No Abstract Available.
Hepatitis B e Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens*

BACKGROUND: The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), the region of the brain stem in which primary baroreceptor afferents teminate, is critically important in the normal regulation of arterial pressure (AP). In the NTS, excitatory amino acids such as L-glutamate serve as the main neurotransmitter in the regulation of AP. However, the function of GABA in the NTS has not been established. To test the function of GABA, we applied GABAergic agents to the NTS. METHODS: The experiments were conducted on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 300-500g. A cannula (PE-50 tubing filled with heparinized saline) was inserted into the femoral artery for recording of AP and heart rate(HR). Another cannula was inserted into the femoral vein for administration of nitroprusside or phenylephrine. After rats were placed on a sterotaxic instrument, the dorsal surface of the medulla was exposed, and with the aid of a surgical microscope, the NTS was visualized. Drug injections were made into the NTS using single- or three-barreled grass micropipettes pulled to an outer diameter of 80-100(micro)m and connected to a 1(micro)l Hamilton syringe. RESULTS: The follwing results were obtained in this experiment. Injection into the NTS of 10 or 20 nmol nipecitic acid, a selective inhibitor of GABA untake, produced an increase in AP. The pressor responses evoked by two doses of nipecotic acid were not significantly different. Injection of GABA(A) agonist, musciml(5 pmol in 80 nl artificial CSF) and GABA(B) agonist, baclofen (20 pmol in 80 nl) into the NTS of urethane-anesthetized rats prodused an increase in AP of 16.6+/-1.3 and 27.6+/-1.5 mmHg, respectively. Thus the pressor response to GABA(B) agonist was greater than to GABA(A) agonist. On the other hand, microinjection of GABA(A) antagonist, bicuculline and GABA(B) antagonist, phaclofen into the NTS decreased AP by approximately 13.4+/-1.0 and 20.9+/- mmHg, respectively. Thus injection of nipecotic acid into the NTS was greater in control group compared with the muscimiol or baclofen groups. The AP changes caused by i.v. injection of nitroprusside or phenylephrine were smallest in control group and greatest in the baclofen group. When calculated as baroreflex sensitivity, the change was greatest in control group and smallest in the baclofen group. CONCLUSION: From these results it was concluded that GABA in the NTS plays an important role in the regulation of AP, especially through GABA(B) receptors, and have an inhibitory effect on baroreceptor reflex.
Adult ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Baclofen ; Baroreflex ; Bicuculline ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Stem ; Catheters ; Excitatory Amino Acids ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; GABA Agents ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid* ; Glutamic Acid ; Hand ; Heart ; Heparin ; Humans ; Male ; Microinjections ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Nitroprusside ; Phenylephrine ; Poaceae ; Pressoreceptors ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solitary Nucleus* ; Syringes

Adherence of Candida albicans(C. albicans) to the surface of a denture is believed to be an initial and essential step in the formation of denture-induced stomatitis. Previous studies have provided enormous infomation on the relationship between composition of palatine gland/parotid saliva and upper denture stomatitis. Relatively little information is available on the correlation between lower denture stomatitis and sublingual-submandibular(SLSM) saliva. The plaque samples were collected from the two sites(100mm2) on the inner surface of lower partial denture corresponding to the stomatitis and healthy region of the lower partial dentures of 12 denture stomatitis patients and 6 normal persons who wore lower partial dentures. The samples were plated to isolate C. albicans on a selective Saboraud's dextrose agar plate and the isolates were identified by germ tube test and gram staining. The subjects were divided into group I (stomatitis with C. albican), group II (lesion without C. albicans), group III (no lesion but C. albicans), and group IV (normal and healthy denture wearer). Individual SLSM saliva (20microgram of protein) was analyzed by SDS-PAGE(SDS-poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis) with Coomassie brilliant blue and PAS(Periodic Acid Schiff) staining. The salivary proteins separated in the polyacryamide gels were subjected to immunoblot analysis using anti-lactoferrin, anti-sIgA, and anti-secretory component of sIgA. In this study using custom made acrylic denture resin beads(5mm in diameter) coated with stimulated individual SLSM saliva, the binding ability of individual C. albicans strains to the beads was observed. Levels of C. albicans adhered to the acrylic resin beads were determined by measuring the optical density of the bound C. albicans to the beads at 580nm. The results showed that a higher number of C. albicans was observed in the lesion site than health site. The saliva of group I contained more high molecular weight glycoprotein(mucin, MG1) as compared to group II, III, and IV. And lactoferrin and sIgA affected to the binding ability of C. albicans to acylic resin beads. Binding ability of individual C. albicans to the acrylic resin coated with respective individual saliva was found to be greater in group I than the other 3 groups. And when bound cells of C. albicans isolated from individual subject #2 to the saliva coated beads were used, binding ability of subject #2 saliva coated beads was founed to be greater than the other subjects. These results suggested that denture induced stomatitis is related to individual patient's salivary protein composition, especially MG-1. Future studies will be directed toward saliva examination of patients who have general disease and analysis of pellicles formed on prosthesis with respect to oral disease.
Agar ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Denture, Partial ; Dentures* ; Gels ; Glucose ; Glycoproteins* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; Lactoferrin ; Molecular Weight ; Prostheses and Implants ; Saliva ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides ; Stomatitis ; Stomatitis, Denture*

