The cystoscopic manipulation was applied in 89 cases of ureteral Stone who visited the Department of Urology, Woo Sok University medical College Hospital during the period of 1 year 8 months From Jan, 1st 1970 to Aug. 31st, 1971, using woven loop stone dislodger and following results were obtained. 1) In 66 cases, ureteral stone was extracted successfully. 2) Among the 66 successful cases, 50 ureteral stones were extracted immediately and in 16 cases, stone was delivered spontaneously after cystoscopic manipulation, among them, 14 cases Within 5 days, 1 case after 26 days and 1 case after 2 months. 3) 2 successful cases were upper ureteral stone and 4 were middle ureteral stone and all of this 6 ureteral stone were extracted immediately. 4) The largest stone extracted was 11 mm X 14 mm in size. 5) No specific complications were found during or after cystoscopic manipulation.
Ureter* ; Urology

PURPOSE: To compare T2-weighted MR cholangiography (T2-MRC) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRC (enhanced T1-MRC) in the assessment of biliary anatomy in donor candidates for living related liver transplantation (LRLT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three potential donors underwent MR examination for preoperative evaluation. Using the single-shot half-Fourier RARE sequence, T2-weighted single-section and coronal images were obtained, and enhanced T1-MRC was performed, using 3D GRE sequences after the administration of mangafodifir trisodium. To assess the hilar ductal branching pattern and determine diagnostic confidence, two reviewers first evaluated the unpaired T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC images, and then paired T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC images together. In particular, in 12 cases in which direct cholangiographys were performed, the feasibility of single duct-to-duct anastomosis was assessed using the unpaired and the paired sets sequentially. RESULTS: The reviewers' confidence tended to be higher for enhanced T1-MRC than T2-MRC, but the difference was not statistically significant. For both reviewers, confidence was significantly higher for the paired set than for T2- or enhanced T1-MRC alone (p < .001). The types of biliary anatomy determined in the paired set matched the consensus reading in 33 (100%) and 30 cases(91%) assessed by reviewer 1 and 2, respectively. The separate interpretation of T2- and enhanced T1-MRC findings matched the consensus interpretation in 30 (91%) and 28 cases (85%), respectively, assessed by reviewer 1, and 26 (79%) and 28 cases (85%), respectively, assessed by reviewer 2. The possibility of single anastomosis was accurately predicted in 91.6% of cases in T2-MRC, and 100% at enhanced T1-MRC and the combined set. CONCLUSION: In the evaluation of the biliary anatomy of potential donors for LRLT, the combined use of T2-MRC and enhanced T1-MRC may improve diagnostic confidence and decrease the occurrence of a non diagnostic or equivocal interpretation at T2-MRC alone.
Adult* ; Cholangiography* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver* ; Tissue Donors*

OBJECTIVE: To assess the follow-up results after negative findings on unenhanced hepatic MR imaging in rectal cancer patients who have undergone locally curative surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From all pertinent imaging reports and medical records, we selected 255 patients who had negative results on unenhanced hepatic MR imaging. When selecting patients who had undergone curative resection, the following patients were excluded from the study: 1) patients in whom extrahepatic metastases were detected on preoperative staging work-ups, 2) patients in whom the surgery was judged to be non-curative due to peritoneal seeding or local aggressiveness. Cases with follow-up periods of less than 18 months were also excluded, as these cases were considered insufficient to confirm the negative outcomes. Thus, a total of 149 patients were ultimately enrolled in our study. The follow-up results of unenhanced MR imagings were assessed according to the assumption that the newly developed hepatic metastases had been false-negative lesions on preoperative MR image. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 29.3 months, 25 hepatic metastases were detected in 13 patients (8.7%), which indicated a negative predictive value of 91.3%. CONCLUSION: Unenhanced hepatic MR imaging provides a high negative predictive value with regard to the detection of hepatic metastasis in the preoperative evaluation of rectal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma/*diagnosis/radiography/*secondary/surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen/blood ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/radiography/*secondary/surgery ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Rectal Neoplasms/*pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis ; *Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Markers, Biological/blood

OBJECTIVE: To determine the utility of MR imaging in evaluating the prognostic factors for a local recurrence of rectal cancer following a curative resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The preoperative MR images obtained from 17 patients with a local recurrence and 54 patients without a local recurrence, who had undergone a curative resection, were independently evaluated by three radiologists. The following findings were analyzed: the direct invasion of the perirectal fat by the primary rectal carcinoma, involvement of the perirectal lymph nodes, perirectal spiculate nodules, perivascular encasement, and an enlargement of the pelvic wall lymph nodes. The clinical and surgical profiles were obtained from the patients' medical records. The association of a local recurrence with the MR findings and the clinicosurgical variables was statistically evaluated. RESULTS: Of the MR findings, the presence of perivascular encasement (p = 0.001) and perirectal spiculate nodules (p = 0.001) were found to be significant prognostic factors for a local recurrence. Of the clinicosurgical profiles, the presence of a microscopic vascular invasion (p = 0.005) and the involvement of the regional lymph nodes (p = 0.006) were associated with a local recurrence. Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of perirectal spiculate nodules was an independent predictor of a local recurrence (odds ratio, 7.382; 95% confidence interval, 1.438, 37.889; p = 0.017). CONCLUSION: The presence of perirectal spiculate nodules and perivascular encasement on the preoperative MR images are significant predictors of a local recurrence after curative surgery for a rectal carcinoma. This suggests that preoperative MR imaging can provide useful information to help in the planning of preoperative adjuvant therapy.
Adult ; Aged ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Preoperative Care ; Prognosis ; Rectal Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to compare the accuracy of CT and 18F-FDG PET for detecting peritoneal metastasis in patients with gastric carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred-twelve patients who underwent a histologic confirmative exam or treatment (laparotomy, n = 107; diagnostic laparoscopy, n = 4; peritoneal washing cytology, n = 1) were retrospectively enrolled. All the patients underwent CT and 18F-FDG PET scanning for their preoperative evaluation. The sensitivities, specificities and accuracies of CT and 18F-FDG PET imaging for the detection of peritoneal metastasis were calculated and then compared using Fisher's exact probability test (p < 0.05), on the basis of the original preoperative reports. In addition, two board-certified radiologists and two board-certified nuclear medicine physicians independently reviewed the CT and PET scans, respectively. A receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic performance of CT and 18F-FDG PET imaging for detecting peritoneal metastasis. RESULTS: Based on the original preoperative reports, CT and 18F-FDG PET showed sensitivities of 76.5% and 35.3% (p = 0.037), specificities of 91.6% and 98.9% (p = 0.035), respectively, and equal accuracies of 89.3% (p = 1.0). The receptor operating characteristics curve analysis showed a significantly higher diagnostic performance for CT (Az = 0.878) than for PET (Az = 0.686) (p = 0.004). The interobserver agreement for detecting peritoneal metastasis was good (κ value = 0.684) for CT and moderate (κ value = 0.460) for PET. CONCLUSION: For the detection of peritoneal metastasis, CT was more sensitive and showed a higher diagnostic performance than PET, although CT had a relatively lower specificity than did PET.
*Tomography, Emission-Computed ; Stomach Neoplasms/*pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Retrospective Studies ; Radiopharmaceuticals/diagnostic use ; ROC Curve ; *Positron-Emission Tomography ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/*radiography/*radionuclide imaging/*secondary ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Iohexol/analogs & derivatives/diagnostic use ; Humans ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/diagnostic use ; Female ; Contrast Media ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Adult ; Adolescent