1.Development and Performance Test of Preamplifier and Amplifier for Gamma Probe.
Jong Doo LEE ; Hee Joung KIM ; Jung Kyun BONG ; Soo Il KWON
Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1999;33(1):100-109
PURPOSE: Preamplifier and amplifier are very important parts for developing a portable counting or imaging gamma probe. They can be used for analyzing pulses containing energy and position information for the emitted radiations. The commercial Nuclear Instrument Modules (NIMs) can be used for processing these pulses. However, it may be improper to use NIMs in developing a portable gamma probe, because of its size and high price. The purpose of this study was to develop both preamplifier and amplifier and measure their performance characteristics. MATERIALS and Methodes: The preamplifier and amplifier were designed as a charge sensitive device and a capacitor resistor-rsistor capacitor (CR-RC) electronic circuit, respectively, and they were mounted on a print circuit board (PCB). We acquired and analyzed energy spectra for Tc-99m and Cs-137 using both PCB and NIMs. Multichannel analyzer (Accuspec/A, Caberra Industries Inc., Meriden Connecticut, U.S.A) and scintillation detectors (EP-047 (Bicron Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial EP-047 (Ceramics Co., Ohio, U.S.A) with 2"x2" NaI (T1) crystal and R1535 (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., Electron Tube Center, Shizuoka-ken, Japan) with 1"x1"NaI (T1) crystal) were used for acquiring the energy spectra. RESULTS: Using PCB, energy resolutions or EP-047 detectors for Tc-99m and Cs-137 were 12.92% and 5.01%, respectively, whereas R1535 showed 13.75% and 5.19% of energy resolution. Using the NIM devices, energy resolutions of EP-047 detector for Tc-99m and Cs-137 were measured as 14.6% and 7.58%, respectively. However, reliable energy spectrum of R1535 detector could not be acquired, since its photomultiplier tube (PMT) requires a specific type of preamplifier. CONCLUSION: We developed a special preamplifier and amplifier suitable for a small sized gamma probe that showed good energy resolutions independent of PMT types. The RESULTS indicate that the PCB can be used in developing both counting and imaging gamma probe.
Connecticut
;
Ohio
;
Optics and Photonics
2.A comparison of density of Insight and Ektaspeed plus dental x-ray films using automatic and manual processing.
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2001;31(1):17-22
PURPOSE: To compare the film density of Insight dental X-ray film (Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, NY, USA) with that of Ektaspeed Plus film (Eastman Kodak) under manual and automatic processing conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Insight and Ektaspeed Plus films were exposed at three different exposure conditions with an aluminum step wedge on the films under the three different exposure times. The exposed films were processed by both manual and automatic ways. The Base plus fog density and the optical density made by exposing step wedge were calculated using a digital densitometer (model 07-443, Victoreen Inc, Cleveland, Ohio, USA). The optical densities of the Insight and Ektaspeed film versus thickness of alumimun wedge at the same exposure time were plotted on the graphs. Statistical analyses were applied for comparing the optical densities of the two films. RESULTS: The film density of both Insight films and Ektaspeed Plus films under automatic processing condition was significantly higher over the manual processing. The film density of Insight films was significantly higher than that of Ektaspeed Plus films on both automatic and manual processing conditions. CONCLUSION: The radiation exposure time can be reduced when using Insight over Ektaspeed Plus film. To take the full advantage of reducing exposure time, Insight film should be processed automatically.
Aluminum
;
Ohio
;
Radiography
;
Weather
;
X-Ray Film*
3.Introduction of legislation of disciplinary system for acupuncturists in various states in the United States: taking Ohio and other 11 states as examples.
Yu-Yang YANG ; Jia JIANG ; Jing REN ; Jing-Yuan LIU ; Yu-Chen FU ; Ni NI ; Bo-Yuan ZHANG
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2022;42(8):923-926
With 12 representative states such as Ohio and Illinois as examples, the disciplinary system for acupuncturists in the United States is introduced. The disciplinary system mainly covers several aspects such as the subject of the implementation, the types of illegal acts, the form of disciplinary responsibility, and the hearing procedure. The acupuncture industry association has the responsibility of disciplinary action in most states. Corresponding disciplinary measures will be taken depending on the illegal activities of acupuncturists according to the types of illegal practice specified by each state. The hearing procedure provides procedural guarantee for the subsequent rights protection activities of acupuncturists.
Acupuncture
;
Acupuncture Therapy/methods*
;
Ohio
;
United States
4.End - tidal Carbon Dioxide Measurements in the Pediatric Patients : A Comparison of End - tidal PCO2 Sampled from the Proximal and Distal Ends of Pediatric Uncuffed Tracheal Tube.
