No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for non-humidified low flow oxygen by nasal cannula and to provide a guide for consistent care in nursing practice. METHODS: A methodological study on the development of guidelines with experts' opinions on collected items, framing PICO questions, evaluating and synthesizing texts which were searched with the key words (low flow oxygen, nasal cannula, humidification of oxygen, guideline) from web search engines. RESULTS: Of the 45 researched texts on the web, 9 texts relevant to the theme were synthesized and evaluated. All patients with humidified or non-humidified oxygen therapy reported that they had no discomfort. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that there are no tangible grounds for patients' perceived differences between the humidified and non-humidified oxygen under 4L/min supplied by nasal cannula. with oxygen. Therefore, non-humidification oxygen therapy is strongly advised when suppling under 4L/min oxygen by nasal cannula (recommended grade A).
Catheters ; Humans ; Oxygen

No abstract available.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) D multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 2% of all MM cases and has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis compared with other MM subtypes. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of high-dose melphalan treatment and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) on the survival of patients with IgD MM and patients with other MM subtypes. Between November 1998 and January 2005, a total of 77 patients with MM who underwent ASCT at the Asan Medical Center were enrolled in this study. High-dose melphalan (total 200 mg/m2) was used as high-dose chemotherapy. The study population was divided into two groups based on MM subtype: those with IgD MM; and those with other MM subtypes. A total of 8 patients with IgD MM were identified, accounting for about 10% of the study population. Thirty-six patients (47%) had IgG MM, 17 patients (22%) had IgA MM, and 16 patients (20%) had free light-chain MM. The two groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The median follow-up was 17 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 39 months. In the IgD MM group, median eventfree survival (EFS) and OS were 6.9 and 12 months, respectively. In the patients with other MM subtypes, median EFS and OS were 11.5 and 55.5 months (p=0.01, p<0.01), respectively. Multivariate analysis of all patients identified IgD subtype (p=0.002) and Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) stage 2 or greater at the time of ASCT (p=0.01) as adverse prognostic factors for survival. In this small study at a single center in Korea, patients with IgD MM had poorer outcomes after ASCT than did patients with other MM subtypes.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D/*chemistry ; Male ; Melphalan/*pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/*drug therapy/genetics/*immunology ; Myeloablative Agonists/*pharmacology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

NK-cell lymphoma, distinct clinicopathologic entity, almost always occurs in the naso-sinal region. NK-cell lymphomas of other extranodal sites have also been recognized in previous case reports, but very rare. As far as we know, only four cases of primary pulmonary NK-cell lymphoma were reported worldwide. We experienced a case of primary pulmonary NK-cell lymphoma. A 54-year-old man was admitted because of cough and chest discomfort. The chest CT shows multifocal ground-glass and nodular opacities in both lungs. Video Assisted Thoracoscopy (VATS) was performed to assess the lung lesion. The tumor cells were characterized by cytoplasmic CD3 (+), CD56 (+), T-cell receptor antigen (-), Epstein-Barr Virus (+) and T-cell gene rearrangement (-), These findings were compatible with NK-cell lymphoma. So we performed the whole body Flurodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) to exclude any other lesion. The FDG-PET showed multiple hypermetabolic lesions only located in both lungs. The patient underwent 6 cycles of chemotherapy according to a CHOP regimen. Now his disease state is complete remission. To our knowledge, this is the first case of primary pulmonary NK-cell lymphoma in Korea.
Cough ; Cytoplasm ; Drug Therapy ; Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Lymphoma* ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; Thoracoscopy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Candida guilliermondii is found in sea water, animal feces, buttermilk, and beer and has been isolated from human infections, mostly of cutaneous origin. It usually causes skin and soft tissue infections and has decreased susceptibility to fluconazole. Systemic infections occur mostly in immunocompromised patients. A 38-year-old female was admitted with a 4-day fever. Her medical and family histories were unremarkable, except for obesity. She had been taking diet pills for 3 months and had undergone injection therapy into her abdomen for lipolysis for 1 month. She did not respond to empirical antibiotics. A Candida species was isolated from blood cultures and identified as C. guilliermondii based on partial LSU rRNA gene sequence analyses. She was treated with amphotericin B, and recovered completely.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Beer ; Candida ; Candidemia ; Cultured Milk Products ; Diet ; Feces ; Female ; Fever ; Fluconazole ; Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Lipolysis ; Obesity ; Seawater ; Sequence Analysis ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Infections

