Technisium ((99m)Tc) is one of the most widely used radioactive isotopes for diagnosis in nuclear medicine. In general, technisium is produced inside the so called (99m)Tc generator which is usually made out of lead to shield relatively high energy radiation from (99)Mo and its daughter nuclide (99m)Tc. In this paper, a GEANT4 simulation is carried out to test the safety of the (99m)Tc generator, taking the Daiichi product with radioactivity of 500 mCi as an example. According to the domestic regulation on radiation safety, the dose at 10 cm and 100 cm away from the surface of shielding container should not exceed 2.0 mSv/h and 0.02 mSv/h, respectively. The simulated dose turned out to be less than the limit, satisfying the domestic regulation.
Nuclear Family ; Nuclear Medicine ; Radioactivity ; Radioisotopes

The authors have experienced 3 Rho(D) negative siblings from Rho(D) positive parents. ABO grouping and typing were carried out because the parents wanted their and children's blood types. On the five major Rh antigen(D, C, c, E, e) testing, the phenotypes of the both parents were CcDe, and those of their 3 siblings were cde. We can suspect the possible genotypes on the basis of the frequencies in Korean, both parents are CDe/cde and their 2 daughters and one son are cde/cde.
Genotype ; Humans ; Nuclear Family ; Parents* ; Phenotype ; Siblings*

The familial occurrence of meningiomas without evidence of neurofibramatosis was very rare. Recently, we experienced a family in which a mother and a daughter had histologically similar tumors. There was no evidence of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis in either of the subjects or in other members of their family who were examined. The evidence to support heritability of meningiomas in the general population remains inconclusive, by gentic factors contribute to the etiology of meningiomas in isolated families.
Humans ; Meningioma* ; Mothers ; Neurofibromatoses ; Nuclear Family

No abstract available.
Arthrodermataceae* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Nuclear Family* ; Tinea*

Nursing science is focusing increasingly on family health care. Especially during the launching stage of family the grown-up sons daughters, and middlescent parents daughters have experienced a lot of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate the family health during the launching stage of the family by utilizing the family health assessment tool based on Roy's adaptation model. The Roy adaptation model was used as it is the best practice-based framework for Family Health Nursing Care. The data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The structure of the questionnaire was developed from the Family Health Assessment Tool by S.O. Jang(1996). The sample of 276 subjects was a convenient sample and data was obtained from November 14, 1996 to December 4, 1996. In order to analyze the collected data, this study utilized frequency, percentile, average, ANOVA, Cronbach's, and factor analysis. The results from this research are summarized as follows : 1. The degree of family health is average 95.24+/-9.40 ranged in middle. 2. The significant difference between general characteristics and family health was only revealed with the major decision making person in the family. This research thus suggests the following : 1. The legal system is needed in order to check the family members' health state regularly. 2. With family nursing care, it has to identify who is the major decision maker in that family. 3. There is a need to redefine the family health assessment tool. 4. Further research will attempt to investigate family health in each family's developmental stage.
Decision Making ; Family Health* ; Family Nursing ; Humans ; Nuclear Family ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and perception for Kimchi in middle school students. A questionnaire was used as the instrument of investigation. The subjects were 375 male students and 278 female students in Masan and Changwon City. The main results of this study are as follows. Ninety-three point three percent of the subjects were nuclear family type and 61.7% of respondent's mother had job. The average knowledge score for Kimchi of the subjects was 5.27 out of possible 10 points and the average value score on Kimchi was 41.25 out of 50 points. Eighty-six point one percent of students think they should eat Kimchi because Kimchi is good for the health(38.6%) and Kimchi is our traditional food(31.4%), and it was significantly difference between gender(p<0.01), male students more realized 'Kimchi is good for the health(41.6%)', whereas female students more realized 'Kimchi is our traditional food(38.9%)'. The subjects perceived that the additive material making for Kimchi were powdered red pepper(80.2%), garlic(62.5%), salt(62.0%), salted, fermented shrimp(50.2%). ginger(49.5%), green onion(39.8%), salted, fermented anchovy(34.9%), sesame(25.0%), carrot(22.4%). More than 70% of the subjects estimated for Kimchi 'Kimchi is our traditional food(84.1%)', 'Kimchi must be developed the international food'(73.7%), 'Kimchi must be in succession(75.8%)', 'Kimchi is very nutritious food(70.3%)'. However, they thought Kimchi have to be improved more hygienically(38.8%) and less stimulative taste(25.7%). The knowledge for Kimchi showed a positive correlation with the value on Kimchi and the preferences for Kimchi, and the value on Kimchi was a positively related to the preferences for Kimchi(p<0.01). Therefore it is need to the development of program for the knowledge for Kimchi and the value on Kimchi in order to improvement the preferences for Kimchi.
Female ; Gyeongsangnam-do* ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Surveys and Questionnaires