Hye Won LEE ; Po Sun KANG ; Hae Ja LIM ; Byung Kook CHAE ; Seong Ho CHANG ; Jung Soon SHIN
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1992;25(4):664-668
To determine the accuracy of end-tidal PCO2(PetCO2) measurement analysed with Ohmeda 5210 capnometer in the pediatric patients whose jung were ventilated with Ohio infant Circle Absorber and Ohio Ventilatior 7200, we compared PetCO2, measurements sampled from the proximal(PetCO2-p) and distal(PetCO2-d) ends of the tracheal tube to arterial PCO2(PaCO2) in 22 healthy pediatric patients between 6.8 to 18.5kg. The results were as follow: 1) Proximal PetCO2 and distal PetCO2 correlated with PaCO2(r=0.76%, SEE=2.79, r=0.70:SEE=3.01, respectively)(p<0.05). 2)Arterial to end-tidal PCO2 difference(delta(a-et)PCO2) was significantyly greater with distal(3.53+/-4.68 mmhg) than proximal(0.35+/-2.72 mmhg) sampling(p<0.05). 3) In subgroup of patients whose proximal to distal concentration of nitrous oxide difference was more than 2%, the delta(a-et)PCO2 using distal sampling(7.90+/-5.15 mmhg) was also significantly greater then it was using proximal sampling(-1.73+/-2.39 mmhg)(p<0.05).. We conclude that distal estimates of PetCO2-P can not provide accepatbale estimate of PaCO2 in healthy pediatric patients who are intubated with pediatric uncuffed tracheal tube.
Carbon Dioxide*
;
Carbon*
;
Humans
;
Infant
;
Nitrous Oxide
;
Ohio
5.A Case of Blastomycosis after Traveling around Non-Endemic Area.
Chang Gyun SEO ; Young Woo SEO ; Hun Pyo PARK ; Won Il CHOI ; Han Seung BEOM ; Kun Young KWON ; Soo Ji SUH ; Young June JEON
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2005;58(6):619-623
Blastomycosis is a systemic pyogranulomatous disease that is caused by a thermally dimorphic fungus, Blastomyces dermatitidis. it's the disease is endemic in the south-eastern and south central states of the USA, which border the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers, the mid-western states and Canadian provinces bordering the Great Lakes as well as in a small area of New York and Canada adjacent to the St. Lawrence River.1 We encountered a case of blastomycosis, representing as a pulmonary manifestation after traveling around a non-endemic area and report it with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Blastomyces
;
Blastomycosis*
;
Canada
;
Fungi
;
Lakes
;
Mississippi
;
Ohio
;
Rivers
6.SARACAP Monitoring of Anesthesia Machines during Anesthesia.
Choon Soo LEE ; Young Joo LEE ; Chung Hyun CHO
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1991;24(2):404-412
With recent rise in medico-legal problems, there is also an increase in number of problems involved with anesthesia. Major causes of anesthetic accident are malfunctioning anesthetic machine and inappropriate gas flow and concentration of anesthetic gas, resulting from malfunctioning ventilatory circuit. Therefore, anesthesiologist needs an apparatus to determine the appropriateness of ventilation and a monitoring system to measure a concentration of inspired O2 and inhalation anesthetics. To prevent circulatory and respiratory abnormalities and to promote the safty during anesthesia, we used the SARA monitoring system, as an indicator of safty measure. We monitored the anesthesia machines (n=17), using in operating room in Shinchon Severance hospital, by using the SARA monitoring system which was connected to the distal portion of endotracheal tube. We intended to analysis the relationships between anesthetic machines, vaporizers, ventilators and parameters measured form each machine, in clinical use. The results were as follows; 1) Average used year of anesthesia machines was 7.7 years, that of vaporizers was 7.6 years and that of ventilator's was 4.0 years. 2) When vaporizers dial was fixed at enflurane 2.0%, average measured-FiEnf was 2.02+/-0.22%, equal to dial setting and average FiEnf was 1.70+/-0.25%, usually lower than dial setting. 3) In some anesthesia machines, CO2 rebreathing occured always during ansthesia and FiEnf & FeEnf were decreased in case of CO2 rebreathing. 4) FiEnf by vaporizers was decreased as following orders, Draeger, Ohio and Cyprene.
Anesthesia*
;
Anesthetics, Inhalation
;
Enflurane
;
Nebulizers and Vaporizers
;
Ohio
;
Operating Rooms
;
Ventilation
;
Ventilators, Mechanical
7.A Economic Device of Gas Evacuator designed with Angle Stop Valve .
