The Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is a gonadal tumor of sex-cord stromal type, similar to that seen in of the various phases of testicular development in the male. This tumor is exceedingly rare, accounting for only 0.1% to 0.5% of all primary ovarian neoplasms. It occurs predominantly in the second and third decades(mean age about 25 years), less than 10% after menopause. We investigated a case of poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of right ovary, occured in a 76-year-old woman. Grossly, the tumor measured 2, 100 gm in weight and 25 x 19 x 8 cm in dimensions. The outer surface was smooth and glistening without rupture of the capsule. Cut sections revealed a multilobulated brown solid mass with multiple cystic change. Microscopically, it showed the typical findings o a Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor. The characteristic feature is hemangiopericytoma paftem of sarcomatoid spindle cells. Therefore, we present it with a brief review of the literature.
Female ; Humans

Gestational trophoblastic tumor is one of the curable disease, but metastatic trophoblastic tumor still shows high mortality rate because of resistance to the chemotherapy. Choriocarcinoma may occur after an any type of human pregnancy. The incidence of choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy is very uncommon, and such tumor appears to follow a more aggressive course with more extensive metastatic spread and is less responsive to chemotherapy resulting in a poorer prognosis. Choriocarcinoma presenting as postpartum hemorrhage, and spontaneous tumor perforation with intra-abdominal hemorrhage is even rarer, requiring emergency laparotomy. We had experienced one case of metastatic choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy that required emergency total abdominal hysterectomy due to uterine perforation and hemorrhage. So, we report this case with brief review of literatures.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Mortality ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis ; Trophoblastic Neoplasms ; Uterine Perforation*

No abstract available.
Hallermann's Syndrome*

During the three the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surges in South Korea, there was a shortage of hospital beds for COVID-19 patients, and as a result, there were cases of death while waiting for hospitalization. To minimize the risk of death and to allow those confirmed with COVID-19 to safely wait for hospitalization at home, the local government of Gyeonggido in South Korea developed a novel home management system (HMS). The HMS team, comprised of doctors and nurses, was organized to operate HMS. HMS provided a two-way channel for the taskforce and patients to monitor the severity of patient's condition and to provide healthcare counseling as needed. In addition, the HMS team cooperated with a triage/bed assignment team to expedite the response in case of an emergency, and managed a database of severity for real-time monitoring of patients. The HMS became operational for the first time in August 2020, initially managing only 181 patients; it currently manages a total of 3,707 patients. The HMS supplemented the government's COVID-19 confirmed case management framework by managing patients waiting at home for hospitalization due to lack of hospital and residential treatment center beds. HMS also could contribute a sense of psychological stability in patients and prevented the situation from worsening by efficient management of hospital beds and reduction of workloads on public healthcare centers. To stabilize and improve the management of COVID-19 confirmed cases, governments should organically develop self-treatment and HMS, and implement a decisive division of roles within the local governments.

During the three the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surges in South Korea, there was a shortage of hospital beds for COVID-19 patients, and as a result, there were cases of death while waiting for hospitalization. To minimize the risk of death and to allow those confirmed with COVID-19 to safely wait for hospitalization at home, the local government of Gyeonggido in South Korea developed a novel home management system (HMS). The HMS team, comprised of doctors and nurses, was organized to operate HMS. HMS provided a two-way channel for the taskforce and patients to monitor the severity of patient's condition and to provide healthcare counseling as needed. In addition, the HMS team cooperated with a triage/bed assignment team to expedite the response in case of an emergency, and managed a database of severity for real-time monitoring of patients. The HMS became operational for the first time in August 2020, initially managing only 181 patients; it currently manages a total of 3,707 patients. The HMS supplemented the government's COVID-19 confirmed case management framework by managing patients waiting at home for hospitalization due to lack of hospital and residential treatment center beds. HMS also could contribute a sense of psychological stability in patients and prevented the situation from worsening by efficient management of hospital beds and reduction of workloads on public healthcare centers. To stabilize and improve the management of COVID-19 confirmed cases, governments should organically develop self-treatment and HMS, and implement a decisive division of roles within the local governments.

