1.The Need To Reform The Hospital Payment System In Indonesia
Nur Hidayah ; Arlina Dewi ; OU Jen-ho ; Qurratul Aini
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 2019;19(2):132-140
One of the crucial health policies in hospitals is about physician payment methods. Indonesia had implemented the National Health Assurance since 2014 to achieve Universal Health Coverage by 2019. Most of hospital revenue is packaging from the National Health Insurance Agent (called BPJS). However, Fee-for-service (FFS) payment method is still dominant in many hospitals. How can hospitals make policy to rearrange the payment method to attain hospital performance? The purpose of this research is to analyze the payment system that can improve employee satisfaction and performances. Mix method was used to collect data and make an interpretation. Data collected from 185 respondents and four key informants. The result showed that the policy in private and public hospitals in Indonesia of the physician payment is diverse. Most of the hospitals use the pure FFS for self-employee physicians (part timer employee). For full time employee, they applied FFS mixed with salary, or remuneration. To improve employee satisfaction and performance, the hospitals should make a policy to link the FFS to pay for performances. The hospital should make the tailoring program by involving the physician in a designing method of the hospital remuneration.
2.Does Chlorella vulgaris Modulate the Expression of COL and MMP Genes in Skin Ageing?
Loke CY ; Nur Hidayah MS ; Mohd Fadhli MF ; Teo SK ; Nor Hidayah AG ; Yasmin Anum MY ; Suzana M
Medicine and Health 2010;5(1):1-12
Chlorella vulgaris, a unicellular microalgae, produces many intracellular phytochemicals
namely carotenoids, tocopherols, ubiquinone and protein. Skin ageing which is induced by oxidative stress involves decreased extracellular matrix synthesis and increased
expression of enzymes that degrade the collagenous matrix. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of C. vulgaris on the expression of genes encoded
for collagen (COL) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) which are involved in skin ageing. Human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) were obtained from circumcision foreskin
of 8-12 year-old boys. HDFs were cultured into 3 groups: untreated control cells, cells with stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS; cells were induced with H2O2
at passage 6 for 2 weeks) and SIPS treated with C. vulgaris (prolonged C. vulgaris treatment started at passage 4 and combined treatment with H2O2 at passage 6 for 2 weeks). Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase (SA ß-gal) was determined using senescent cells histochemical staining kit (Sigma, USA). Expression of COLI, COLIII,
COLIV, MMPI, MMPII and MMPIII genes was quantitatively analysed with real-time RT-PCR method (iScript™ One Step real-time PCR with SYBR® Green; Biorad).
HDFs treated with H2O2 (SIPS) exhibited senescent morphological features of flattening
and enlarged with increased expression of SA ß-gal (p<0.05). Gene expression analysis showed COLI was downregulated in SIPS and SIPS treated with C. vulgaris
(p<0.05) while COLIII decreased in SIPS and increased in SIPS treated with C. vulgaris (p<0.05). Expression of MMPI was increased in SIPS and SIPS treated with C. vulgaris
(p<0.05) indicating its synergistic effect with H2O2 treatment. In conclusion, in skin ageing, COLI and COLIII genes were downregulated while MMPI was upregulated.
C. vulgaris modulated the expression of COL and MMP genes by downregulating COLI and upregulating COLIII and MMPI but it did not exert anti-ageing effect.
5.Case Report Of Gollop-Wolfgang Complex: Surgery, Boulevard To Rejuvenate Functionality
Mohd Farid A ; Farid MA ; Hidayah NA ; Atikah ASA
Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal 2019;13(Supplement A):188-
6.Association between Nutritional Status, Food Insecurity and Frailty among Elderly with Low Income
NurZetty Sofia Zainuddin ; Muhammmad Hazrin Husin ; Nur Hidayah Ahmad ; Wong Yun Hua ; Han Wan Chien ; Suzana Shahar ; Munirah Ismail ; Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2017;15(1):50-59
Aging is associated with increased risk of frailty and malnutrition. However, food insecurity has rarely been highlighted in the elderly population, especially among the low income group. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the association between nutritional status, food insecurity and frailty among elderly in low income residences in Klang Valley. A total of 72 elderly individuals aged 60 years and above was selected (mean age 66 ± 6 years) through convenient sampling. Participants were interviewed to obtain information on socio-demographic, health status, food insecurity and cognitive status. Anthropometrics parameters and frailty assessments was measured using standard criteria. Results showed that 75.0% of the participants had abdominal obesity. Nearly half of the participants were overweight (41.7%), followed by normal (43.0%) and underweight (15.3%). With respect to food insecurity, most of them reported that they had enough food (93.1%). There were significant correlation (p < 0.05) between food insecurity with height (r = -0.263, p = 0.026). Most of the participants were pre-frail (58.3%), frail (27.8%) and followed by non-frail (13.9%). Calcium intake is inversely associated with frailty (t = -2.62, p = 0.011). In conclusion, food insecurity was not a problem, however, half of the subjects were overweight and pre-frail. Three out four subjects had abdominal obesity. There is a need to investigate further the pathogenesis of fat frail in this low income elderly population and formulate effective intervention strategies.
