Objective:To explore the potential of local agar of genusGracilaria,Eucheuma,Gelidium and local brandsas an alternative for imported agarose forDNA electrophoresis, and to examine their ability related to separation and migration ofDNA fragments inDNA electrophoresis.
Methods:Their performance at various concentrations were compared via an experimental study with a specific brand of imported commercial agarose used in molecular biology research. The measured variables were separation and migration during electrophoresis of a DNA fragment.
Results: The local agar genusGracilaria gigas,Gelidium, brand B and brand S could separateDNA fragments at a concentration between 1% and 2%, with an optimum concentration of 2% w/v, as good as a specific brand of imported commercial agarose.
Conclusions:Their performance were very close to that of commercial agarose and can still be improved by further agar purification as well as by pH and sulfur control.

Purpose: Pediatric cancer is a serious problem and still becomes a global challenge today. Various complex stressors due to diagnosis, disease symptoms, and various side-effects from the treatment that children with cancer undergo will cause problems in the child's psychoneuroimmunological aspects. Psychological interventions designed to modulate the stress response include psychoneuroimmunological markers. Unfortunately, there is little evidence to support the effect of psychological interventions on psychoneuroimmunological markers. This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of psychological interventions on psychoneuroimmunological markers in children with cancer and to provide a new integrative model for further research. Methods: This systematic review uses four main databases (Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest). The guideline used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Selecting articles used the Rayyan application. The quality study was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)'s critical appraisal tools. The data were analyzed using the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and study design (PICO) Synthesis based on similarities and differences in study characteristics to interpret the results. Results: The search results in this systematic review found 1653 articles, 21 of which matched the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the designs used were randomized controlled trials (57.1%). Massage therapy was the most common type of psychological intervention (14.2%). Almost half of the studies measured psychological responses (38.0%), and psycho-physiological responses (42.9%), and only a small proportion assessed the effectiveness of psychological interventions on neuroimmunological markers in pediatric cancer. Conclusions We recommend the use of psychological interventions as an additional intervention in managing psychoneuroimmunological markers of pediatric cancer. This study offers a new integrative model demonstrating the interaction between stress and psychological intervention involving neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms. However, future researchers need to test all domains of these new integrative models. This will reveal the complex interactions among these components and understand their relevance to health outcomes.

Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of the social marketing mix approach in increasing students’ knowledge about smoking, promoting positive attitudes toward smoking cessation, and decreasing smoking behavior. Methods: This quantitative research study incorporated a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest non-equivalent group design. Using the purposive sampling technique, 152 smoking students were selected as participants. They were divided into 2 equal groups, with 76 students in the control group and 76 in the intervention group. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed with the chi-square test, independent t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: The social marketing mix intervention was effective in increasing the students’ knowledge about smoking (p<0.001), improving their attitude toward smoking cessation (p<0.001), and reducing their smoking behavior (p=0.014). Conclusions This approach should be implemented by local governments to reduce smoking behavior in the community, especially among teenagers, in addition to instituting a smoking ban and applying fines.

Objective: To explore the potential of local agar of genus Gracilaria, Eucheuma, Gelidium and local brands as an alternative for imported agarose for DNA electrophoresis, and to examine their ability related to separation and migration of DNA fragments in DNA electrophoresis. Methods: Their performance at various concentrations were compared via an experimental study with a specific brand of imported commercial agarose used in molecular biology research. The measured variables were separation and migration during electrophoresis of a DNA fragment. Results: The local agar genus Gracilaria gigas, Gelidium, brand "B" and brand "S" could separate DNA fragments at a concentration between 1% and 2%, with an optimum concentration of 2% w/v, as good as a specific brand of imported commercial agarose. Conclusions: Their performance were very close to that of commercial agarose and can still be improved by further agar purification as well as by pH and sulfur control.

PURPOSE: Using a quantitative approach, this study aims to assess Indonesian nurses' perception of their knowledge, skills, and preparedness regarding disaster management. METHODS: This study was a descriptive comparison in design. The research samples are Indonesian nurses working in medical services and educational institutions. The variables of nurses' preparedness to cope with disaster victims were measured using the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool (DPET), which was electronically distributed to all nurses in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using a statistical descriptive one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and t-test with a significance level of 95%. RESULTS: In total, 1341 Indonesian nurses completed this survey. The average scores of preparedness to cope with disasters, the ability to recover from disaster, and evaluation of disaster victims were 3.13, 2.53, and 2.46, respectively. In general, nurses surveyed in this study are less prepared for disaster management, and do not understand their roles both during the phase of disaster preparedness, and when coping with a post-disaster situation. CONCLUSION Nurses' preparedness and understanding of their roles in coping with disasters are still low in Indonesia. Therefore, their capacity in preparedness, responses, recovery, and evaluation of disasters needs improvement through continuing education. The efforts needed are significant due to potential disasters in Indonesia and adequate nurses resources.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Civil Defense ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disaster Planning ; Disaster Victims ; Education, Nursing, Continuing ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; psychology ; Perception ; Professional Role ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Introduction: The current era of the COVID-19 pandemic requires innovation in the provision of discharge planning by involving family members through the media safely and effectively. This study aimed to develop a discharge planning instrument based on patient family-centered care. Method: Research design Research and Development. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 110 medical record documents, 23 focus group discussion participants, and 2 experts (expert consultation). Data were collected through observation sheets, focus group discussions, and expert consultations. Data analysis using descriptive analysis, and validity test using I-CVI. Results: Development of a patient family centered care-based discharge planning instrument at the beginning of the patient’s admission (admission), namely sorting and adding assessment items to the level of knowledge of the disease, information and education needs, values, and beliefs, cultural background as well as physical and psychological. During treatment, namely arranging and sorting discharge planning items, providing information and education according to the assessment results using a media approach and the method according to the COVID-19 pandemic protocol. Towards home that is adding items; readiness or environmental conditions (environment), referral plans (Outpatient referral), and continued treatment while at home (Medication). Conclusion: The developed instrument tested is valid. As a result of this development, the new instrument can be tested and applied, and researched in the next stage on the outcomes of patient family-centered care.

Introduction: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) has been widely reported to improve outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but there are still 15 - 20% of patients still experience pain, physical limitations, and other complications after TKA. Therefore, it is necessary to identify various factors that correlate with QoL from current evidence. The objective is to review the literature on factors that correlate with QoL in patients who underwent TKA. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted on five databases, i.e. ProQuest, CINAHL, Medline, Embase, and Scopus, using the following keywords: total knee arthroplasty (TKA), post-operative, quality of life (QoL), and outcome. There were no restrictions on the research design. Results: This review found 14 articles (7 prospective studies and 7 retrospective studies) involving 15,972 patients who underwent TKA, with an age range of 32 - 94 years. All articles reported improvement in QoL after TKA. The review revealed 30 factors, of which 15 factors were significantly correlated with QoL after TKA. The factors were grouped into four types: demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Conclusion: Information regarding factors that correlate with QoL after TKA can be used for directing treatment and discharge planning according to the patient's factors.