INTRODUCTION: Obesity has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. This study primarily aims to determine the prevalence of obesity among the Filipino patients in our institution since there have been no previous studies on this subset of patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study of 2,078 patients at the Primary Preventive Cardiology Out-Patient Clinic of the Philippine Heart Center (PHC) was done from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2017. The prevalence of obesity was determined using the World Health Organization (WHO) and Asian classification. Factors associated with obesity were determined using binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A majority of the patients were females (1499, 71.14%) with a higher mean age compared to the male patients (57.67±10.5 vs 55.66±11.8, p<0.001). Hypertension (68.5%), coronary artery disease (37.1%) and T2DM (20.3%) were the most common co-morbid illnesses in both genders. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.8±4.3 kg/m2 for the female patients while it was 25.2±4.1 kg/m2 for the male patients (p<0.001). The prevalence of obesity using the WHO and Asian classifications was 15% (n=312). Compared to the Asian criteria, there were significantly more patients classified as having normal weight (44.09% vs 24.95%, p<0.001) and overweight (37.98% vs 19.13%, p<0.001) using the WHO classification. Pre-obesity, an additional criterion of the Asian classification which was not adopted by WHO was seen in 37.98% of the patients. On multivariate analysis, female gender (OR 1.31, 95% CI [1.08-1.59)] p=0.006) and T2DM (OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.01-1.56], p=0.42) were significant factors associated with obesity while age (OR 0.98, 95% CI [0.98-0.99], p<0.001) was protective of obesity. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obesity in our cohort was consistent with the worldwide prevalence reported by the WHO which underscores the need for effective weight management programs and primary preventive strategies 7to lower the prevalence and obviate the development of complications related to obesity. Female gender and T2DM were significant factors associated with obesity, while age was a significant protective factor of obesity.
Overweight ; Obesity ; Primary Prevention

Humans ; Obesity/prevention & control* ; Healthy Lifestyle

Humans ; Obesity/prevention & control* ; Healthy Lifestyle

Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Obesity ; etiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo comprehensively evaluate the effect of interventions on obesity in Chinese pupils.

METHODSA literature research was carried out in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, PubMed and the Excerpts Medica Database (EMBASE) databases to collect articles published between 1979 and 2010 concerning the effect of interventions for preventing obesity in Chinese pupils. Rate difference (RD) of the rate of obesity as the evaluation indicator was selected to Meta-analyze the effect of interventions on obesity. There are total 215 articles, in which 211 articles were written in Chinese and other articles were written in English.

RESULTS17 literatures were used for Meta-analysis by the uniform inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that the RD of obesity rate for the students in the intervention group was 3% (95%CI: 1% - 5%) after the intervention. However, the RD of obesity rate for the students in the control group was -2% (95%CI: -4% - -1%) after the intervention. Results of stratified analysis for the RD of obesity rate showed that the obesity rate for the students in the intervention group were decreased significantly after the intervention of combined programs with health education, physical exercise and nutrition interventions with moderate intervention time (1 to 2 years), the RD (95%CI) of obesity rate were 5% (2% - 8%), 3% (1% - 4%), respectively. For the studies whose baseline obesity rates was insignificant difference between the intervention group and the control group, the obesity rate for the students in the intervention group was 4% (95%CI: -7% - -1%) lower than the obesity rate for the students in the control group after the intervention.

CONCLUSIONHealth-education-based comprehensive intervention is effective on obesity prevention in Chinese pupils; combined intervention programs with moderate intervention time (1 to 2 years) were effective in improving efficiency of obesity prevention in pupils.

Childhood obesity has become a critical issue in public health area. We searched Wanfang Data and PubMed databases for published studies on health hazards of childhood obesity in China during 2000-2015. From the evidence of the Chinese population studies, we know childhood obesity brings not only cardiovascular, endocrine and respiratory system health hazards, but also other health hazards to liver, moving skeleton, psychological behavior and cognition intelligence, et al. Only to understand the health hazards of childhood obesity, and put the key preventable period of chronic diseases forward to childhood, can pandemic of chronic diseases be controlled from the sources.
China ; Chronic Disease ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Pediatric Obesity ; epidemiology ; physiopathology

Fatty Liver ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Humans ; Obesity ; complications ; Weight Loss

Obesity and related chronic diseases have become major public health problems in China and in the world. While a series of prevention and control policies and action plans have been implemented in China, obesity and related chronic diseases have not been effectively controlled yet. The Obesity Prevention and Control Section of the Chinese Nutrition Society facilitated the cooperation of 34 interdisciplinary leading experts in drafting this consensus based on the latest relevant guidelines and research results in China and from overseas. The consensus report aims to help guide the prevention and treatment of obesity in China, promote the participation of the whole society and contribute to 'Healthy China' national goals. This report includes seven chapters. It outlines the prevalence and main contributing factors of obesity, challenges, obesity screening and diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control during the whole life cycle, comprehensive prevention and control strategies involving the whole society, and recommendations for future work in China. This report will help promote obesity prevention and weight management efforts in China to be more scientific and effective.
China/epidemiology* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Obesity/prevention & control* ; Prevalence

Obesity is a growing global public health problem, while 40%-70% of obesity is determined by genetic factors. This article focuses on the classification, disease characteristics, diagnosis and progressive treatment of childhood genetic obesity. The prevention and control of childhood genetic obesity requires early detection of obese individuals and early screening of obesity causes. At the same time, clinicians are advised to propose individualized therapy and intervention measures based on multi-disciplinary opinions to improve the health of genetic obese children.
Child ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control* ; Public Health

As many developed countries have walked through the course, the trends of obesity epidemic among children in China are also rapidly increasing. This article describes the strategies for prevention and control of obesity at home and abroad, as well as the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents at different ages in China. Related factors and negative impacts on overweight and obesity regarding individual health and the society are clarified. Evidence shows that it is imminent to control childhood obesity.
Adolescent ; Child ; China/epidemiology* ; Epidemics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Overweight/prevention & control* ; Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control* ; Prevalence