No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Methemoglobinemia*

PURPOSE: LASIK, one of the currently popular ophthalmic procedures, can sometimes result in dry eye symptoms. In the patient who had underwent LASIK operation, the periorbital surgery may be more likely to lead to such a complication as dry eye symptom. We would like to report a case of corneal abrasion occurred after transconjunctival blepharoplasty in post-LASIK state and suggest the method about preventing the complication. METHODS: A 30-year-old female patient underwent transconjunctival blepharoplasty and microfat graft into the face. She had history of LASIK operation 2 years ago. Corneal protector was applied to both eye during transconjunctival operation. After the surgery, she complained of visual blurring at left side. Ophthalmic examination revealed corneal abrasion of left eye. RESULTS: Cornea protecting lens was applied to left eye for 2 weeks. Steroid and antibiotic eye drops were applied for relieving the symptoms and the prevention from progressing of complication. After 1 week, visual power and acuity was recovered to preoperative state. No other specific complications happened. CONCLUSION: Post-LASIK patient may have possibility of decreased corneal sensation and tear production. Preoperative ophthalmic examination is recommended for the prevention of complication. When corneal protector is applied, we suggest Optagel(R) as a useful lubricant.
Adult ; Blepharoplasty ; Cornea ; Eye ; Female ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Sensation ; Tears ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Graft Survival* ; Humans ; Living Donors* ; Risk Factors* ; Transplants*

To evaluate the effect of low lactose special formula (MF-1) for the treatment of acute diarrhea, we studied thirty nine infants who were admitted with acute diarrhea to the Department of Pediatics, Yeungnam University Hospital. 39 infants of under 6 months of age who had been fed on formula feeds were randomly allocated to receive either a diluted regular formula milk or a low lactose special formula. Each infant received intravenous rehydration during fasting for 6-12 hou s. Group 1 (n=15) was fed half strength of regular. formula (80-100cc/kg/day) for the first 24 hours, three quarters strength formula (100-120cc/ kg/day) for the next 24 hours, and continued feeding with the full strength regular formula milk. Group 2 (n= 24), who fed the same amount of milk as Group 1, continued feeding with the full strength low lactose special formula from the start of feeding. Male to female sex ratio was 1.6 to 1. The characteristics of infants on admission were comparable in the age, the duration of diarrhea and the stool frequency before admission, the degree of dehydration. There were no significant differences in the duration of hospitalization, changes in stool weight and stool frequency after admission between two groups.(p>0.05) The Body weight and skin fold thickness were increased in group 2 who fed low lactose formula, but those who fed diluted regular formula showed reduction of body weight and skin fold thickness (64.251.48 vs -11.452.2g, 0.60.8mm vs -0.10.3mm
Body Weight ; Dehydration ; Diarrhea* ; Fasting ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant* ; Lactose* ; Male ; Milk ; Sex Ratio ; Skin

PURPOSE: We studied the attitudes of general population and medical personnels toward premature infants to establish basic data about prematurity. METHODS: Ten students from Yeungnam University College of Medicine conducted field surveys on the general population at residential and commercial districts, and on medical personnels at private local clinics and hospitals in Taegu with a prepared questionaire from July 25, 1996 to August 20, 1996. Statistical analysis was done by Chi square test using SPSS computerized program. RESULTS: The respondents who have never heard about premature babies are 4.6% of 502 total respondents. Sixty percent of the respondents acquired information about prematurity from mass media (television, newspaper, radio), and television was the most frequentl among them (60%). Because the percentage of respondents who know the correct meaning of prematurity is lower in those who acquired information from mass media than those from medical personnels or books on childcare, it was observed that information about prematurity is delivered inaccurately through mass media. Fifty percent of the respondents regard premature babies as handicapped or retarded babies, sixty-five percent of the respondents want their babies, not to be treated not because of economical burden but possibilities of residual handicap or death. CONCLUSION: Delivery accurate information about recent advances in intensive care for premature babies through mass media, i.e. television, newspaper and radio, is necessary to inform the general population and to help parents or family members of a premature baby participate in making a decision on whether to continue treatment for the baby or not.
Daegu ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Disabled Persons ; Ethics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Critical Care ; Mass Media ; Periodicals ; Parents ; Television