We have analysed 144 patients with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage, admitting from January 1992 to December 1993. Surgical treated group with Komai's stereotactic system was 71 patients and medical treated group was 73 patients. The results were as follows: 1) The patients with ventricular rupture were 36 cases(25%). According to the degree of ventricular rupture, the mortality was increased and the good outcome was decreased(P<0.01). 2) The prognosis was evaluated in favorable condition(alert and drowsy) and unfavorable condition(stuporous, semicomatose, comatose). In unfavorable condition, the mortality of surgical patients was lower than that of non-surgical patients(P<0.01). 3) Surgical patients with smaller hematoma(< or = 40ml) showed btter outcome than non-surgical patients:The statistical difference was not significant. But in larger hematoma(>40ml), the outcome in both treated group was similar. 4) According to CT classification, in class II(extending to anterior limb of internal capsule), good outcome of surgical group was better than that of non-surgical group. In class V(extending th thalamus or subthalamus), the mortality in surgical group was lower than that of non-surgical group(P<0.05) .
Classification ; Extremities ; Humans ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Putaminal Hemorrhage* ; Rupture ; Thalamus

GMH/IVH(Germinal martrix-Intraventricular hemorrhage ) is an inportant factor that influences on the mortality rate of low-birth-weight infants. The real-time high resolution sonography with a mechanical sector scanner is a convenient and useful method for the detection and follow-up study of intracranial hemorrhage in low-birth-weight infants. Authors analysed 112 cases of neurosonographic findings in low-birth-weight infants, weighing less than 2,500gm. The incidence of GMH/IVH was 54.5%. The severity of GMH/IVH was classified into 4 grades(I-IV) and their percentages were 41%, 41% 8.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. The onset of GMH/IVH was within the first week after birth in 75.4% of cases. The overall mortality rate of low-birth-weight infants with GMH/IVH was 18% (4% for grade I, 12% for grade II, 40% for grade III and 83% for grade IV). In the follow-up study of 61 cases, complete absorption was seen in 25 cases, rebleeding in 5 cases, cystic change in 24 cases, ventriculomegaly in 9 cases and hydrocephalus in 7 cases. The incidence of GMH/IVH in neonates with pathologic lung conditions was 82.5% and that with normal lung conditions was 39%. In conclusion, sonography is very useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of GMH/IVH in low-birth-weight infants. Our study is the first step in the further study of the relationship between GMH/IVH and neuromotor outcome.
Absorption ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lung ; Methods ; Mortality ; Parturition

In fully edentulous cases, which are accompanied by severe residual ridge resorption and impairment of supporting tissues of complete dentures, proper diagnosis and systemic treatment planning are required for the improvement in retention, stability, and support of prosthesis. Provisional restoration, while it is unfamiliar in complete denture restoration, can be used as a valuable tool, which makes possible to evaluate the stability of complete dentures and receive feedback from patients in complex clinical situations. In this case, a provisional denture was used to improve stability of impression, polished, and occlusal surfaces of complete denture, and to consider esthetic requirements before final denture construction. The result was clinically satisfactory in terms of functional and esthetical aspects.
Denture, Complete ; Dentures* ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Prostheses and Implants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to find the effect of rare earth magnet's magnetic field of to the osteoblast around the implant by the means of observation number, and distribution around the implant which is connected to the permanent magnet but not, counted and compared by the number of cells attached to the surface of the implant. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The permanent magnets, made in the healing cap form, were connected to the implant fixture, and placed on the culture plate, The osteoblast-like cell: MC3T3-E1 were used for cell culture. As the control group, the implant were connected to normal healing cap, and cultured in the same conditions. 48 hours later, using inverted microscope, the number and distribution of osteoblast around the implant were observed, and 72 hours later, the number of the cells attached to the implant were counted. RESULTS: As a result, the implant connected to the permanent magnet had proved to have a more concentrated cell distribution rate than the control group. The implant connected to the permanent magnet, neck area: which has about 10 gauss magnetic force, had more cells than apex area. The implant connected to the permanent magnet had proven to attach to the osteoblast more productively than control group's implant. CONCLUSIONS: This research showed that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet affected the distribution and growth rate of the osteoblast around the implant. In order to support this study, it also had need to monitor the progress of the permanent magnet specifically shown on the neck area, which has10 gauss magnetic force. So after additional research on the distribution and attachment of the cells, and further more, on bone formation, it will be concluded that the clinical applications, such as immediate loading of implant treatment are possible.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Dental Implants* ; Magnetic Fields ; Neck ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma that usually occurs in the major salivary gland. In breast, adenoid cystic carcinoma is a very rare carcinoma accounting for less than 1% of the all breast carcinoma. It has an excellent prognosis with the lower incidence of distant metastasis and axillary lymph node involvement, and a benign looking or low suspicious findings on imaging. We will report the radiologic and pathologic finding of the adenoid cystic carcinoma that is incidentally detected in the right breast of asymptomatic 47-year-old woman, who had taken annual screening mammogram and ultrasonogram.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoids* ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Salivary Glands ; Ultrasonography

