This paper reports an open label study of the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin conducted on 12 Vietnamese healthy volunteers (4 females, 8 males). Oflaxacin was adminitered as an oral tablet presentation. The mean peak concentration was 2.270.53 mg.liter-1, occuring at 1.300.31h after dosing. The AUCo-24was 16.532.02mg.h.liter-1, the half-time was 5.040.44h and the volume of distribution was 1.120.18 liter.kg-1. Results collected from this study were similar to those of previous studies.
Pharmacokinetics ; Ofloxacin ; tablets\

No abstract available.
Gram-Positive Cocci* ; Imipenem* ; Ofloxacin*

Ofloxacin is a commonly used quinolone antibiotic both in adults as well as children. It is generally safe and well tolerated. Rarely, neurological and psychiatric adverse reactions are reported to occur with ofloxacin. We report a case of a child who developed delirium after ofloxacin treatment, that resolved after medication discontinuation and treatment with low dose olanzapine.
Adult ; Child* ; Delirium ; Hallucinations* ; Humans ; Ofloxacin ; Psychotic Disorders

PURPOSE: Balofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic that has potent, broad-spectrum, antimicrobial activity and a good safety profile during preclinical study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of balofloxacin in comparison with those of ofloxacin for uncomplicated urinary tract infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients randomly received oral balofloxacin at 100mg twice a day or oral ofloxacin at 200mg twice a day for 5 days at a ratio of 2:1. Efficacy was assessed by the eradication rate of baseline pathogens and clinical outcome of the objective disease. Safety was assessed by adverse events, changes in laboratory tests and vital signs. RESULTS: The bacteriological efficacy rate was 83.9%(99/118) in the balofloxacin group and 88.4%(61/69) in the ofloxacin group. In the equivalence test using 15% as the standard, clinically acceptable difference value of efficacy, balofloxacin was equivalent to ofloxacin [95% CI: -14.6% to 5.5%]. The bacteriological evaluation of the case whose baseline pathogen was susceptible to the study drug was 96.6%(84/87) for the balofloxacin group and 92.6%(50/54) for the ofloxacin group [95% CI: -4.0% to 11.9%], thereby demonstrating equivalence; as did the relatively high clinical success rates of 99.2% and 95.7%, respectively. The adverse event rate and the drug-related adverse event rate for the balofloxacin group was significantly lower than that of the ofloxacin group(p=0.036, 0.031). Neither unusual laboratory findings nor abnormal vital signs were reported for either group and there were no significant differences between the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Twice daily administration of 100mg balofloxacin is as effective as twice daily administration of 200mg ofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. With regard to safety, balofloxacin was confirmed to be safer than ofloxacin.
Humans ; Ofloxacin* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vital Signs

BACKGROUND: Moxifloxacin is an 8-methoxyquinolone compound which has been shown to have the best activity of the quinolones against M. tuberculosis but there is no literature showing the rate of cross-resistance between moxifloxacin and the other quinolones such as ofloxacin. Therefore, we tested the activity of moxifloxacin against ofloxacin resistant M. tuberculosis by a study of cross-resistance. METHODS: We tested MIC's of moxifloxacin and ofloxacin by proportion method against 34 M. tuberculosis isolates showing resistance against ofloxacin at 2.5microgram/ml concentration and 13 ofloxacin susceptible isolates from specimens submitted to clinical laboratory of National Masan Hospital from March 2003 to March 2004. RESULTS: For ofloxacin susceptible isolates, MIC(50) and MIC(90) of ofloxacin were all 1.25 microgram/ml, and MIC(50) and MIC(90) of moxifloxacin were 0.31 microgram/ml and 0.63microgram/ml respectively. For ofloxacin resistant isolates, MIC(50) of ofloxacin was over 10microgram/ml and MIC(50) of moxifloxacin was 5microgram/ml,MIC(90) of ofloxacin and moxifloxacin were all over 10microgram/ml. The rate of cross-resistance between the two was 67.6%(23/34) at 2.5microgram/ml concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Moxifloxacin showed activity against 82.4%(28/34) of ofloxacin resistant M. tuberculosis at 10microgram/ml, but more studies are needed so that moxifloxacin will be used for patient with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis including ofloxacin resistance.
Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Ofloxacin* ; Quinolones ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

Ofloxacin, one of the new quinolone derivatives, is found to be highly effective against both PPNG and non-PPNG urethritis. The objective of this trial was to establish the efficacy of two ofloxacin regimens in the treatment of uncomplicated male gonococcal urethritis. A total of 138 patients with uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis seen at the VD Clinic, Choong-Ku Public Health Center, in Seoul in the period of March Jun 1988, were subjected to this study. The patients were divided randomly into two groups and assigned to one of two treatment regimens of afloxacin, 400mg, PO and 200mg, PO, twice a day for 2 days. No failure case was seen in both groups. Both of these ofloxacin regimens were found to be highly effective and safe in the treatment of gonococcal urethrithis. It is suggested that, because of high rate of PPNGs among circulating N. gonorrhoeae, they can be recommended as the first line treatment for gonorrhea in Korea.
Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Korea ; Male* ; Ofloxacin* ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Urethritis*

