This study was carried out to observe the ultrastructure of tongue mast cells in frog, Bombina orientalis. In the light microscopy, mast cells were round, oval, spindle-like and irregular shape and occasionally had one or more tail-like long cytoplasmic processes. Mast cells had many red granules stained with toluidine blue in the cytoplasm. In the electron microscopy, mast cells had membrane-bounded granules and poorly developed organelles. The granules were composed of two parts, low and dense electron density. In high magnification the dense part in the middle region of granule had honey comb-like crystalline structure.
Anura* ; Crystallins ; Cytoplasm ; Honey ; Mast Cells* ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron ; Organelles ; Tolonium Chloride ; Tongue*

The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphologic changes of the sinusoidal endothelial cells and the associated structures of the cirrhotic rat liver induced by repeat intraperitoneal injections of N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (100 mg/kg/week). One day to 6 weeks later, rat livers were observed under the light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and immunostained with laminin antibody. Two weeks after DEN treatment, the fibrillar material in Disse's space was noted, and then a basement membrane-like structure was found at 4 weeks after treatment. Laminin was detected in perisinusoidal areas after 4 weeks. Laminin was strongly positive on the fibrous septum and in the sinusoidal wall of cirrhotic nodules after 6 weeks of treatment. The diameters and numbers of sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations did not change significantly until 2 weeks. They decreased within 4 weeks, and then the sinusoidal endothelium was poorly fenestrated at 6 weeks after DEN treatment. These results suggest that as fibrosis develops in cirrhosis, the deposit of extracellular matrix such as laminin within Disse's space is a major contributing factor in the structural alteration of sinusoidal endothelial cells, and the capillarization of the sinusoidal endothelial cells may be a contributor to impairment of the hepatic function in cirrhosis.
Rats ; Animals

No abstract available.
Hyperprolactinemia*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to identify the factors influencing the existential spiritual well-being in the patients with alcohol dependence. METHODS: The research design was a descriptive survey research with self-report questionnaire about existential spiritual well-being, self-esteem, trait anger, depression, family function, and interpersonal relations scale. Participants in the study were 240 patients with dependence who were collected randomly from 10 mental hospitals and 5 alcoholic centers and 1 alcoholics anonymous in Busan, Deagu city and Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do region. RESULTS: The forecasting regression model of existential spiritual well-bing appeared to be significant, the order of influencing factor was self-esteem (beta=.36, p<.001), depression (beta=-.38, p<.001), interpersonal relations (beta=.18, p=.001), and not being employed for last one year (beta=-.11, p=.007). CONCLUSION: The development of program which vitalizes the vocational rehabilitation and intervention is needed to increase the existential spiritual well-being of the patients with alcohol dependence by increasing the self-esteem and interpersonal relations and decreasing depression which are the major influencing factors.
Alcoholics ; Alcoholics Anonymous ; Alcoholism* ; Anger* ; Busan ; Daegu ; Depression* ; Forecasting ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation, Vocational ; Research Design ; Spirituality

