PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate, by means of strain gauge analysis, the effect of different implant angulations on strains around two implants retaining mandibular overdenture with Locator attachments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four duplicate mandibular acrylic models were constructed. Two implants were inserted in the canine regions using the following degrees of distal inclinations: group I (control); 0°, group II; 10°, group III; 20°, and group IV; 30°. Locator pink attachments were used to connect the overdenture to the implants and Locator red (designed for severely angled implants) was used for group IV (group IV(red)). For each group, two linear strain gauges were attached at the mesial and distal surfaces of the acrylic resin around each implant. Peri-implant strain was measured on loading and non-loading sides during bilateral and unilateral loading. RESULTS: For all groups, the mesial surfaces of the implants at loading and non-loading sides experienced compressive (negative) strains, while the distal implant surfaces showed tensile (positive) strains. Group IV showed the highest strain, followed by group III, group II. Both group I and group IV(red) showed the lowest strain. The strain gauges at the mesial surface of the loading side recorded the highest strain, and the distal surface at non-loading side showed the lowest strain. Unilateral loading recorded significantly higher strain than bilateral loading. CONCLUSION: Peri-implant strains around two implants used to retain mandibular overdentures with Locator attachments increase as distal implant inclination increases, except when red nylon inserts were used.
Denture, Overlay* ; Nylons

Methods of internal fixation for displaced intercondylar eminence fractures of tibia are percutaneous pinning, pull-out knot with wire or nylon and screw fixation. We tried experimental tensile test on four different fixation methods with 60 fresh pig knees. The results were as follows. 1. In our experimental study, the maximum tensile strength(M.T.S.) was recorded average 73.49N in the group of percutaneous pinning, 133.01N in Ethilon used group, 198.01N in wire used group and 275.05N in screw fixed group. 2. The group of percutaneous pinning with K-wires showed the lowest value of M.T.S., therefore, this method of fixation must be discarded. 3. The M.T.S of pull-out knot tie was about twice as high as that of percutaneous pinning. But the method of knotting should be improved because of the failure around the knot. 4. The group of screw fixation showed the highest value of M.T.S., but this method of fixation has some problems, like as arthrotomy or difficulty of removal of hardware.
Knee ; Nylons ; Tibia*

There are several methods for blepharoptosis correction. Many complication of blepharoptosis induced by operation. Lid lag and lagophthalmos is especially, a difficult problem to resolve. So, many plastic surgeons make an effort to prevent lid lag or lagophthalmos. One of blepharotposis correction methods, we have used Muller's muscle tucking method since 2004. The author's method is Muller's muscle tuck with fixation to the tarsal plate and pretarsal fascia with nylon #6-0 and aponeurosis sutured with pretarsal orbicularis muscle or pretarsal area dermis. We have found this method to show good results, with resulting no or only mild lagophthalmos than previous ptosis corrective methods. This method yield results with more post-operative predictability than aponeurosis surgery due to preservation of the aponeurosis gliding plane. If this method is applied to mild and moderate ptosis, it is one of good method of ptosis correction.
Blepharoptosis* ; Dermis ; Fascia ; Nylons

No abstract available.
Nylons* ; Ocular Hypotension* ; Stents*

Objectives: This is a study to determine the relative wound strength of a commercial fibrin tissue adhesive (Beriplast P, Aventis Behring) compared to 10-0 nylon sutures in sealing experimentally induced corneal perforations in cadaver porcine eyes. Methodology: Single Blind Completely Randomized Design. Sixty freshly enucleatedporcine eyes with an average corneal diameter of 11.5 mm were used. These were randomly allocated into the 3.2 mm perforation group (n = 30) and the 5.2 mm perforation group (n = 30). All perforations were made perpendicular to the corneal surface with a standard preset metal keratome at the central portion of the cornea. Fifteen corneal perforations in each group were again randomly sealed with either interrupted nylon 10-0 sutures or Beriplast P (65-115 mg/mL). Intraocular pressure was raised by injecting normal saline into the anterior chamber and determined by a manometer attached to it. The presealing and postsealing leaking pressures were recorded. Wound leak was determined by Seidels test Results: The mean leaking pressure of the 3.2 mm group sealed with nylon suture was 237.47 mm Hg and 237.33 mm Hg for those sealed with fibrin tissue adhesive. The mean leaking pressures of the 5.2-mm group was 1984 mm Hg for both sealing techniques. The difference in leakingpressures of both sealing techniques was not significant using a power of 80 percent to detect a difference of 30 mm Hg Conclusion: The wound strength of corneal perforations sealed with fibrin tissue adhesive, as measured by the leaking pressures, is comparable to that of those sealed with nylon 10-0 sutures in cadaveric porcine eyes. (Author)
WOUND HEALING ; CORNEAL PERFORATION ; FIBRIN TISSUE ADHESIVE/ADVERSE EFFECT ; CADAVER ; NYLONS ; NYLONS/ADVERSE EFFECT ; NYLONS/CLASSIFICATION ; SUTURES/ADVERSE EFFECT ; EYES