Aged
;
Income
7.Microbiological Assessment of Food Contact Surfaces in Residential College Cafeterias at a Local University in Malaysia
Siti Shahara ZULFAKAR ; Nur Hidayah Abd. Hamid ; Mazrura SAHANI
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2018;16(2):33-38
A food premise’s sanitation level can be reflected by the cleanliness of its food contact surfaces. Contaminated foodcontact surfaces along with poor handling methods by food handlers may increase the risk of foodborne diseasesthrough cross-contamination events. This study aimed to assess the microbiological contamination levels on food contactsurfaces of 12 residential college cafeterias in a local university and its correlation with the cafeteria’s premise grade.The presence of selected indicator and pathogenic microorganisms (total viable count (TVC), total coliform, Escherichiacoli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp.) on food contact surfaces were also determined. Cuttingboards, knives and utensils (cutleries, bowls and plates) that were used for ready-to-eat food were sampled for this study.The cafeteria’s premise grade was obtained based on the food premise inspection report by the university Health Centre.Three cafeterias have significantly higher (p < 0.05) bacterial counts (TVC) as compared to the international standard (1log CFU/cm2). E. coli was only found in 2 cafeterias while Salmonella spp. was only detected on 7 of the cafeterias. Cuttingboards were identified as the most contaminated food contact surface whereas utensils were the least contaminated. Therewas only a weak correlation between the microbiological levels on food contact surfaces and the cafeteria’s inspectiongrade (r = 0.02 p > 0.01). This study demonstrated that the sanitation level of food contact surfaces in the residentialcollege cafeterias was only average. Improvements need to be done to increase the sanitation level of the cafeterias, thusassuring the safety of the food for consumers.
8.Effects of Triterpenoids from Luvunga scandens on Cytotoxic, Cell Cycle Arrest and Gene Expressions in MCF-7 Cells.
Muhammad TAHER ; Putri Nur Hidayah AL-ZIKRI ; Deny SUSANTI ; Solachuddin Jauhari Arief ICHWAN ; Mohamad Fazlin REZALI
Natural Product Sciences 2016;22(4):293-298
Plant-derived triterpenoids commonly possesses biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-cancer. Luvunga scandens is one of the plant that produced triterpenoids. The aims of the study was to analyze cell cycle profile and to determine the expression of p53 unregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), caspase-8 and caspase-9 genes at mRNA level in MCF-7 cell line treated with two triterpenoids, flindissol (1) and 3-oxotirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic-acid (2) isolated from L. scandens. The compounds were tested for cell cycle analysis using flow cytometer and mRNA expression level using quantitative RT-PCR. The number of MCF-7 cells population which distributed in Sub G1 phase after treated with compound 1 and 2 were 7.7 and 9.3% respectively. The evaluation of the expression of genes showed that both compounds exhibited high level of expression of PUMA, caspase-8 and caspase-9 as normalized to β-actin via activation of those genes. In summary, the isolated compounds of L. scandens plant showed promising anticancer properties in MCF-7 cell lines.
Apoptosis
;
Caspase 8
;
Caspase 9
;
Cell Cycle Checkpoints*
;
Cell Cycle*
;
Flow Cytometry
;
G1 Phase
;
Gene Expression*
;
MCF-7 Cells*
;
Plants
;
Puma
;
RNA, Messenger
9.The Evaluation of Bone Regeneration Following Socket Preservation with Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF) and Poly Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Scaffold in Rabbits
Nur Zety Mohd Noh ; Nur Aliana Hidayah Mohamed ; Erni Noor
Archives of Orofacial Sciences 2022;17(SUPP 1):35-50
ABSTRACT
Various grafting materials are utilised to facilitate regeneration. There is currently a paradigm shift
towards applying poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), which is regarded as an excellent scaffold for tissue
engineering. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) has also been reported to promote wound healing.
Nevertheless, the role of PLGA microspheres as a substitute for bone graft material with CGF in bone
regeneration remains unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of CGF with PLGA on
bone formation and the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) following socket preservation. PLGA
microspheres were prepared using double solvent evaporation method and observed under scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). A 6 mL of rabbit’s blood was collected from the marginal ear vein and
centrifuged to obtain CGF. Blood was also collected for ALP assessment from 24 New Zealand White
(NZW) male rabbits subjected to the first upper left premolar extraction. Sockets were filled with CGF,
PLGA, CGF+PLGA or left empty and observed with microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT)
at four weeks and eight weeks. The SEM image revealed a spherical shape with interconnected pores
on the surface of the PLGA particles. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to evaluate the effect of
time and treatment (p < 0.05) with significant differences in bone width, height, volume, volume fraction
and expression of ALP was observed with CGF+PLGA. Both CGF and PLGA have the potential as the
alternative grafting materials and this study could serve as an ideal benchmark for future investigations on
the role of CGF+PLGA in bone regeneration enhancement.
Bone Regeneration
;
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
;
Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
10. Proapoptotic activities of Oroxylum indicum leave extract in HeLa cells
Nurul Hidayah WAHAB ; Nur Afina Mohd DIN ; Yee Ying LIM ; Noor Izani Noor JAMIL ; Nor Fazila Che MAT
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019;9(8):339-345
Objective: To examine the proapoptotic properties of Oroxylum indicum methanol extract on cervical cancer cells. Methods: Methylene blue assay was used to determine the IC