OBJECTIVE To study the current infection control issues and discuss protocols of nosocomial infection management. METHODS Based on the characteristics and progresses of domestic and international nosocomial infection management,we analyzed the existing problems and countermeasures of some key issues. RESULTS Enhancing nosocomial infection objective-surveillance,the personnel construction,information technology,etc are the chief methods to improve the quality of nosocomial infection control. CONCLUSIONS Adopting some new measures to strengthen the nosocomial infection management is essential and important to the security of medical treatment.

OBJECTIVETo study the quality and the chemical components of Chrysanthemum morifolium from Tongxiang city.

METHODChemical constituents of nine cultivars were compared in three types of index: chlorogenic acid, flavonoid and volatile oil.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe content varied significantly. The content of chlorogenic acid in Jinjuerhao was 6.66%, the highest among the samples. Yizhongdabaiju showed the highest flavonoid and volatile oil with 9.49% and 3.30 mL x kg(-1) respectively.

China ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chrysanthemum ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Ecosystem ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Plant Preparations ; analysis ; chemistry ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Species Specificity

Objective To analyze the effects of painting and medication intervention on psycho-logical state,compliance and quality of life in patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD).Methods A total of 70 patients with GAD from May 2020 to September 2022 were included as study subjects,among whom 35 patients receiving single drug intervention were included in single group,and 35 patients receiving painting combined drug intervention were included in combined group.The psychological state scores and intervention compliance of the subjects in the two groups were ana-lyzed,the life quality scores and serum factor expression levels of the subjects in the two groups were compared before and after intervention,and the changes in sleep quality of the two groups were ob-served before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Rat-ing Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)in the two groups were decreased compared with those before intervention,but their scores in the combined group were lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total compliance rate of the combined group was higher than that of the single group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the 36-item Shot-form Health Status Survey(SF-36)scores of the two groups were improved compared with that before intervention,and the SF-36 score of the combined group was higher,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the combined group were lower than those in the single group,and the expression level of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was higher than those in the single group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the sleep quality of the two groups was improved compared with that be-fore intervention,but the improvement degree of the combined group was higher(P＜0.05).Conclusion Painting combined with drug intervention can effectively improve the adverse psycho-logical state of GAD patients,improve their intervention compliance,and further improve their qual-ity of life and sleep quality.

Objective To analyze the effects of painting and medication intervention on psycho-logical state,compliance and quality of life in patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD).Methods A total of 70 patients with GAD from May 2020 to September 2022 were included as study subjects,among whom 35 patients receiving single drug intervention were included in single group,and 35 patients receiving painting combined drug intervention were included in combined group.The psychological state scores and intervention compliance of the subjects in the two groups were ana-lyzed,the life quality scores and serum factor expression levels of the subjects in the two groups were compared before and after intervention,and the changes in sleep quality of the two groups were ob-served before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the scores of Hamilton Anxiety Rat-ing Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)in the two groups were decreased compared with those before intervention,but their scores in the combined group were lower,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total compliance rate of the combined group was higher than that of the single group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the 36-item Shot-form Health Status Survey(SF-36)scores of the two groups were improved compared with that before intervention,and the SF-36 score of the combined group was higher,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the combined group were lower than those in the single group,and the expression level of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was higher than those in the single group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the sleep quality of the two groups was improved compared with that be-fore intervention,but the improvement degree of the combined group was higher(P＜0.05).Conclusion Painting combined with drug intervention can effectively improve the adverse psycho-logical state of GAD patients,improve their intervention compliance,and further improve their qual-ity of life and sleep quality.

Adult ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) has been widely studied in non-small cell lung cancer, which is considered as an independent prognostic factor in patiens with non-small cell lung cancer. However, there are few studies on the prognostic value of TTF-1 in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the expression state of TTF-1 and the sensitivity to first-line chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with SCLC. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on 234 patients with SCLC who were diagnosed and treated in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and received platinum-based chemotherapy. The clinical characteristics, treatment and survival of the patients were followed up. Chi χ² test and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between TTF-1 expression and chemotherapy response rate. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze the effect of TTF-1 expression on survival time of patients. RESULTS: Among the 234 patients, the positive expression of TTF-1 was 188 cases (80.3%), and the negative expression of TTF-1 was 46 cases (19.7%). The objective response rate (ORR) of first-line chemotherapy in patients with positive expression of TTF-1 was higher than that in patients with negative expression of TTF-1 (70.7% vs 47.8%) (χ²=8.681, P=0.003). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the expression state of TTF-1 was an independent predictor of ORR in first-line chemotherapy (OR=0.216, 95%CI: 0.076-0.615, P=0.004), however this difference was only reflected in LS-SCLC. The median progression free survival (PFS) of patients with negative expression of TTF-1 was shorter than that of patients with positive expression (6.9 months vs 9.0 months) (χ²=9.357, P=0.002). The median OS in TTF-1 negative group was shorter than that in TTF-1 positive group (13.3 months vs 20.1 months)(χ²=12.082, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS TTF-1 expression is an independent predictor of first-line chemotherapy response rate and survival in patients with SCLC, and may become a biomarker to predict the efficacy and prognosis of SCLC.

