The recent availability of recombinant human erythropoietin has opened new perspectives in the management of a variety of anemias. Clinical trials have been initiated in several countries using different approaches and methodology. We randomly assigned twelve premature infants(gestational age < 32 week) at high risk of requiring erythrocyte transfusion for anemia of prematurity with either subcutaneous recombinant human erythropoietin or a placebo. Treatment with rHuEPO was initiated at a dose of 100 units/kg day for 3 days a week. All patients were given supplemental oral iron therapy at a dose of 3 mg/kg per day, as tolerated and oral vitamin E at a dose of 25 units per day. Treated and control babies did not differ with respect to weight, hematocrit, overall mean reticulocyte count or rate of growth respectively. However, reticulocyte counts increased earlier in patients given rHuEPO. We conclude that rHuEPO administration is safe and feasible at the dose studied.
Anemia* ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Erythropoietin* ; Hematocrit ; Humans* ; Iron ; Pilot Projects* ; Reticulocyte Count ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify the attitude of physicians stemming from their experiences of caring for potential brain death donors during the organ donation process. METHODS: Grounded theory methodology was used for this study. In depth interviews were conducted with six physicians who had experience of management of potential brain death donors. Data collection was done from January to October 2011. Theoretical sampling was used until the data reached saturation. RESULTS: As a result of the analysis, dilemma of organ donation solicitation was identified as the core category. Twelve subcategories were identified and they were integrated to the core category. Obtaining organ donation counseling skills was identified as the consequence. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study will provide a frame for understanding the attitudes stemming from their experience of caring for potential brain death donor and helping the development of effective intervention strategies for increasing organ donation.
Brain ; Brain Death ; Counseling ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Tissue Donors

PURPOSE: This study analyzes the relationship between work-life conflict and turnover intention among hospital nurses. Furthermore, it seeks to determine whether the relationship between the two varies depending on the shift work condition of the nurses. METHODS: A total of 435 nurses working at five tertiary hospitals were included in the study. The questionnaire included items on turnover intentions, work-life conflicts, sociodemographic factors, working conditions, and internal and external resources. RESULTS: The level of work-life conflict among shift work nurses was higher than that of non-shift work nurses. The turnover intention was also higher for shift work nurses than for non-shift work nurses. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the work-life conflict of nurses had a positive relationship with turnover intention. The effect of work-life conflict on turnover intention was greater for shift work nurses than for non-shift work nurses. CONCLUSION: Work-life conflict had a greater impact on the turnover intention of hospital nurses working under shift work conditions. Based on this study's findings, it can be suggested that, in order to reduce high turnover intention, it will be necessary to make specific efforts to balance work-life conflict and improve working conditions.
Intention ; Logistic Models ; Tertiary Care Centers

PURPOSE: This study analyzes the relationship between work-life conflict and turnover intention among hospital nurses. Furthermore, it seeks to determine whether the relationship between the two varies depending on the shift work condition of the nurses. METHODS: A total of 435 nurses working at five tertiary hospitals were included in the study. The questionnaire included items on turnover intentions, work-life conflicts, sociodemographic factors, working conditions, and internal and external resources. RESULTS: The level of work-life conflict among shift work nurses was higher than that of non-shift work nurses. The turnover intention was also higher for shift work nurses than for non-shift work nurses. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the work-life conflict of nurses had a positive relationship with turnover intention. The effect of work-life conflict on turnover intention was greater for shift work nurses than for non-shift work nurses. CONCLUSION Work-life conflict had a greater impact on the turnover intention of hospital nurses working under shift work conditions. Based on this study's findings, it can be suggested that, in order to reduce high turnover intention, it will be necessary to make specific efforts to balance work-life conflict and improve working conditions.

