1.Factors Associated with Presence of Human Papillomavirus Infection among Women: Findings from New Cervical Cancer Screening in Kelantan, Malaysia
Nur Dalilah Mohd Zin ; Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail ; Noran Hashim
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2023;19(No.4):84-92
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to cause cervical cancer worldwide. Recently, Malaysia introduced HPV DNA detection testing for cervical cancer screening program. However, knowledge regarding
factors for HPV infection among women still limited. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors
associated with HPV infection among women in Kelantan, a north-eastern state of Malaysia. Methods: This study
used secondary data extracted from HPV DNA test registry book and HPV DNA laboratory request forms. Data on
all Malaysian women aged 30 to 49 years old in 2019 reported in registry book were included. Simple random
sampling was applied. All information from book and forms were collected using proforma and analysed using
SPSS. The outcomes were categorised into HPV infection and non-HPV infection. The parameters related to factors
associated with HPV infection were determined using multivariable logistic analysis. Results: The prevalence of HPV
infection among women attending the new cervical screening was 8.4% (95% CI 6.4%, 10.3%). Those aged between
30 and 39 years old (AdjOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.16, 3.78, p=0.014), had 5 or more parities (AdjOR 2.82; 95% CI 1.58,
5.06, p<0.001) and hormonal contraception users (AdjOR 7.48; 95% CI 4.07, 13.76, p<0.001) were significantly
associated with HPV infection. Conclusion: Overall, the prevalence of HPV infection from this study is comparable
to the local and international studies. Age, number of parities and hormonal contraception users influence the HPV
infection. This finding could help in designing more targeted screening for cervical cancer.