Jin Churl JOO ; Chung Hun YOON ; Kyu Suk SUH ; Kwang II SHIN ; Sang Ho JIN
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1978;11(2):169-171
Recent studies suggest possible deleterious effects of chronic exposure to certain common anesthetic agents. A simple and economic gas evacuator was designed with an angle stop valve of a water pipc system which was easily purchased from a hardware store. The device was installed as follows: 1) The pop-off valve assembly of an Ohio Unitrol anesthesia machine was removed and replaced with atail-piece of an angle stop valve with a new screw which was made to fit in place. 2) The disk of the angle stop valve was fixed in place with adhesive cement. 3) The tail nut and tail packing of the angle stop valve were replaced with the same caliver long vinyl hose, which eliminated overflow anesthetic gases from the anesthesia machine air vent system of the operating room. This device is inexpensive and simple to operate and is being used successfully in routine clinical practice.
Adhesives
;
Anesthesia
;
Anesthetics
;
Anesthetics, Inhalation
;
Nuts
;
Ohio
;
Operating Rooms
;
Tail
;
Water
8.Studies on Fluorine Compounds among the Air Pollutants.
Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine 1971;4(1):31-34
This study was conducted by the Dept. of Preventive Medicine, Kyung-Hee University, School of Medicine as a preliminay test for the effects of Fluorine Compounds to the Plants from April through August, 1971. Fluorine was measured with Zirconium-Alizarine method and the following findings could be obtained : 1. Most high densities (25.7pptm) was found around the industrial areas and lowest (19.3pptm) around residential sections in Seoul. 2. Average density of Fluorine in the atmosphere of Seoul City was 22.3 pptm which can damage such plants as Pine, Strawberry, Peach and Grapes. 3. Fluorine contests (22.3pptm) in Seoul area atmosphere of shows about 4 times more than that of Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
Air Pollutants*
;
Atmosphere
;
Fluorine Compounds*
;
Fluorine*
;
Fragaria
;
Humans
;
Ohio
;
Preventive Medicine
;
Prunus persica
;
Seoul
;
Vitis
9.Studies on Fluorine Compounds among the Air Pollutants.
Korean Journal of Preventive Medicine 1971;4(1):31-34
This study was conducted by the Dept. of Preventive Medicine, Kyung-Hee University, School of Medicine as a preliminay test for the effects of Fluorine Compounds to the Plants from April through August, 1971. Fluorine was measured with Zirconium-Alizarine method and the following findings could be obtained : 1. Most high densities (25.7pptm) was found around the industrial areas and lowest (19.3pptm) around residential sections in Seoul. 2. Average density of Fluorine in the atmosphere of Seoul City was 22.3 pptm which can damage such plants as Pine, Strawberry, Peach and Grapes. 3. Fluorine contests (22.3pptm) in Seoul area atmosphere of shows about 4 times more than that of Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
Air Pollutants*
;
Atmosphere
;
Fluorine Compounds*
;
Fluorine*
;
Fragaria
;
Humans
;
Ohio
;
Preventive Medicine
;
Prunus persica
;
Seoul
;
Vitis
10.Effects of an integrated geriatric group balance class within an entry-level Doctorate of Physical Therapy program on students' perceptions of geriatrics and geriatric education in the United States.
Jennifer C. RENEKER ; Kyra WEEMS ; Vincent SCAIA
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 2016;13(1):35-
This study was aimed at determining the effect of an integrated group balance class for community-dwelling older adults within entry-level physical therapist coursework on student perceptions of geriatric physical therapy and geriatric physical therapy education. Twenty-nine Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students, 21–33 years old, in their second year of coursework in 2012, participated in an integrated clinical experience with exposure to geriatric patients at an outpatient facility at the Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Akron, Ohio, USA. Student perceptions were collected before and after participation in the 8-week balance class. The Wilcoxon sign-ranked test was used to identify differences in perceptions after participation in the group balance class. Cohen's d-values were calculated to measure the size of the pre-participation to post-participation effect for each measure. At the conclusion of the group class, the DPT students demonstrated an increase in positive perceptions of geriatric physical therapy in 8 measures, with small effect sizes (d=0.15–0.30). Two perceptions of geriatric physical therapy demonstrated a significant positive increase (P<0.05) with moderate effect sizes (d=0.47 and d=0.50). The students’ perceptions of geriatric education in the curriculum demonstrated a large positive effect for quality (d=1.68) and enjoyment (d=1.96). Positive changes were found in most of the perceptions of geriatrics and geriatric education after participation, suggesting that integrated clinical experiences with geriatric patients are an effective way to positively influence perceptions of physical therapist practice with older adults.
Adult
;
Curriculum
;
Education*
;
Geriatrics*
;
Humans
;
Independent Living
;
Ohio
;
Outpatients
;
Physical Therapists
;
United States*
;
Veterans