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Fetal Growth Retardation* ; Platelet Count* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Relocation stress is a common phenomenon in patients discharged from an intensive care unit(ICU) to a ward. Therefore, nurses need to be aware of the problems that can arise during the transfer process. The aim of this study was to identify nurses' experiences in transferring critically ill patients from the ICU to a ward. METHOD: Focus group interviews were done with 13 nurses from wards and ICU, which participated in receiving and sending of ICU patients. The debriefing notes and field notes were analyzed using the consistent comparative data analysis method. RESULT: Seven major categories were identified in the analysis of the data. These were 'mixed feeling about transfer', 'lack of transfer readiness', 'increase in family burden', 'uncertainty with unfamiliar environment', 'difficulty in decision making', 'difference of perception of the relationships between patients and health care providers', 'need for continuity of nursing care'. CONCLUSION: Transferring out of the critical care area should be presented to the patient and family as a positive step in the recovery process. However, a more universal method of passing information from nurse to nurse is needed to assist in a smooth transition.
Collodion ; Critical Care ; Critical Illness ; Delivery of Health Care ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: Purpose was to explore associations between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MS) risks, and to determine factors associated with self-rated health (SRH) of adults with MS compared to other adults. METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis based on the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey KNHANES V (N=12662). Study instruments included sleep duration, MS risk factors, SRH and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 43.68+/-12.26 years. Fifty-eight percent were women, and 18.3% were identified as having MS. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and SRH were significantly different according to sleep duration (p<.05) among all participants. In the non MS group, male gender, younger age (19~30 and 41~50 age brackets) upper income level, sufficient sleep duration, and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were positively associated with SRH, whereas, lower education levels (< or = middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH (p<.05). In the MS group, lower income, lower education levels (< or = middle school), glucose level, and waist circumference were negatively associated with SRH, whereas, having an occupation was positively associated with SRH (p<.05). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that tailored approaches are required for prevention and control of MS and sleep duration of each individual should be considered rather than applying standardized guidelines. However, as sleep quality was not included in the analysis, further investigations regarding influence of sleep quality on MS and SRH and controlling for other lifestyle and health behavior factors are required.
Adult ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Female ; *Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Quality of Life ; Risk Factors ; Self Report ; *Sleep ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Use of one lung anesthesia for thoracic surgery may compromize PaO2. The aim of this study was to compare the shunt and oxygenation effects of the application of CPAP and CPAP/PEEP between right and left thoracic surgery under one lung anesthesia. METHODS: 10 patients for right thoracic surgery were selected as group 1, and 10 patients for left thoracic surgery were selected as group 2. Measurements in each group, were made during each of the following stage. First 30 minutes, One lung anesthesia alone with 50% oxygen (control value), next 30 minutes, CPAP 10 cmH2O to upper lung with 50% oxygen (CPAP), and then CPAP 10 cmH2O to upper lung and PEEP 10 cmH2O to down lung with 50% oxygen for 30 minutes (CPAP/PEEP). RESULTS: PaO2 in CPAP and CPAP/PEEP were significantly increased as compare to control value at both group (P<0.05). Shunt percentage in CPAP and CPAP/PEEP were significantly decreased as compare to control value at both group (P<0.05). But, no statistically significant differences were observed between right and left thoracic surgery group in the PaO2 and shunt percentage. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that CPAP and CPAP/PEEP during one lung ventilation is thought to be effective method in preventing hypoxemia, but no differences were observed between right and left thoracic surgery group.
Anesthesia ; Anoxia ; Humans ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation* ; Oxygen* ; Thoracic Surgery*

Skull base osteomyelitis typically arises as a complication of ear infection in older diabetic patients, but atypical skull base osteomyelitis arising from the sphenoid or occipital bones without external otitis can occur much less frequently and initially may present headache as the only symptom. Inflammatory pseudotumor is an idiopathic condition characterized by the sclerosing inflammation, which mimicks a neoplastic process. Inflammatory pseudotumor involving skull base and cervical spine is distinctly rare and usually indistinguishable from aggressive neoplasms or infection at these area. We report a case which was confirmed histologcally as invasive fungal sinusitis accompanied with inflammatory pseudotumor: the treatment consisted of amphotericin B and systemic steroid therapy but ended in a failure.
Amphotericin B ; Ear ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Headache ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Occipital Bone ; Osteomyelitis ; Otitis Externa ; Sinusitis* ; Skull Base* ; Skull* ; Spine