Background: The most frequent congenital endocrine disorder in children is congenital hypothyroidism (CH). In Indonesia, CH’s prevalence is greater than the data currently available. However, CH newborn screening has only been carried out in a few locations across Indonesia. Therefore, there is a need to raise primary healthcare practitioners' understanding of the CH Screening Program. Materials and Methods: This study used a pre-posttest design to gauge the healthcare professionals' knowledge of newborn congenital hypothyroid screening. After intervention, a post-test was given. The categorical measures' descriptive statistical analysis results were presented as a mean, median, percentage (%), and frequency (n) distribution table. The improvement in healthcare professionals' understanding of newborn CH screening was evaluated using the Paired Samples test. The cutoff for statistical significance was p＜0.05 using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In our study, most of the participants were midwives with a total of 21/53 (39.62%) followed by nurses with 19/53 (35.83%). There was also an increase in the score where previously in the pretest only 1 person got a score above 80, then it increased to half of the participants, namely 49.06% (26/53) who got better scores. months and 37/54 (68.5%). With the Paired Sample test, we prove that there is a significant increase in the participants' scores, and the data obtained is p＜0.05, which means that there is an increase in the average data from the pretest to the post-test. Conclusion There was an improvement in pre-posttest knowledge of healthcare who had been given education about CH newborn screening.

Background and Objectives: Thyroxine is important for brain development. Improper hypothyroid treatment may lead to cognitive and motor impairment, thereby affecting the quality of life. We analyzed the correlation between age at first treatment, length of treatment, initial levothyroxine (LT4) dose, and serum levels of free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and pediatric quality of life in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). Materials and Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study of 41 children with CH who consumed LT4 for at least 3 months during March 2019-December 2019. The quality of life was assessed from parents’ reports using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) generic scale. Spearman correlation analysis was carried out, and statistical significance was set at p＜0.05. Results: A total of 17 of the 41 children were girls. The mean PedsQL scores in physical and psychosocial functioning were 78.12 (68.75-100) and 233.30 (215-251.67), respectively. Age at first treatment was correlated with physical functioning (r=−0.501, p＜0.05) and psychosocial functioning (r=−0.440, p＜0.05). The initial LT4 dose was negatively correlated with physical functioning (r=−0.568, p＜0.05) and psychosocial functioning (r=−0.482, p＜0.05). The length of treatment showed a positive correlation with physical functioning (r=0.776, p＜0.05) and psychosocial functioning (r= −0.852, p＜0.05). However, the serum fT4 and TSH levels were not correlated with quality of life in children with CH (p＞0.05). Conclusion Age at first treatment, initial dose of LT4, and length of treatment were correlated with quality of life in children with CH.

Introduction: Obesity has been demonstrated to induce oxidative stress and inflammation processes that lead to senescence. Obesity-induced cellular senescence in the brain is still widely investigated. This study aimed to investigate the expression of senescence markers in the frontal lobes of obese rats. Methods: Three groups of rats: control, Obese-2 (Ob-2), and Obese-4 (Ob-4) were observed. Control rats were fed with a standard diet for one month. In contrast, Ob-2 and Ob-4 rats were fed with a high-fat diet daily for two and four months, respectively. After being sacrificed, the rats’ brains were dissected out then the frontal lobes were used for RNA extraction. Reverse transcriptase PCR of p-16, p-21, and beta-actin was performed to investigate the relative expression of the senescence markers. Results: Ob-2 and Ob-4 groups had significantly increased body weight after being fed with a high-fat diet for two and four months, respectively. The mRNA expressions of p-16 and p-21 in the frontal lobes of three groups showed similar patterns. The ob-4 group had the highest mRNA expressions of both p-16 and p-21. In comparison to control and Ob-2 groups, the mRNA expressions of p-16 and p-21 were markedly increased. Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of p-16 and p-21 between control and Ob-2 groups were comparable. Conclusion: Increased senescence markers in the rats’ frontal lobes were observed as the chronic effect of obesity.