Reflex gasping when hanging leads to passive and vigorous vomiting, the mechanical force of which causes gastric mucosa laceration. Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a tear in the gastro-esophageal junction or its adjacent mucosa, and this can occur due to nausea or vomiting that is caused by various etiologic factors. Gastric fundus is the most common site of gastric mucosa lacerations. We report a case of a 41-year-old man, who tried to hang himself and, as a result, caused multiple gastric mucosa lacerations that were treated by an endoscopic hemostatic procedure in the emergency room.
Adult ; Emergencies ; Gastric Fundus ; Gastric Mucosa ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Mallory-Weiss Syndrome ; Mucous Membrane ; Nausea ; Reflex ; Vomiting

OBJECTIVES: The presence of chronic low oxygen delivery to the tissues (blood flow X Hb concentration X arterovenous oxygen content difference) in patients with chronic lung disease (CLD) leads to a aggravated dyspnea. Therefore, total oxygen delivery to the tissues is a reverse correlation with severity of dyspnea. So far, the treatment of patients with CLD has been limited to only the increase of ventilation and perfusion capacity. However, this study focused on the capacity of oxygen delivery to the tissues in patients with CLD. We measured blood oxygen parameters as one of the extended approaches. METHOD: Simultaneous arterial and venous blood samples from 15 patients with CLD at rest were evaluated for 2.3-DPG, CO-Hb (Carboxy-monohe-moglobin), Met-Hb (methomoglobin), ABGA (Arterial blood gas analysis), VBGA (Venous blood gas analysis) and Hb (Hemoglobin). Smokers and patients with other disease were excluded from the study in order to avoid the factors (2.3-DPG, CO-Hb etc.) which can shift the oxygen dissociation curve. There were 12 men and 3 women, ranging in age from 40 to 75 years. The disease onset varied from 3 years to more than 30 years. RESULTS: 1) As total oxygen delivery to the tissues decreased, Ao2(Arterial oxygen partial pressure) and A-VCb (Arteriovenous oxygen content difference) decreased, while 2.3-DPG increased. Total oxygen delivary to the tissues showed a significant correlation with more A-V and 2.3-DPG than AO2. 2) AO2 had a correlation with A-VO2 but AO2 did not clearly reflect A-VO2. 3) 2.3-DPG activity depended on more A-VO2 than AO2. 4) As A-VO2 decreased, there was more significant relationship among 2.3-DPG, A-VO2 and tissue oxygen delivery. 5) A-VO2 showed a significant reverse correlation with 2.3-DPG as well as Met-Hb % + CO-Hb %. 6) ACO2 (arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure) showed a correlation with 2.3-DPG as well as A-VO2. 7) Arterial PH did not correlate with 2.3-DPG as well as A-V. CONCLUSION: 1) AO2 in patient with CLD correlated with A-VO2 but AO2 did not clearly reflect A-V. 2) Total oxygen delivery (severity of dyspnea) showed a significant correlation with more A-VO2 and 2.3-DPG than AO2. 3) 2.3-DPG activity depended on more A-VO2 than AO2. 4) 2.3-DPG activity had a reverse correlation with A-V in spite that 2.3-DPG shifts the oxygen dissociation curve to the right, because 2.3-DPG shift is secondary change associated with the low oxygen delivery to the tissues, More extensive k prospective investigations are needed to clearly define correlation among A-VO2, 2.3-DPG and prognosis of patients with CLD.
Carbon Dioxide ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Male ; Oxygen* ; Perfusion ; Prognosis ; Ventilation