BACKGROUND: Not rarely we can find young people with acute myocardial infarction(AMI), many studies revealed they have fewer risk factors and less severe coronary angiographic abnormalities than middle and old aged group. METHODS: We studied clinical characteristics and coronary angiographic findings of 5 young men with AMI treated at Masan Koryo General Hospital from June 1986 June 1992. RESULTS: The age ranged between 19 and 32 years(mean 25.4). They had no other risk factors except cigrarette smoking(4 out of 5). Their coronary angiograms revealed no significant lesion in each infarct related artery. After discharge, all patient remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: AMI in young man might be related with cigarette smoking, and coronary artery spasm and/or thrombosis may play a significant role in its pathogenesis.
Arteries ; Coronary Vessels ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Spasm ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: Extended radical dissection of gastric cancer offers a more accurate stage, and complete removal of the metastatic lymph nodes raises the rate of curability. It has been thought for a long time that gastric cancer with paraaortic lymph-node metastasis is impossible to cure. However, with several reports of long-term survival of cases with paraaortic lymph-node metastasis, recently the procedure of paraaortic node dissection has become prevalent in Japan. METHODS: The study group was comprised with 348 patients of stage IV gastric cancer from among total of 2,015 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastric resection between 1979 and 1997 at the Department of Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital. Thirty-eight (38) of the 348 patients were paraaortic lymph-node positive (group I), 233 presented peritoneal metastasis (group II), and the remaining 77 presented liver metastasis (group III). The following factors were taken into consideration: age, sex, size of tumor, histopathologic classification, Borrmann type, location of tumor, DNA ploidy pattern, and survival rate. RESULTS: 1) In sex distribution, the third group (III) showed a statistically significant male predominence compared with the other groups (I=63.2%, II=67.4%, III=87.0%) (p<0.01). 2) In histopathologic classifications, well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas were more common in group III (I=10.5%, II=6.4%, III=22.0%). Poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas were more common in group II (I=44.7%, II=59.2%, III=27.3%) (p<0.01). 3) In Borrmann types, type IV was more common in group II (I=7.9%, II=27.8%, III=9.1%) (p<0.01). 4) In tumor location, antral involvement of the tumor was presented in 55.3% of group I, 54.7% of group II, and 67.5% of group III whereas whole involvement of stomach was presented in 5.3% of group I, 15.0% of group II, and 5.2% of group III (p<0.01). 5)Group I had a significantly higher (37.9%) two-year survival rate than the other groups (II=10.9%, III=12.8%) (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a greater prognostic benefit for radical surgery in cases of paraaortic lymph-node metastsis than in cases involving other stage IV gastric cancers.
Adenocarcinoma ; Classification ; DNA ; Humans ; Japan ; Jeollanam-do ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Ploidies ; Sex Distribution ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

To examine AZT resistance of HIV-1 isolates from AZT treated or untreated Korean, several biological characteristics such as syncytium formation, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity and the p24 antigen production in MT-2 cells infected with 4 HRT_1 isolates were determined. As controls, we tested HIV-1 HTLV-IIIB and pre-drug isolate as AZT susceptible strains, in addition to HIV-1 RTMC/MT-2 and post-drug isolate as AZT resistant strains. When the inoculum size of HIV-1 was 300 TCID50well and 100 TCID50/well, the AZT susceptibility of AZT untreated HIV-1 isolates 8806 and 9571 were similar to that of HIV-1 HTLV-IIIB and AZT-susceptible HIV-1 strains. When we evaluated AZT resistance of isolates HRs-1 8812 and 9113 treated with AZT for 36 months by observation of syncytium formation, HIV-1 8812 showed resistance simillar to that of HIV-1 RTMC/MT-2 strain forming syncytium up to AZT 1microgram/ml, and HIV-1 9113 showed resistance identical with that of AZT-resistant HIV-1 strain which formed syncytium up to AZT 10 microgram/ml. Especially, when we evaluated AZT resistance by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activty and the p24 antigen production, HIV-1 isolates 8812 and 9113 showed much higher resistance (>10 - 200 fold) compared with HN-1 RTMC/MT-2 and AZT-resistant HIV-1 strain.
Giant Cells ; HIV-1* ; Korea* ; Population Characteristics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Zidovudine*