Though the incidence of paragonimiasis has been remarkably decreased since 1970, it is still not a rare disease in Korea. Major problems in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis on chest radiography are its differentiation from pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer. Chest radiographic findings have been described in detail, but little have been reported on CT findings. We reviewed CT findings of 10 patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis. The characteristic CT findings were similar to those on chest radiography, such as air-space consolidation (70%), nodular mass (50%), pleural effusion (40%), cystic lesion (30%), small low density within the mass (30%), linear density (20%), pneumothorax(20%), and burrow track (20%). CT depicted the cystic lesions and the burrow tracks more clearly and showed the small worm-retaining cysts within the mass that were not detectable on chest radiography. In conclusion, all of these CT findings are useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis especially when differentiation from tuberculosis or lung canceris difficult on chest radiography.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Paragonimiasis* ; Pleural Effusion ; Radiography ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rare Diseases ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

PURPOSE: Hyperhomocysteinemia is accepted as an independent risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the preoperative plasma homocysteine concentration and restenosis after therapeutic revascularization. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 58 consecutive patients (they were confined to Trans Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus [TASC] type C & D) among 103 patients who were diagnosed as having infrainguinal PAD and who were treated with bypass surgery or endovascular surgery from July 2003 to July 2009. We analyzed the effect of several factors such as gender, age, the plasma lipid profile and the protein C, protein S, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ankle-brachial index (ABI), and homocysteine levels, which are all considered to be risk factors for restenosis. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to assess the effect of possible confounders. RESULTS: The subjects were 50 men and 8 women (mean age: 63.8+/-10.9). There were 33 (56.9%) cases of bypass surgery and 25 (43.1%) cases of endovascular surgery. Of them, 19 cases (32.8%) showed restenosis after revascularization. In the patients with restenosis, 18 cases (94.7%) showed a preoperative high plasma homocysteine level and 1 case (5.2%) showed a normal level. A lower ABI and hyperhomocysteinemia were significantly more common in the patients with restenosis (P=0.025, P<0.001). There were no significant differences of the other factors, except for the plasma homocysteine level on multivariate analysis (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: We can regard the preoperative hyperhomocysteinemia level as a predictive marker of restenosis after revascularization. Special attention may need to be given to the patients who have a lower preoperative ABI and hyperhomocysteinemia after revascularization.
Ankle Brachial Index ; C-Reactive Protein ; Consensus ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Homocysteine ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Hypertension ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Peripheral Arterial Disease ; Plasma ; Protein C ; Protein S ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
Ependymoma* ; Epidermal Cyst* ; Third Ventricle*

PURPOSE: The aims of this study are to compare the results of renal retransplantation and the first renal transplantation in our center, and to analyze the risk factor affecting second graft survival rate. METHODS: We analyzed 37 cases of second or third renal transplantations performed in our center from 1981 to 2005, retrospectively. We compared the second graft survival rate with the first graft survival rate. And risk factors affecting long-term second graft survival were also analyzed. RESULTS: 37 cases of retransplantation out of 277 cases of first graft loss were performed in our center (5%). Second graft survival rates (1, 5, 10 year) were 83.7, 66.5, 49.9%, while first graft survival rates were 90.0, 74.8, 59.1%, repectively. Risk factors which shows significance were high HLA-AB matching, living donor and absence of DGF. CONCLUSION: The graft survival rates of second renal transplantation were similar to that of first renal transplantantation.
Graft Survival ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The availability of living donors is the major limiting factor in living related kidney transplantion. In 1997, Ross et al. proposed that the living unrelated kidney transplantation through exchange arrangement of ABO-incompatible donors-recipient pairs to expand donor pool is ethically acceptable as living related kidney transplantation. We analyzed exchange donor program whether this could expand the kidney donor pool in living donor renal transplantation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of the 121 exchange donor renal transplantations performed from 1991 to 2005 in our center. Recipient's and donor's mean age were 38.8 (15~64) and 40.4 (21~60) year-old, respectively. Mean follow up period is 81 months (1~170). The reasons of exchanging donor were ABO incompatibility (92/121, 76%), positive HLA cross matching (20/121, 16%) and patients who received kidneys from unknown volunteer donors (9/121, 7%). We compared graft survival and acute rejection rate of exchange donor group and living related donor group. RESULTS: The graft survival rate (1, 5, 10 year) of exchange donor group (92%, 80.6%, 72%) was similar to living related donor groups (95%, 77%, 66%). The acute rejection rate were 34% (42/121 ) and 24%, respectively. We have observed acute rejections during the same time in both groups from 1991 to 2005. Although acute rejection rate of exchange donor group is higher, we see the similar survival rate of transplanted kidneys in exchange donor group. CONCLUSION: We suggest that exchange donor program could expand the donor pool in living donor renal transplantation, when recipient cannot receive kidney from healthy donor because of ABO incompatibility or positive HLA cross matching.
Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Living Donors ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors* ; Volunteers