Developmental surface ultrastructure of Macroorchis spinulosus was studied by scanning electron microscopy. One-day-old juvenile fluke was leaf-shaped and bent ventrally. Body surface was covered densely with peg-like spines and with cobblestone-like cytoplasmic processes. Ciliated sensory papillae were concentrated around oral sucker. Several unciliated sensory papillae occurred equidistantly on oral sucker and acetabulum. The ciliated papillae appeared in two longitudinal lines symmetric bilaterally on dorsal surface. On adult flukes, tegumantal spines became wider in middle of the body surface. The cytoplasmic processes differentiated into more fine velvety form. It is likely that the differentiated fine cytoplasmic processes are an increased absorptive surface to adult M. spinulosus. It is suggested that single pointed tegumental spines on anterior half of the body may be supportive for this fluke to migration.
Animals ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Trematoda/*anatomy & histology/*ultrastructure

Scrub typhus (Tsutsugamushi disease)is an acute febrile systemic illness caused by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi that is transmitted to humans by the bite of larval-stage trombiculid mites (chiggers). The authors analyzed chest radiographic findings of scrub typhus in 160 patients in Ulsan area. One hundred and eight (67.5%) of160 patients showed abnormal findings which included lung lesions in 108 patients (67.5%), cardiomegaly in 37 patients (23.1%), lymphadenopathy in 25 patients (15.6%) and pleural effusion in 11 patients (6.9%). Among the lung lesions, interstitial patterns were seen in 107 patients (66.9%), mostly fine or medium reticulonodular, and air-space patterns in 14 patients(8.8%) and combined interstitial and air-space patterns in 13 patients (8.1%). Sixty-four patients(40%) had combined chest radiographic findings. The typical chest radiographic findings of scrub typhus would be helpful in evaluation of the causes of acute febrile illness that occur during late fall in the endemic area.
Cardiomegaly ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Scrub Typhus* ; Thorax* ; Trombiculidae ; Ulsan*

No abstract available.
Axilla* ; Paget Disease, Extramammary*

No abstract available.
Blood Gas Analysis* ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Immobilization* ; Rib Fractures* ; Ribs*

Polyarteritis nodosa is one of the necrotizing vasculitis inv'olving small and medium sized arteries. Polyarteritis nodosa may affect many organs such as kidney, musculoskeletal system, gastrointestinal tract, skin, heart, and nerve. In Cupps and Fauci's autopsy studies, muscle involvement was found in 39% of the patients with polyarteritis nodosa. Commonly Polyarteritis nodosa may be presented clinically by myalgia. We experienced a case of polyarteritis nodosa presenting as myositis, diagnosed by muscle biopsy and renal angiography, which appear with unusual presentation of joint contracture in lt elbow and muscle crarnping pain rather than cornmonly presented myalgla.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Contracture ; Elbow ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Heart ; Humans ; Joints ; Kidney ; Musculoskeletal System ; Myalgia ; Myositis* ; Polyarteritis Nodosa* ; Skin ; Vasculitis

BACKGROUND: Cyclosporine, an immune suppressive agent has been reported to potentiate the neuromuscular blockade induced by vecuronium and atracurium. And the potentiation degree was more prominent in the vecuronium. Rocuronium and mivacurium have been introduced into clinical practice recently and there is no report whether the cyclosporine potentiates the neuromuscular blocking effects of these agents. We, therefore studied the effect of Sandimun (cyclosporine in cremophor-ethanol) on the neuromuscular blockade action of rocuronium and mivacurium in rabbits. METHOD: The effect of Sandimun on the rocuronium and mivacurium were investigated in anesthetized 30 rabbits. The rabbits were divided into five groups; rocuronium group (rocuronium bromide 1 mg/kg iv), rocuronium - Sandimun group (rocuronium bromide 0.1 mg/kg iv after Sandimun 5 mg/kg iv), mivacurium group (mivacurium chloride 0.064 mg/kg iv), mivacurium - Sandimun group (mivacurium chloride 0.064 mg/kg iv after Sandimun 5 mg/kg iv) and Sandimun group (Sandimun 5 mg/kg iv). Neuromuscular block was assessed by measuring the response of anterior tibial muscle to 0.1Hz single twitch stimulation of the common peroneal nerve. Onset time, duration of muscle relaxation and recovery index were compared among the groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in onset time and recovery indices among the groups. Significant difference was found in duration between the rocuronium group and the rocuronium-Sandimun group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Sandimun potentiates the rocuronium - induced neuromuscular blockade but not the neuromuscular blocking action of mivacurium.
Atracurium ; Cyclosporine* ; Muscle Relaxation ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Neuromuscular Blockade* ; Peroneal Nerve ; Rabbits ; Vecuronium Bromide

No abstract available.
Esophagus* ; Rupture*

No abstract available.
Esophagus* ; Rupture*

Typical features of Ankylosing spondylitis are progressive ankylosis of the sacroiliac joint and ossification of the annulus fibrosus of discs, interlaminar & interspinous ligaments. Fixed kyphotic deformity in ankylosing spondylitis causes many problems, such as difficulty in looking forward, gastrointestinal problems, restricted cardiopulmonary functions and psychotic depression. There are limitations of conservative treatment to delay progression of the disease. So surgical osteotomy for the correction is inevitable. Osteotomy is indicated in poor horizontal vision, poor cardiopulmonary & gastrointestinal function and psychological & social problem. The purpose of this study is to assess the results of posterior closed wedge osteotomy in ankylosed kyphotic deformity. The posterior closed wedge osteotomy was performed for 30 patients in ankylosed kyphotic deformity between April 1995 and February 1997, who were 29 male and 1 female and whose average age at the time of operation was 35.7 years (17-54 yrs). Mean duration of the symptoms was 18 years (11-23 yrs). The level of correction was fully evaluated preoperatively with anterior and lateral radiographs of whole spine. The patient was placed pronely on an operating table which could be angulated in reverse direction. The determined correction level of the spine was exposed through the posterior midline approach. Following the insertion of pedicle screws, transpedicular decancellation was performed with curret and punch forceps. Posterior bony element and pedicle were completely removed. The correction was achieved by gradual extension of the operating table angulated previously and by opposing the surface of osteotomy. Then prebent rod was applied. Walking brace was applied in 2 weeks postoperatively. The osteotomy was performed at single level in 28 cases, double level in 2 cases. The level of osteotomy was distributed as follows; T10: 1 case, T12: 1 case, L2: 3 cases, L3: 14 cases, and L4: 13 cases. Mean correction angle was 48.7degrees (13degrees-72degrees ), and mean increment of height 13.7cm (4-23.5cm). There was no fatal complication. But 5 patients had paralytic ileus and 3 patients visual loss; one was permanent, the others were temporary. Temporary neurologic deficit was also noted in 5 cases. Posterior closed wedge osteotomy with transpedicular decancellation in ankylosed kyphotic deformity is relatively safe and simple procedure.
Ankylosis ; Braces ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Ligaments ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Operating Tables ; Osteotomy* ; Sacroiliac Joint ; Social Problems ; Spine ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing* ; Surgical Instruments ; Walking