PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of quality of life for elders in Korea. METHODS: The participants were 348 older persons selected by convenience sampling in Y city. Data were collected from September 22 to October 23, 2008 when 348 elders completed a questionnaire which included the Leisure Attitude Scale by Raghep and Beard (1982), Leisure Competence Questionnaire by Witt and Ellis (1987) and the Quality of Life Questionnaire by Mckenna (2001). Cronbach alphas scores for Korean translation of the questionnaires were .85, .90 and .79 respectively. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS Win 14.0 statistics program. RESULTS: The scores for quality of life showed significant positive correlations with the scores for leisure attitude (r=.603, p<.001) and leisure competence (r=.703, p<.001). Leisure competence, leisure attitude, and education were significant predictors and accounted for 54.4% of the variance in quality of life in the elders. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that high leisure competence and positive leisure attitude with learning opportunities will be helpful to promote a better quality of life for elders.
Aged ; Humans ; Korea ; Learning ; Leisure Activities ; Mental Competency ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The adult worm and plerocercoid larva(sparganum) of Diphyllobothrium mansoni and Moniezia expansa employed in this experiment. The adult worms were divided into three portions, i.e. immature, mature and gravid proglottids, and each proglottids were incubated in 50 cc or 250 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation medium consisting of 10 cc of 25 cc of Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The incubation medium was added C(14)-acetate and non-radioactive carrier Na-acetate so as to contain acetate concentration of 50 mg per cent. The worms were allowed to incubate for 5 hours in the Dubnoff metabolic shaking incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, the lactate and pyruvate appearance rate, total CO(2) production tate, the turnover rates were employed as pervious report(Seo et al., 1965). The quantitative analysis of C(14)-acetate utilized by the adult worm and plerocercoid larva of D. mansoni and M. expansa were compared and discussed in this report. According to these data of the experiment, it is impressed that the fatty acid such as acetate may play a role of major part of their metabolism in the adult worm and plerocercoid larva of D. mansoni , whereas minor part of acetate participated in the metabolism by M. expansa.
parasitology ; helminth ; cestoda ; Diphyllobothrium mansoni ; Moniezia expansa ; sparganum ; acetate ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; acetate ; CO(2) ; Krebs Ringer phosphate buffer

The adult trematodes, Fasciola hepatica, Eurytrema pancreaticum and Paramphistomum cervi, employed in this experiment were obtained from the cattle slaughtered at the local abbatoir. The worms selected and washed several times in normal sterilized saline solution. Each about ten of intact F. hepatica, fourty of E. pancreaticum, and twenty of P. cervi were incubated in 50 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation medium consisting of 10 cc. of Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer(pH 7.4) The incubation medium was added C(14)-1-acetate and non-radioactive carrier Na-acetate so as to contain acetate concentration of 50 mg per cent . The worms were allowed to incubate for 5 hours in the Dubnoff metabolic shaking incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, respiratory CO(2) samples from central well of incubation flask were analysed for total CO(2) production rate and their specific activity of respiratory CO(2). The lactate and pyruvate appearance rates were determined by analyzing the lactate and pyruvate concentration in a medium after incubation. The glycogen samples isolated from worms were analyzed for the tissue concentration and their radioactivities in order to determine the turnover rate of glycogen pool. Radioactivities of these series of experiments were counted by an endwindow Geiger-Muller counter as an infinitely thin samples. The quantitative analysis of C(14)-acetate utilized by F. hepatica, E. pancreaticum and P. cervi were compared and discussed in this report. According to these data of the experiment, it is suggested that the fatty acid such as acetate may play a part of their oxidative process into the respiratory CO2 and the synthetic process into glycogen in the above species of trematodes.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Fasciola hepatica ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Paramphistomum cervi ; acetate ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; CO(2) ; glycogen ; Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Seborrheic* ; Lice Infestations*

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Seborrheic* ; Lice Infestations*

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition which is usually congenital in origin and is almost invariably fatal in its bilateral and severe forms. It is often overlooked, however, during clinical examination, routine echocardiography, and even at cardiac catheterization. This report describes pulsed Doppler, color flow echocardiography, and hemodynamic findings of bilateral pulmonary vein stenosis accompanying ventricular septal and atrial septal defects successfully corrected by surgery.
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Catheterization ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Hemodynamics ; Pulmonary Veins*

BACKGROUNDS: The development of a noninvasive, accurate imaging technique for assessing coronary artery bypass graft patency is of major clinical importance because increasing numbers of patients have undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. The electron beam tomography, by virtue of its rapid data acquisition time and good spatial resolution, may be useful in this regard. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of three-dimensional coronary angiography by electron beam tomography (EBT) in the assessment of patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. METHODS: Twenty-five patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included. All patients underwent EBT and conventional coronary angiography for the evaluation of the status of bypass grafts. Three dimensional reconstruction of the heart and bypass grafts were performed and compared with selective angiography of the bypass grafts. RESULTS: Fifty-seven saphenous vein grafts (SVG) and 22 left internal mammary artery (LIMA) were evaluated for occlusion or patency. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of LIMA patency were 80%, 82.4%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of SVG patency were 91.7% and 91.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of SVG according to the coronary territory were : 1) SVG to left anterior descending artery 100%, 100%:2) SVG to diagonal branch 100%, 100%:3) SVG to left circumflex artery 100%, 88.9%:4) SVG to right coronary artery 75%, 85.7%. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional coronary angiography by electron beam tomography is a promising, useful and relatively accurate diagnostic technique for the evaluation of graft patency in patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Heart ; Humans ; Mammary Arteries ; Saphenous Vein ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed* ; Transplants ; Virtues

