BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that kidney transplant recipients' quality of life depend on compliance of treatment, family support, socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study was to determine whether estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study as a index of graft function influence recipients' quality of life including above mentioned factors. METHODS: One hundred and ten patients who visited out-patient department at least 3 months after kidney transplantation were included in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. This tool included; quality of life, compliance and family support scale as well as medical record review. The analysing of data was performed with SPSS version 11.5 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS: The mean score of the recipients' quality of life (3.59/5), compliance (3.81/5), the support of family (4.02/5) and GFR (63 ml/min/1.73 m2) were revealed respectively. The quality of life was correlated with compliance (r=.260, P<.001) and family support (r=.377, P<.001) statistically. and compliance and family support also revealed correlation (r=.452, P<.001). Family support was the most explainable factor for the quality of life (R2=.142). however, the quality of life was not correlated with recipients' GFR (r=.013 P=0.819). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study showed that kidney transplant recipients had a moderate quality of life. These findings suggest that emotional aspect like family support is as important as clinical factors such as GFR or compliance for recipients' quality of life. To optimize post-transplant quality of life, implication for interventional programming should be focused on family support.
Chicago ; Compliance ; Diet ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Medical Records ; Outpatients ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Social Class ; Transplants

Background: Epinephrine (EPI) or norepinephrine (NOR) is widely used to treat cardiovascular collapse during lipid emulsion (LE) resuscitation for drug toxicity. However, the effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an LE (Intralipid) on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI and NOR in isolated rat aorta. Methods: The effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated rat aorta was examined. Additionally, the effect of LE on the calcium increase caused by EPI or NOR was investigated. The distribution constant (KD: lipid to aqueous phase) of EPI or NOR between a LE (1%) and an aqueous phase was determined. Results: LE (1 and 2%) did not significantly alter vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated endothelium-intact aorta. Moreover, the LE did not significantly alter the increased calcium level caused by EPI or NOR. The log KD of EPI in the LE (1%) was −0.71, −0.99, and −1.00 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. The log KD of NOR in the LE (1%) was −1.22, −1.25, and −0.96 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, the Intralipid emulsion did not alter vasoconstriction induced by EPI or NOR that seems to be due to the hydrophilicity of EPI or NOR, leading to sustained hemodynamic support produced by EPI or NOR used during LE resuscitation.

Background: Epinephrine (EPI) or norepinephrine (NOR) is widely used to treat cardiovascular collapse during lipid emulsion (LE) resuscitation for drug toxicity. However, the effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an LE (Intralipid) on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI and NOR in isolated rat aorta. Methods: The effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated rat aorta was examined. Additionally, the effect of LE on the calcium increase caused by EPI or NOR was investigated. The distribution constant (KD: lipid to aqueous phase) of EPI or NOR between a LE (1%) and an aqueous phase was determined. Results: LE (1 and 2%) did not significantly alter vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated endothelium-intact aorta. Moreover, the LE did not significantly alter the increased calcium level caused by EPI or NOR. The log KD of EPI in the LE (1%) was −0.71, −0.99, and −1.00 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. The log KD of NOR in the LE (1%) was −1.22, −1.25, and −0.96 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, the Intralipid emulsion did not alter vasoconstriction induced by EPI or NOR that seems to be due to the hydrophilicity of EPI or NOR, leading to sustained hemodynamic support produced by EPI or NOR used during LE resuscitation.

Background: Epinephrine (EPI) or norepinephrine (NOR) is widely used to treat cardiovascular collapse during lipid emulsion (LE) resuscitation for drug toxicity. However, the effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an LE (Intralipid) on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI and NOR in isolated rat aorta. Methods: The effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated rat aorta was examined. Additionally, the effect of LE on the calcium increase caused by EPI or NOR was investigated. The distribution constant (KD: lipid to aqueous phase) of EPI or NOR between a LE (1%) and an aqueous phase was determined. Results: LE (1 and 2%) did not significantly alter vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated endothelium-intact aorta. Moreover, the LE did not significantly alter the increased calcium level caused by EPI or NOR. The log KD of EPI in the LE (1%) was −0.71, −0.99, and −1.00 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. The log KD of NOR in the LE (1%) was −1.22, −1.25, and −0.96 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, the Intralipid emulsion did not alter vasoconstriction induced by EPI or NOR that seems to be due to the hydrophilicity of EPI or NOR, leading to sustained hemodynamic support produced by EPI or NOR used during LE resuscitation.

Background: Epinephrine (EPI) or norepinephrine (NOR) is widely used to treat cardiovascular collapse during lipid emulsion (LE) resuscitation for drug toxicity. However, the effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an LE (Intralipid) on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI and NOR in isolated rat aorta. Methods: The effect of LE on the vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated rat aorta was examined. Additionally, the effect of LE on the calcium increase caused by EPI or NOR was investigated. The distribution constant (KD: lipid to aqueous phase) of EPI or NOR between a LE (1%) and an aqueous phase was determined. Results: LE (1 and 2%) did not significantly alter vasoconstriction caused by EPI or NOR in isolated endothelium-intact aorta. Moreover, the LE did not significantly alter the increased calcium level caused by EPI or NOR. The log KD of EPI in the LE (1%) was −0.71, −0.99, and −1.00 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. The log KD of NOR in the LE (1%) was −1.22, −1.25, and −0.96 at 20, 50, and 100 mM ionic strength, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, the Intralipid emulsion did not alter vasoconstriction induced by EPI or NOR that seems to be due to the hydrophilicity of EPI or NOR, leading to sustained hemodynamic support produced by EPI or NOR used during LE resuscitation.