Internal urethrotomy is widely accepted for the treatment of urethral stricture recently. However it is well known the fact that urethral stricture can be recurred after internal urethrotomy. In the presence of severe urethral stricture, internal urethrotomy can not be performed because the operator has difficulty finding his way through the urethra. During the internal urethrotomy or primary realignment of urethral rupture, we inserted the Nylon(#1-0) from the suprapubic into the bladder and then situated into the distal urethra for the guide of right way of re-internal urethrotomy when severe urethral stricture was developed after operation. With above methods, we experienced less difficulties to perform internal urethrotomy. We found the method as simple, easy way to manage of severe urethral stricture under the direct visual urethrotomy.
Nylons ; Rupture ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture* ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: To identify the cause of frequent recurrence of ptosis after frontalis suspension with Supramid Extra II(R), we investigated the change occurring in the Supramid following implantation. METHODS: We examined the removed Supramid Extra II(R) from recurred congenital ptosis by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Some cracks were noted on its sheath as well as hydrolytic remnant of internal polyfilament. In most cases, the longer the implantation time was, the more the sign of disintegration was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that hydrolysis and subsequent weakening of Supramid material might have caused the frequent recurrence of ptosis.
Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Nylons* ; Recurrence

Macroscopic and microscopic examinations were performed on the 18 rabbit eyes in which methyl methacylate and nylon looped methyl methacrylate anterior chamber lenses were inserted and fixed in the chamber angle. Methyl methacrylate lens was inserted in 9 eyes and nylon looped methyl methacrylate was inserted in 9 eyes. Macroscopically, corneal haziness was not completely disappeared untill 7 ~ 10 days after insertion and neovascularization was found near the limbus where lens was fixed in the chamber angle. Microscopically, fibrosis and infiltration of neutrophil leucocytes were found on the cornea adjacent to the angle, chamber angle and iris. These findings were slightly more pronounced in nylon looped anterior chamber lens group. From this result, we can not draw any conclusion regarding prolonged effect of these anterior chamber lenses and further investigation will be needed.
Anterior Chamber* ; Cornea ; Fibrosis ; Iris ; Neutrophils ; Nylons

We performed suture tension adjustment (STA) in 8 patients who had undergone penetrating keratoplasty with 10-0 nylon running suture closure. 3 to 8 weeks after the surgery, STA was done by loosening the suture tension at the steep meridian and tightening at the flat meridian, guided by automatic keratometery, keratoscopic finding and manifest refraction. Pre-STA astigmatism of 6.27 +/- 1.84 diopter(D) was changed to 1.94 +/- 1.40D immediately after the adjustment. Post-STA astigmatism regressed mostly within two weeks of adjustment, remaining stable thereafter: In one case, suture breakage occurred during adjustment, and resuturing was done using a new 10-0 nylon tied to the broken ends without serious sequela.
Astigmatism ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating* ; Nylons ; Running* ; Sutures*

This investigation was undertaken to evaluate the natural and modified course of postoperative astigmatism, and to determine the stabilization time of refraction following extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber IOL implantation. Among the patients who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber IOL implantation performed by one surgeon(Kim) between April 1987 and August 1987, 46 patients who could be followed up over 6 months were included. The corneoscleral incision was closed with 7 to 8 interrupted 10/0 nylon monofilament sutures. In 10 eyes of 46 eyes the sutures were cut with a precut razor fragment under the operating microscope partially 6 weeks after operation or totally cut 2 months after operation. Our analysis demonstrated the following: A. Cases in which the sutures were not cut(36 eyes). 1. The mean initial corneal astigmatism after operation was 6.931 +/- 1.445 diopters. 2. The mean final cylinder after operation was 1.43 +/- 0.458 diopters. 3. There was no significant relationship between the initial corneal astigmatism and the amount of final cylinder after operation(correlation coefficient=0.0466). 4. The mean of stabilization time of refraction after operation was 3.083 +/- 1.052 months. 5. The relationship between the initial corneal astigmatism and the time of stabilization of refraction after operation was significant(correlation coefficient=0.3466). B. Cases in which the sutures were cut(10 eyes). 1. In 40% of eyes the pre-and postoperative corneal astigmatism were the same, and in 80% of eyes the change was equal to or less than 0.75 diopters.
Astigmatism* ; Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Humans ; Nylons ; Sutures