We report a case of alopecia areata in a 32-year-old man that developed during the course of cyclosporine therapy following kidney transplantation. Cyclosporine has been reported to be of value in the treatment of alopecia areata. It would therefore appear unlikely that alopecia areata would develop in our patient while he was undergoing cyclosporine therapy. To our knowledge, this is a rare case report of alopecia areata in a patient taking cyclosporine in Korean dermatologic literature.
Adult ; Alopecia Areata* ; Alopecia* ; Cyclosporine* ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to understand biomechanical characteristics during the process of initiation of gait (IOG) from the standing position in hemiplegic patients. METHOD: We recorded the ratio of the vertical forces of both limbs to body weight and the movement of net center of pressure (COP) on two force platforms during the process of initiation of gait (IOG) from standing in 10 normal control and 10 hemiplegic patients and processed these data using ELITE DMA acquisition program. All data were collected with uninvolved limb and involved limb and compared each other by independent samples t-test. RESULTS: 1) In 10 hemiplegic patients, nine patients began taking a step with an uninvolved limb in the first, followed by an involved limb. 2) The period of IOG of the swing limb was 0.80 sec when patients walked with an uninvolved side and those of the stance limb was 1.60 sec with involved side. When the control group walked, the period of IOG of the swing limb was 0.70 sec and those of stance limb was 1.50 sec. The period of IOG of the swing limb in uninvolved side and those of the stance limb in involved side showed significant longer than control group. 3) The latency of IOG of swing and stance limb was significantly more prolonged than control groups. 4) Anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) distance of net COP from release to unloading with uninvolved limb showed significant longer than control groups. 5) The velocity of net COP displacement from start to release with involved limb was significantly slower than control groups. CONCLUSION: This pattern of IOG could be used as one of the tools to evaluate postural control during gait training in the hemiplegic patients with gait disabilities, and it can be used as a basis for specific therapeutic intervention, and it allows evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment.
Body Weight ; Extremities ; Gait* ; Humans ; Stroke*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was done to identify the nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room. METHOD: The subjects in this study were 127 patients in a recovery room between 6/9/2001 and 24/9/2001. The instrument used for this study was the descriptive questionnaire developed by Shin Hyun-Jin (1999). The data was analysed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and factor analysis using the SPSS program. RESULT: 1) Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample appropriateness was 0.799 and Bartlett's test of sphericity significant probability was 0.000. 2) The mean score for nursing care need of patients in the recovery room was 4.17+/-.51 of a total possible score of 5. The score of nursing need for different parameters was as follows: Educational need (4.31+/-.49), physical need (4.27+/-.47), emotional need (4.11+/-.52), environmental need (3.99+/-.56). 3) Differences in the needs for nursing care according to the demographics were significant for gender, marital status, operation experience, and departments consulted. General characteristic variables significantly related to nursing need were as follows: Physical need significantly related to the departments consulted (F=2.23, p=.036). Educational need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.55, P=.012), departments consulted (F=2.30, p=.031). Emotional need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.22, p=.028). Environmental need significantly related to the gender (t=-2.44, p=.016), marital status (F=2.01, p=.046), operation experience (t=-1.99, p=.048). CONCLUSION: Nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room are significantly related to educational need, physical need, emotional need and environmental need. Intervention plans and program need to be developed to improve strategies to meet nursing needs of patients in the recovery room.
Demography ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing Care ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recovery Room*

In obsterics and gynecology laparoscopic surgery is increasing in numbers and gaining wide popularity replacing classical laparotomy and is becoming new trend in surgical fields. Laparoscopic surgery is favoured over the classical laparotomy because of numerous advantages but it can cause complications by insuffulatory CO2 to induce artificial pneumoperitoneum. Therefore, wide knowledges and thorough understandings of anesthesiologist on the prevention of complications and their treatments are essential. Authors present one case that the patient developed subcutaneous emphysema and ateleciasis on right upper lobe, pulmonary edema in left side lung resulting from inadvertent one lung ventilation during laparoscopic hysterectomy under general anesthesia and on trendelenberg position.
Anesthesia, General* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation* ; Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial ; Pulmonary Edema ; Subcutaneous Emphysema*

A 46-year-old man had noticed an asymptomatic, small, yellowish, papular eruption on the scalp about one year ago. Since then, the lesions had slowly increased in size and number. There was no family history of similar lesions. An incision made into the cysts discharged oily yellow material. Biopsy of a lesion disclosed that the cysts had typical features of steatocystoma multiplex histologically. This case was a unique eruptive variety of steatocystoma multiplex on the scalp.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Scalp* ; Steatocystoma Multiplex*

PURPOSE: This study was based on social-role theory, and purposes were to investigate (1) how depression and health determinants vary with married and employed women, and (2) what factors contribute to depression according to family cycle. METHODS: A stratified convenience sample of 765 married and employed women was recruited during May to August 2010. Study variables of depression, socio-demographic threatening factors, psycho-stimulating factors, and social-role related factors were measured via a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Prevalence rate for depression was 18.6%, with highest rate (25.4%) from elementary laborers. Greater levels of depression were related to women's occupation, higher life stress, and poorer health; lower social support and vulnerable personality; higher levels of social-role related stress. From multivariate analysis, women with preadolescents were the most vulnerable to depression affected by occupation, life stress, personality, and parenting stress. These factors (except for occupational class) combined with economic status, social support, and housework unfairness were significant for depression in women with adolescents. CONCLUSION: Depression among married and employed women differs by psycho-stimulating and social role relevant factors in addition to occupational class and family life cycle. Female elementary laborers and women with children need to have the highest prioritization for community mental health programs.
Adult ; Depression/epidemiology/*psychology ; Employment ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Marriage ; Models, Theoretical ; Parenting ; Questionnaires ; *Social Support ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Stress, Psychological ; Women's Health