Purpose: Methotrexate (MTX) is an immunosuppressive agent used to treat noninfectious inflammatory eye conditions and is generally administered orally for ocular inflammatory diseases. When used in rheumatological diseases, subcutaneous administration has been reported to show higher efficacy than oral administration. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous MTX in patients with refractory uveitis or choroiditis who did not respond to other immunosuppressive agents. Methods: A retrospective case series study was performed between January and December 2018. Patients with uveitis or chorioretinitis who showed little to no treatment response for 6 months or more with conventional immunosuppressive agents were treated with MTX, administered subcutaneously. After 6 months of treatment, patients were evaluated to determine whether complete suppression of inflammation sustained for ≥28 days was achieved in both eyes and whether improvement can be confirmed by fluorescein angiography (FAG). Results: Subcutaneous MTX treatment was performed on 18 patients: 11 had intermediate uveitis and seven had posterior uveitis. In the intermediate uveitis patient group, five patients (50% of the group excluding one patient who dropped out) showed improvement in FAG and three patients (30%) showed complete suppression of inflammation. In the posterior uveitis group, two out of seven patients (excluding two patients who dropped out) showed an improvement, two patients in the group showed little change, and one patient showed aggravation of FAG findings. Conclusions The study confirmed that in patients with uveitis or chorioretinitis who had a refractory response to treatment with other immunosuppressive agents, subcutaneous MTX showed improved treatment efficacy.

Cerebral sparganosis is a rare parasitic CNS disease. Recently we have experienced a case of sparganosis involving bilateral cerebral hemispheres. The brain CT scan and MRI with administration of the contrast material demonstrated an intensely enhanced lesion in the left parietal area, and low density lesions in the right parieto-occipital area and left occipital area with cerebromalacia. The titer of the anti-spargasnum IgG antibody in serum and CSF was high. The parasitic granulation capsule and inflammatory tissue were removed from the left parietal area using the Cosman-Roberts-Wels stereotactic guide.
Brain ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; Cerebrum* ; Encephalomalacia ; Immunoglobulin G ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rabeprazole ; Sparganosis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernia repair has gained in popularity in the past two decades. Despite the advantages TEP hernia repair, the approach is hindered by the relatively long learning curve of the surgery. We tried to estimate the necessary number of repetitions of TEP hernia repair in the learning curve using logarithmic and exponential function models. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all patients who underwent TEP hernia repair by a single surgeon consecutively at a single center. We calculated how many operations were needed to achieve a reduction in the expected operating time to mean operating time using logarithmic and exponential function models. RESULTS: In the 91 patients, the logarithmic function model predicted that 37 cases were needed to overcome the learning curve for TEP hernia repair while the exponential model predicted that 39 cases were needed. CONCLUSION: According to this study, at least 37 to 39 cases are needed in the overcome learning curve of TEP hernia repair. Further studies are needed to optimize surgical education and maximize quality.
Education ; Herniorrhaphy* ; Humans ; Learning Curve* ; Learning* ; Likelihood Functions ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the positive or negative effect of delaying embryo transfer(ET) one day in IVF-ET. METHODS: From May to July, 1997, a total of 64 patients was emolled in this prospective randomized case-controlled study. When the timing of oocyte retrieval was decided, random allocation of patients was made to one of the two groups: day 2 transfer or day 3 transfer. In day 3 transfer group, embryos were cultured in M3 media(Medi-Cult) for further 24 hours. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age of patients, infertility factor, basal serum FSH level, and serum E2 level on hCG day between two poups, but number of previous IVF-ET cycles was significantly higher in day 3 transfer group(p 0.042). Number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, and number of embryos transferred had no significant difference, but cumulative embryo score(CES) was significantly higher in day 3 transfer group(p 0.0001). Clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were bigher in day 3 transfer group, but without significance(34.4% vs. 21.9%; 8.7% vs, 5.4%). There were also no significant differences in spontaneous miscarriage and multiple pregnancy rates. Especially in patients over 35 years of age, clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were more higher in day 3 transfer group, but without significance(41.7% vs, 8.3%; 8.5% vs. 1.6%). CONCLUSION: Considering the higher number of previous cycles in day 3 transfer group, it is at least likely that delaying ET one day may be clinically beneficial in IVF-ET, especially in patients with old age or repeated failure of previous cycles.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Case-Control Studies ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Humans ; Infertility ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Prospective Studies ; Random Allocation

No abstract available.
Sperm-Ovum Interactions* ; Spermatozoa*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Infertility* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Addison Disease*