1.Periodic Alternating Nystagmus.
Dong Ho LEE ; Sung Bum HONG ; Jong Bok LEE
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1993;34(2):159-163
Periodic alternating nystagmus is a horizontal jerk nystagmus that periodically changes in amplitude and directions every 3 or 4 minutes. Usually the eyes beat in one direction for approximately 90 seconds and then go into a null phase for 10 to 20 seconds before beginning to move in the opposite direction and continued about 90 seconds. The exact mechanism is unknown but the rhythmic alteration of the null zone of horizontal jerk nystagmus is taken as a possible mechanism. These patients periodically show alternating head turning. The authors report 6 cases of congenital periodic alternating nystagmus which show horizontal jerk nystagmus of rhythmic direction change and confirmed by electro-oculogram.
Head
;
Humans
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic*
2.A rare case of spasmus nutans in an infant
Maria Isabel N. Umali ; Franz Marie O. Cruz
Acta Medica Philippina 2023;57(2):72-74
We report a case of an otherwise healthy 23-month-old boy who presented with nystagmus, head shaking, and
abnormal head posture suggestive of spasmus nutans. Neuro-ophthalmologic exam revealed bilateral, low-amplitude, high-frequency, horizontal, disconjugate nystagmus that was more prominent in one eye along with head shaking and a head tilt or face turn. The rest of the exam and the systemic physical examination were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain did not disclose optic pathway glioma, which has been reported to cause spasmus nutans-like disease. Electroretinogram (ERG) was also recommended to rule out occult retinopathies. However, it was not done due to unavailability of the appropriate corneal electrode for his age. Instead, close follow-up was advised to monitor spontaneous improvement or resolution, or until the child comes of age that he can undergo ERG. This case highlights the management approach and rationale of patients with presumed spasmus nutans. Recognition of the triad of spasmus nutans allows for quick diagnosis and more focused and efficient investigation.
pathologic nystagmus
;
infantile spasms
3.Early Effect of Barbecue Rotation and Modified Semont Combination in Apogeotropic Horizontal Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.
Kyu Hwan JUNG ; Moo Jin BAEK ; Yong Wan KIM
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2012;55(7):429-434
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) of horizontal canal shows reversible direction changing positional nystagmus and diverse clinical courses because of the frequent clinical presentation of cupulolithiasis. The aim of this study is to find out the early effect of particle repositioning maneuver (PRM) including the barbecue and the modified Semont in single treatment session for the apogeotropic horizontal canal BPPV. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Thirty-three episodic vertigo patients with direction-changing apogeotropic horizontal nystagmus were enrolled in this study. The patients were initially treated with barbecue rotation and the second PRM was applied 15 minutes after the first PRM. Barbecue rotation was applied when the positional nystagmus was changed its direction to that of geotropic. The modified Semont maneuver or barbecue rotation was randomly applied when nystagmus was not changed. Patients were followed-up 2 or 3 days after the initial visit and the nystagmus was rechecked to determine the single session treatment result. RESULTS: The combination of PRMs in a single treatment session was effective in 23 out of 33 (69.7%) patients. An initial barbecue rotation was effective in 17 patients (51.5%); geotropic nystagmus was obtained in 12, and no nystagmus in 5. Eleven out of 16 (68.8%) patients with persistent apogeotropic nystagmus after initial treatment were successfully treated with the second PRM. There was no statistical difference between the second PRMs of the modified Semont maneuver and barbecue rotation (p=1.000). CONCLUSION: The combination of PRMs including barbecue rotation and the modified Semont maneuver in a single treatment session showed a comparable success rate as the previously reported studies.
Humans
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
;
Nystagmus, Physiologic
;
Vertigo
4.Pendular Nystagmus After Pontine Infarction in a PatientWith Asymptomatic Olivary Hypertrophy due to Pontine Hemorrhage.
Ki Bong SONG ; Young Eun KIM ; Ji Hyun LEE ; Mi Sun OH ; Byung Chul LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2009;27(1):73-75
No abstract available.
