published from the earliest records to January 8, 2017 were selected through a systematic process of searching the literature, and evaluated against influencing factors of quality of life and their effect sizes. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using the random effect model. Meta-analysis was conducted by R software. RESULTS: The following influencing factors had a strong association with quality of life with stroke: depression (r=−.50; 95% CI: −0.63~−0.46), activities of daily living (r=.46; 95% CI: 0.35~0.56), and social support (r=.40; 95% CI: 0.24~0.53). CONCLUSION: The findings confirm that depression, activities of daily living and social support are associated with quality of life among patients with stroke survivors. We recommend that any intervention program to improve the quality of life with stroke patients consider addressing these modifiable influencing factors.
Activities of Daily Living ; Depression ; Humans ; Psychology ; Quality of Life ; Stroke ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Arthritis*