No abstract available.
Liver* ; Osteosarcoma*

The authors studied the strabiEmus of 50 cases in children under six years of age. A total of 50 cases were screened in out patient department from April 1972 to July 1973. The results are as followings: Among them, 28 cases of exotropia, 18 cases of exotropia and 4 cases of hypertropia were observed. Generally, there were more female than male. According to the refractive status, there were more hypertropia among esotropia and more myopia among exotropia. There were only 3 cases those visual acuity were below 0.1 and the remainder were above 0.1. According to the age, there were 11 cases under the 2 yrs of age, 15 cases in the age 3 yrs to 4 yrs and 20 cases over 6 yrs. The onset of 36 cases were so incidious that were unknown and those of 8 cases were gradual. The strabismus were markedly detected under the 1 year of age (26 cases) and 31 cases were alternating type and 15 cases were monocular. And it \vas interesting fact that 19 cases were first child.
Child* ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myopia ; Strabismus* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the CT appearance of renal cell carcinoma and to correlate it with nuclear grading andcell type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The size, outer margin and heterogeneity of inner texture of renal cell carcinomas in 86 patients were evaluated on CT scan and were correlated with nuclear grade and cell type. RESULTS: Tumors less than 5cm were of low grade in 28 of 31 patients, while those larger than 5cm were of low grade in 28 of 55 patients. The lesions which showed no or round protrusion with a sharp margin were of low grade in 26 of 28 patients, while those which showed an undulated or indistinct margin were of low grade in 30 of 58 patients. Lesions which showed a homogeneous solid appearance, focal low densities, or mostly cystic changes were of low grade in 23 of 26 patients, while those which showed multiple or confluent low densites were low grade in 33 of 60 patients. There was a significant difference in the distribution of nuclear grading between the groups. Differences in CT apperance according to cell type were not found. CONCLUSION: Differences in less than 5cm showing no or round protrusion with a sharp margin, homogeneous inner texture with solid appearance, and heterogeneous inner texture with cystic appearance or focal low densities on CT scan were thought to be the findings suggesting low nuclear grading.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Humans ; Population Characteristics ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVES: Recently, recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been manufactured using a Chinese hamster ovary cell line transfected with the gene encoding human FSH. Both rFSH and urinary gonadotropin (uFSH) could be used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). However, uFSH implies a number of disadvantages, such as batch-to-batch inconsistency, no absolute source control, dependence on large amounts of urine, low specific activity, and low purity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rFSH in human IVF-ET program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 508 infertile women was enrolled in this study. They are classified into rFSH group (n=177) or uFSH group (n=331), and all of them were matched by age and cause of infertility in same period. The Puregon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as rFSH, and the Metrodin-HP(R) (Serono, Switzeland) and Humegon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as uFSH. We subdivided the patients into three age groups. The outcomes of IVF-ET program were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). RESULTS: There was no significant differences in the level of estradiol on hCG injection day, the numbers of retrieved oocytes, matured oocytes, fertilized oocytes, transferred embryos, frozen embryos between the two groups. The total dose (IU) of gonadotropin for COH was significantly lower in the rFSH group compared to uFSH group (1339+/-5491.1 vs 2527.8+/-1075.2 IU, p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer in the rFSH group showed increasing tendency, compared to the uFSH group, but there was no statistical significance (35.2% vs 29.3%). Our results demonstrated that the relative efficiency of rFSH compared with uFSH is higher in older patients. CONCLUSIONS: The ovarian stimulatory effect and clinical outcome of recombinant FSH was similar to that of the urinary gonadotropin. The IVF-ET cycles with significantly lower dose of gonadotropin in rFSH group showed comparable results. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant FSH is more potent and effective than urinary gonadotropin.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human* ; Gonadotropins ; Humans* ; Infertility ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Rate ; Social Sciences

A study was conducted to present clinical and statistical analysis of pediatric patients admitted to Severance Hospital between Jan. 1966 and Dec. 1975. Remakable progress has been made in the field of pediatrics and pediatric surgery, particularly in physiology, anesthesiology and operative technique. However, the ultimate result hasn't been totally satisfactory, largely due to the lack of cognizance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Futhermore, most of the patients with associated abnormal conditions, such as congenital heart disease, other associated G.I. anomalies and chromosomal anomalies, require surgery, urgently A total of 250 cases were analyzed according to systems. The following results were obtained; 1. 1. In the sex ratio male to female was 6-7:1. 2. 2. The order of frequency of diseases was as follows; Congenital megacolon 50 cases(20.0%), Imperforated anus 45 cases (18.0%), Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis 41 cases(16.4%), Congenital anomalies of intestine 29 cases (11.6%), Congenital anomalies of hepatobiliary system 25 cases(10.0%), Meckel's diverticulum 18 cases(7.2%), Situs inversus 11 cases (4.4%), Congenital diaphragmatic hernia 6cases(2.4%), Congenital anomalies of cecum 6 cases(2.4%), Esophageal diverticulum 6 cases (2.4%), Esophagealatresia 4 cases (1.6%), Congenital anomalies of pancreas 4 cases (1.6%), Patent omphalomessentric duct 2 cases (0.8%), Congenital intestinal perforation 2 cases (0.8%), and Congenital stomach perforation 1 cases (0.4%). 3. There was an overall mortality rate of 36 cases (18.9%), the causes of death were frequently associated with respiratory failure. 4. Associated congenital anomlies were found in 57 cases. They were G. I. Anomalies, congenital heart diseases, Down's syndrome and cleft palate. 5. Of significance was the fact in this study, congenital megacolon had the highest incidence which was in sharp contrast to accidental series in which congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis showed the peak incidence. These figures are very similar to that reported in various publications. This analysis suggest that a more keen understanding of neonatal physiology, embryology, surgical technique and improved post-operative care for anomalous patients, may certainly improve the ultimate outcome of corrective surgery.
Anal Canal ; Anesthesiology ; Cause of Death ; Cecum ; Cleft Palate ; Digestive System* ; Diverticulum, Esophageal ; Down Syndrome ; Early Diagnosis ; Embryology ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intestinal Perforation ; Intestines ; Male ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Mortality ; Pancreas ; Pediatrics ; Physiology ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sex Ratio ; Situs Inversus ; Statistics as Topic* ; Stomach