Hemorrhage
;
Hypertrophy
;
Infarction
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
5.Simultaneous Occurrence of a Splenial Lesion and Downbeat Nystagmus Due to Lithium Neurotoxicity
Jeong Jin YI ; Seojun IM ; Min Ok KIM ; Min Won PARK ; Do Hyung KIM ; Young Soo KIM ; Oh Young KWON
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2018;36(4):372-374
No abstract available.
Corpus Callosum
;
Lithium
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
6.Persistent Direction-Fixed Nystagmus Following Canalith Repositioning Maneuver for Horizontal Canal BPPV: A Case of Canalith Jam.
Young Soo CHANG ; Jeesun CHOI ; Won Ho CHUNG
Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology 2014;7(2):138-141
The authors report a 64-year-old man who developed persistent direction fixed nystagmus after a canalith repositioning maneuver for horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HC-BPPV). The patient was initially diagnosed with right HC-BPPV given that the Dix-Hallpike test showed geotropic horizontal nystagmus that was more pronounced on the right side, although the roll test did not show any positional nystagmus. The patient was treated with a canalith repositioning maneuver (Lempert maneuver). The next day, the patient experienced a different character of dizziness, and left-beating spontaneous nystagmus regardless of head position was observed. After a forced prolonged left decubitus and frequent head shaking, his symptoms and nystagmus resolved. This condition, referred to as canalith jam, can be a complication after the repositioning maneuver in patients with BPPV. Atypical positional tests suggest that abnormal canal anatomy could be the underlying cause of canalith jam.
Dizziness
;
Head
;
Humans
;
Middle Aged
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
;
Nystagmus, Physiologic
;
Vertigo
7.A Case Report of Periodic Alternating Nystagmus.
Kyu Ho CHOI ; Mu Young AHN ; Kwang Ho LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1986;4(2):263-265
A 19-year-old man with periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) is presented. He reported that he had had oscillopsia and head oscillations for as long as he could remember. Acquired diseases associated with PAN were ruled out with various laboratory aids. This case is believed to be the first reported case of PAN in Korea.
Head
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic*
;
Young Adult
8.A Case of Bilateral Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia.
Sang Kyung CHOI ; Dong Eul SHIN
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1991;32(7):580-584
Internuclear ophthalmoplegia(INO)is a horiwntal ocular motor disturbance caused by a lesion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. We have experienced a case of bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia associated with exotropia, which revealed the symptom of bilateral impairment of adduction and dissociated nystagmus of the abducting eye on horizontal gaze in either direction. No bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia caused by trauma has yet been reported in this country. Here we report the case of the trauma-related medial longitudinal fasciculus lesion and its pathophysiology along with a literatural review.
Exotropia
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
;
Ocular Motility Disorders*
9.Convergence-related Nystagmus in a Patient with Hydrocephalus from Shunt Malfunction.
Ji Soo KIM ; Dho Hoon HAN ; So Young MOON ; Seong Ho PARK
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2004;22(4):392-395
We report a 30-year-old woman with neurocysticercosis, who showed convergence and convergence-retraction nystagmus, V-bobbing, and typical findings of pretectal syndrome due to shunt malfunction. The symptoms and signs improved with shunt revision. The co-development of convergence, convergence-evoked, and convergence-retraction nystagmus, and pretectal pseudobobbing in our patient indicates that these ocular movements may share common pathophysiology of imbalance in the vergence system.
Adult
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hydrocephalus*
;
Neurocysticercosis
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
10.Nystagmus in the Ictal Period of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
Kun Woo KIM ; Chang Min LEE ; Jae Yun JUNG ; Myung Whan SUH
Journal of the Korean Balance Society 2010;9(3):114-117
The nystagmus of vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) patients is not clearly understood. In this article we report a videonystagmography (VNG) result which had been recorded in a VBI patient during his ictal period. The spontaneous nystagmus was purely torsional toward the left side. During the various positional tests, up beating left torsional and right horizontal nystagmus was found. Right beating horizontal nystagmus was stronger when the head was turned to the left side. But we were not able to explain the exact mechanism of this nystagmus. Although the mechanism is not fully understood the pattern of nystagmus reported in this article may be helpful in distinguishing VBI from other diseases by means of VNG recording.
Head
;
Humans
;
Nystagmus, Pathologic
;
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
;
Vertigo