A case of osteoporotic bone marrow defect, which appeared as a well-defined multilocular radiolucency overlapping the roots of mandibular right second molar, was reported. On periapical radiograph, a daughter cyst-like radiolucency was seen at the anterior margin of the lesion making it difficult to rule out odontogenic keratocyst.
Bone Marrow* ; Mandible ; Molar ; Nuclear Family ; Odontogenic Cysts ; Periapical Diseases

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the health status and life satisfaction of elders in welfare facilities. METHODS: The subjects of this study were selected randomly among those without cognitive impairment from free (140 persons) and charged (140 persons) welfare facilities in the Yeongnam area. Data was analyzed using t-test and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Health status and life satisfaction were 2.52 and 1.98, respectively, in the elders from free welfare facilities, and 2.67 and 2.08 respectively, in the elders from charged welfare facilities. In those from free facilities, life satisfaction and motivation for getting into the welfare facility were the influencing factors of health status. In those from charged facilities, life satisfaction, gender, motivation for getting into the welfare facility, limited service such as physiotherapy, age, and lack of staff and professionalism were the influence factors of health status. In those from free facilities, health status, relationship conflict with fellow elders, lack of staff and professionalism, insufficient facilities and inadequate environment, and indifference of sons and daughters were the influence factors of life satisfaction, In those from charged facilities, health status, education and age were the influence factors of life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that both health status and life satisfaction of elders in charged welfare facilities were higher than those in free welfare facilities.
Education ; Health Facilities ; Motivation ; Nuclear Family ; Residential Facilities

PURPOSE: Recently the number of juvenile delinquents have been increasing in Korea and their misdeeds were getting worse. This study was conducted to find out the basic cause of juvenile delinquency and a counterplan of overcoming this distress. METHODS: The authors reviewed the statistics of the Supreme Public Prosecutors Office to know the juvenile delinquents and Korean national statistics to know the changes of family environments. The author conducted a study on the family environments between student group and juvenile de linquent group in jail, and also investigated the value judgement of middle and high school students to know the difference between the recent adolescents and the youth before 1945. RESULTS: Nuclear families, dual-income families and divorce rates have remarkably been increased recently. All of which are considered to be the basic cause of getting worse in home teaching. It was found that the delinquent group have more defective families, poorer economic status, poorer parent's educational level than the student group, and also found that the value judgement of recent youth were quite different from that of youth before 1945. CONCLUSION: Industrialization have changed our home-environment rapidly which made home-teaching poorer, and the children were being insecure and melancholy, which consequently made them more abnormal youth and juvenile delinquents in Korea.
Adolescent ; Child ; Divorce ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency ; Korea* ; Nuclear Family

Tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant disorder of cellular differentiation that affect the brain, skin, heart, kidney and other organs. We experienced three cases of tuberous sclerosis that affect multiple organs in mother and two daughters. We report these cases with brief review and related literatures.
Brain ; Heart ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mothers* ; Nuclear Family* ; Skin ; Tuberous Sclerosis*