Objective To investigate the objectivity and comprehensiveness of Response Evaluation Criteria of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Solid Tumor(REC-TCM-ST) in the therapeutic effect evaluation of Chinese medicine for late non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 104 NSCLC patients in the stages of Ⅲ~Ⅳ.Of 104 patients,53 received traditional Chinese medicine(TCM group),and 51 received western medicine(WM group).The therapeutic effect in the two groups was evaluated with both REC-TCM-ST and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor(RECIST).Results The REC-TCM-ST evaluation results showed that the effective rate on relieving tumor mass in TCM group was lower than that in WM group(P0.05);the symptom of weakness was much relieved,and effect on Karnofsky score was good in TCM group as compared with that in WM group(P0.05).As for the survival patients,TCM group had a median survival period of(8.0?1.2) months,and survival rates for half a year,one year and two years were 60.38%,24.53% and 3.77% respectively;WM group had a median survival period of(5.9?0.4) months,and survival rates for half a year,one year and two years were 41.18%,15.69% and 1.96% respectively.The RECIST evaluation results showed that the total effective rate and the total stable rate were 9.62% and 72.12% respectively,while were 34.62% and 84.62% respectively when evaluated with REC-TCM-ST,the difference being significant(P