PURPOSE: Timely antibiotic therapy in selected cases of diarrhea associated with bacterial infections can reduce the duration and severity of illness and prevent complications. The availability of a predictive index before identification of causative bacteria would aid in the choice of a therapeutic agent. METHODS: The study included patients admitted to the pediatrics unit at Konyang University Hospital for acute inflammatory diarrhea from August 1, 2015 to July 31, 2016 who underwent multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing. Of 248 patients, 83 had positive results. The clinical symptoms and blood test results were examined in 61 patients with Campylobacter spp. (25 patients), Salmonella spp. (18 patients), and Clostridium perfringens (18 patients) infections. The mean age of the 61 patients (male:femal=31:30) was 84.0±54.8 months, and the mean hospital stay was 4.6±1.7 days. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in sex, age, clinical symptoms, or signs. Patients with Campylobacter infection were significantly older (P=0.00). C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with Campylobacter infection were higher than those in the other 2 groups, at 9.6±6.1 mg/dL. The results of receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff age was ≥103.5 months (sensitivity, 72%; specificity, 86%) and the CRP cutoff level was ≥4.55 mg/dL (sensitivity, 80%; specificity, 69%). CONCLUSION: Age (≥103.5 months) and higher CRP level (≥4.55 mg/dL) were good predictors of Campylobacter enterocolitis. If neither criterion was met, Campylobacter enterocolitis was unlikely (negative predictive value 97.2%). When both criteria were met, Campylobacter enterocolitis was highly likely.
Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; C-Reactive Protein ; Campylobacter Infections ; Campylobacter* ; Child* ; Clostridium perfringens ; Diarrhea ; Enteritis* ; Enterocolitis ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pediatrics ; Salmonella ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Bacterial aortitis is rare and without surgical intervention, it usually leads to uncontrolled sepsis or catastrophic hemorrhage, ultimately, resulting in death. In the postantibiotic era, the dominant infecting organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp.. In spite of frequent pneumococcal bacteremia, vascular seeding is rare and there is only one published report in Korea. We describe a 77-year-old female with primary pneumococcal bacteremia followed by aortitis of the descending aorta, which was successfully treated by aneurysmectomy, wide excision of periaortic tissue, aortobiiliac bypass via prosthetic graft, and antibiotic therapy.
Aged ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortitis* ; Bacteremia* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Salmonella ; Sepsis ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus* ; Transplants

Gastrointestinal strongyloidiasis and Cytomegalovirus infection mostly occur in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, undergoing immunosuppressive therapy after organ transplantation, and suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A 56-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and constipation. He had a 10-year history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has been treated intermittently with systemic steroid. The gastroduodenoscopic examination showed a single ulcer on the duodenal bulb and microscopic finding of the biopsy specimens from the ulcer revealed Strongyloides stercoralis and cytomegalovirus immunohistochemical stain positive intranuclear inclusion body on the mucosal surface. The patient was successfully treated with albendazole and ganciclovir.
Abdominal Pain ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Albendazole ; Biopsy ; Coinfection ; Constipation ; Cytomegalovirus ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Ganciclovir ; Humans ; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ; Middle Aged ; Organ Transplantation ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Steroids ; Stress, Psychological ; Strongyloides ; Strongyloides stercoralis ; Strongyloidiasis ; Transplants ; Ulcer

Bacterial aortitis is rare and without surgical intervention, it usually leads to uncontrolled sepsis or catastrophic hemorrhage, ultimately, resulting in death. In the postantibiotic era, the dominant infecting organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp.. In spite of frequent pneumococcal bacteremia, vascular seeding is rare and there is only one published report in Korea. We describe a 77-year-old female with primary pneumococcal bacteremia followed by aortitis of the descending aorta, which was successfully treated by aneurysmectomy, wide excision of periaortic tissue, aortobiiliac bypass via prosthetic graft, and antibiotic therapy.
Aged ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortitis* ; Bacteremia* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Salmonella ; Sepsis ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus* ; Transplants