1.Effects of White Rice-Based Carbohydrates Diets on Body Weight and Metabolic Parameters in Rats
Nur Maziah Hanum Osman ; Barakatun-Nisak Mohd Yusof ; Subramaniam Jeevetha ; Amin Ismail ; Azrina Azlan ; Goh Yong Meng ; Nor Azmi Kamaruddin ; Minato Wakisaka
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2022;18(No.1):234-240
Introduction: We clarified the extent to which white rice (WR)-based carbohydrate diets affect body weight and
metabolic parameters in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, a male Sprague Dawley (n=32) rats fed with WRbased CHO diet in two different proportions of total energy intake (TEI 55% moderate-CHO (MCHO, n=8) and 65%
High-CHO (HCHO, n=8)) or high-fat diet (HFD, n=8) were compared with rats maintained on standard pellet diet
(SD, n=8) for eight weeks period. Carbohydrate sources in the HFD and SD were mainly based on cornstarch (25%
of amylose). Outcomes measures include body weight and metabolic parameters. Results: At baseline, body weight
and metabolic parameters (fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels) were comparable in all rats. Despite higher daily caloric intake in rats fed with HFD (103.9±3.0) than the other diets, no significant differences in
body weight between groups after 8 weeks of study. However, rats’ feds with WR-based CHO diets (both moderate
and high carbohydrates) had higher fasting blood glucose (MCHO=12.8±1.6, HCHO=16.9±2.4) and triglycerides
level (MCHO=1.2±0.0, HCHO=1.3±0.0) than rats in cornstarch-based HFD and SD (p<0.05). Both HFD and HCHO
had higher fasting insulin than MCHO and SD (p<0.05), but the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance
(HOMA-IR) was significantly higher in WR-based CHO diets (both moderate and high carbohydrates) than the rats in
cornstarch-based HFD and SD (p<0.05). Conclusion: A WR-based CHO diet exhibits higher fasting blood glucose,
triglycerides, and insulin resistance state than a high-fat diet without a significant impact on body weight. These
findings may explain the growing incidence of diabetes in Asia and worth studying further.