BACKGROUNDS: The development of a noninvasive, accurate imaging technique for assessing coronary artery bypass graft patency is of major clinical importance because increasing numbers of patients have undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. The electron beam tomography, by virtue of its rapid data acquisition time and good spatial resolution, may be useful in this regard. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of three-dimensional coronary angiography by electron beam tomography (EBT) in the assessment of patency of coronary artery bypass grafts. METHODS: Twenty-five patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery were included. All patients underwent EBT and conventional coronary angiography for the evaluation of the status of bypass grafts. Three dimensional reconstruction of the heart and bypass grafts were performed and compared with selective angiography of the bypass grafts. RESULTS: Fifty-seven saphenous vein grafts (SVG) and 22 left internal mammary artery (LIMA) were evaluated for occlusion or patency. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of LIMA patency were 80%, 82.4%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of SVG patency were 91.7% and 91.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of EBT in the evaluation of SVG according to the coronary territory were : 1) SVG to left anterior descending artery 100%, 100%:2) SVG to diagonal branch 100%, 100%:3) SVG to left circumflex artery 100%, 88.9%:4) SVG to right coronary artery 75%, 85.7%. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional coronary angiography by electron beam tomography is a promising, useful and relatively accurate diagnostic technique for the evaluation of graft patency in patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Coronary Angiography* ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Heart ; Humans ; Mammary Arteries ; Saphenous Vein ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed* ; Transplants ; Virtues

BACKGROUND: Demodicosis is a parasitic skin disease caused by Demodex mites, and the determination of mite density per square centimeter is important to diagnose demodicosis. Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) and direct microscopic examination (DME) are commonly used to determine Demodex mites density (Dd). However, no study has previously compared these two methods with respect to clinical types and distribution patterns of demodicosis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the value of SSSB and DME findings in reference to the clinical types and distribution patterns of demodicosis. METHODS: The medical records of 35 patients diagnosed with demodicosis between December 2011 and June 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Demodicosis was classified according to four clinical types (pityriasis folliculorum, rosacea type, acne type, and perioral type) and three distribution patterns (diffuse pattern, U-zone pattern, and T-zone pattern). Two samples, one for SSSB and one for DME, were obtained from a lesion of each patient. RESULTS: In all patients, mean Dd and the proportion with a high Dd (>5D/cm²) by DME (14.5±3.3, 80.0%, respectively) were higher than by SSSB (5.5±1.3, 37.1%, respectively; p<0.01, p=0.02, respectively). In terms of clinical types, for rosacea type, mean Dd and proportion with a high Dd by DME (12.4±3.5, 84.6%, respectively) were significantly greater than those determined by SSSB (3.6±1.2, 23.1%; p=0.04, p=0.04, respectively). In terms of distribution pattern, for the diffuse pattern, mean Dd and the proportion with a high Dd by DME (17.5±3.7, 100%, respectively) were significantly higher than those determined by SSSB (6.0±2.7, 26.7%; p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: The results of our study revealed that DME is a more sensitive method for detecting Demodex than SSSB, especially in patients with diffuse pattern and suspected rosacea type. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.
Acne Vulgaris ; Biopsy* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Mites* ; Retrospective Studies ; Rosacea ; Skin Diseases, Parasitic ; Skin*

Glucagonomas are rare pancreatic tumors of islet ahpha-2 cells. Less than 430 cases have been reported worldwide and 210 cases are malignant tumors. In generally, the tumors typically present with a characteristic constellation of symptoms including necrolytic migratory erythema of the skin, weight loss, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, anemia, cheliosis, stomatitis, and an increased thrombotic tendency. Since pancreatic glucagonomas are predominantly located in the tail and findings of radiographic or sonographic examination can remain unspecific, patients often present already metastasis when diagnosis is first established, and can be difficult to differentiate from the other pancreatic tumors. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with an malignant glucagonoma of the pancreas infiltrating already the spleen and presenting metastatic lesion in perirenal lymph nodes, and that the tumor was not assocated with the characteristic skin rash. The pateint with a past history of a diabetes mellitus and hypertension for 9 years was admitted with cramp-like left lower abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, and nausea. A solid tumor of tail of the pancreas revealed by ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography and distal pancreatectomy, radical nephrectomy, and splenectomy were performed. Immunohistochemial examination of the tumor did show glucagon-reactive tissue and electron microscopy revealed many secretory granules, 180 to 300 nm in diameter in granulated cells. After pancreatic tumor resection, the patient had normalization of plasma glucagon and blood sugar.
Abdominal Pain ; Adenoma, Islet Cell ; Anemia ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Exanthema ; Female ; Glucagon ; Glucagonoma* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lymph Nodes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Necrolytic Migratory Erythema ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Pancreas* ; Pancreatectomy ; Plasma ; Secretory Vesicles ; Skin ; Spleen ; Splenectomy ; Stomatitis ; Tail ; Ultrasonography ; Weight Loss