To evaluate the corneal epithelial barrier after exposure to Benzalkonium chloride(BAC) or commonly used eyedrops, we measured corneal uptake of 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein(CF) applied to the corneal epithelium of the albino rabbits(70 eyes). Four BAC solutions (0.001 %, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1 %), ofloxacin solutions (Tarivid(R), Octacin(R), Ofloxacin(R)), fluorometholone solutions(Fumelon(R), Fluorometholone(R)), artificial tear solutions (Tears Naturale(R), Tears Naturale II(R), Tears naturale Free(R)) were evaluated. Balanced salt solution was used in control group. As the concentration of BAC increased, corneal epithelial permeability increased. In Octacin(R) group, corneal epithelial permeability increased about 5 times more than in Tarivid(R) and Ofloxacin(R) groups (p<0.01). Fluorometholone(R) group showed less increased permeability than in Fumelon group, but there was no statistical difference between them(p>0.05). Tears Naturale(R) showed the highest permeability among artificial tear solutions and there were no statistical differences between Tears Naturale II(R), Tears Naturale Free(R) and control group(p>0.1). This study showed that the higher concentration of BAC, the more damages to the barrier function of the corneal epithelium, and that clincally used eyedrops containing BAC made destructive influences on the corneal epithelial integrity.
Benzalkonium Compounds* ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Fluorometholone ; Ofloxacin ; Ophthalmic Solutions* ; Permeability ; Tears

Fluoroquinolones are antimicrobial agents that have a broad range of activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Anaphylactoid reactions have been sporadically reported with fluoroquinolones. There have been a few reports that describes cross-reactivity between fluoroquinolones. We experienced a case of ofloxacin-induced anaphylactoid reaction, and confirmed cross-reactivity between ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin with the oral challenge test. Cross-reactivity between fluoroquinolones may be important, and avoidance of any fluoroquinolones should be mandatory for patients with hypersensitivity reaction to one of these drugs.
Anti-Infective Agents ; Ciprofloxacin ; Fluoroquinolones* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Ofloxacin*

PURPOSE: We evaluated ocular penetration and drug level in tear after topical ofloxacin instillation in rabbit eye with amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT). METHODS: In the first set of experiment, 24 rabbits(24 eyes) were divided into 4 groups according to the epithelial removal or AMT. Topical ofloxacin was instilled 4 times every 15 minutes and then, 1 hour after the last eyedrop, the samples of amniotic membrane(AM), cornea and aqueous humor were collected. In the second set of experiment, 24 rabbits(24 eyes) were divided into 6 groups according to the freshness of AM or its attached time. Topical ofloxacin was applied to eyes and then, tear samples were collected at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours. Ofloxacin concentration in the samples of two experiments were evaluated using high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Mean ofloxacin concentrations in cornea and aqueous humor were statistically higher in deepithelized corneas regardless of AMT(P<0.05). And mean tear levels of ofloxacin in AMT groups were statistically higher than those in non-AMT groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: AMT seems to interfere with the ocular penetration of topical ofloxacin in normal rabbit cornea, but rather enhances ofloxacin penetration in the cornea with epithelial defect. And also the ofloxacin level in tear was higher in eyes with AMT up to 1 hour after topical ofloxacin use. Therefore it seems that AM has potential to act as an effective drug delivery system.
Amnion* ; Aqueous Humor ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cornea ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Ofloxacin*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fluoroquinolone resistance frequency of Enterococcus spp. from normal chicken feces and to analyse mutations of the gyrA and parC gene associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. Among 52 Enterococcus faecalis and 25 E. faecium isolates, 23 (44.2%) E. faecalis and 7 (28.0%) E. faecium were resistant to ciprofloxacin (CIP) by disc diffusion method. Genetic exchange in gyrA and parC gene among 2 CIP intermediate isolates and 15 CIP resistant isolates were found in the amino acid codon of Ser-83 and Asp-87, and Ser-80 and Glu-84, respectively. These mutants contained a change from Ser to Phe, Val, Tyr, Ile, Thr or Pro at codon 83 and from Glu to Gly or Leu at codon 87 in gyrA gene, and a change from Ser to Ile or Thr at codon 80 and from Glu to Asp or Lys at codon 84 in parC gene. The isolates with mutation in gyrA regardless of a mutation in parC showed high resistance (MIC > or =32 microgram/ml) to CIP, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin. These results suggested that gyrA gene is the primary target for 4 fluoroquinolones resistance in Enterococcus spp.
Chickens* ; Ciprofloxacin ; Codon ; Diffusion ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Enterococcus* ; Feces* ; Fluoroquinolones ; Norfloxacin ; Ofloxacin ; Viperidae