To understand the potential causes of laboratory-acquired infections and to provide possible solutions that would protect laboratory personnel, samples from a viral laboratory were screened to determine the main sources of contamination with six subtypes of Rhinovirus. Rhinovirus contamination was found in the gloves, cuffs of protective wear, inner surface of biological safety cabinet (BSC) windows, and trash handles. Remarkably, high contamination was found on the inner walls of the centrifuge and the inner surface of centrifuge tube casing in the rotor. Spilling infectious medium on the surface of centrifuge tubes was found to contribute to contamination of centrifuge surfaces. Exposure to sodium hypochlorite containing no less than 0.2 g/L available chlorine decontaminated the surface of the centrifuge tubes from Rhinovirus after 2 min.
Equipment Contamination ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Laboratories, Hospital ; manpower ; standards ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; statistics & numerical data ; Virus Diseases ; virology ; Viruses ; genetics ; growth & development ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE: Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation pathway. Many picornaviruses induce autophagy to benefit viral replication, but an understanding of how autophagy occurs remains incomplete. In this study, we explored whether coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection induced autophagy through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS: In CVB3-infected HeLa cells, the specific molecules of ER stress and autophagy were detected using Western blotting, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and confocal microscopy. Then PKR-like ER protein kinase (PERK) inhibitor, inositol-requiring protein-1 (IRE1) inhibitor, or activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6) inhibitor worked on CVB3-infected cells, their effect on autophagy was assessed by Western blotting for detecting microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). RESULTS: CVB3 infection induced ER stress, and ER stress sensors PERK/eIF2α, IRE1/XBP1, and ATF6 were activated. CVB3 infection increased the accumulation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-LC3 punctuation and induced the conversion from LC3-I to phosphatidylethanolamine-conjugated LC3-1 (LC3-II). CVB3 infection still decreased the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-mTOR. Inhibition of PERK, IRE1, or ATF6 significantly decreased the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I in CVB3-infected HeLa cells. CONCLUSION CVB3 infection induced autophagy through ER stress in HeLa cells, and PERK, IRE1, and ATF6a pathways participated in the regulation of autophagy. Our data suggested that ER stress may inhibit mTOR signaling pathway to induce autophagy during CVB3 infection.
Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; metabolism ; Autophagy ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; metabolism ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Endoribonucleases ; metabolism ; Enterovirus B, Human ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; eIF-2 Kinase ; metabolism

14-3-3 Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Cricetinae ; Internal Ribosome Entry Sites ; Open Reading Frames ; Prion Diseases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective: This study aimed to identify internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) in the open reading frame (ORF) of the Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genome. Methods: The sequences of P1, P2, or P3 of the CVB3 genome or the truncated sequences from each antithymocyte globulin (ATG) to the end of the P1, P2, or P3 gene were inserted into the pEGFP-N1 vector. After transfection, possible IRES-dependent green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused proteins were detected by anti-GFP western blotting. The sequences of possible IRESs were inserted into specific Fluc/Rluc bicistronic vectors, in which the potential IRESs were determined according to the Fluc/Rluc activity ratio. Expression of Fluc and Rluc mRNA of the bicistronic vector was detected by RT-qPCR. Results: After transfection of full length or truncated sequences of the P1, P2, or P3 plasmids, six GFP-fused protein bands in P1, six bands in P2 and nine bands in P3 were detected through western blotting. Two IRESs in VP2 (1461-1646 nt) and VP1 (2784-2983 nt) of P1; one IRES in 2C (4119-4564 nt) of P2; and two IRESs in 3C (5634-5834 nt) and 3D (6870-7087 nt) of P3 were identified according to Fluc/Rluc activity ratio. The cryptic promoter was also excluded by RT-qPCR. Conclusion Five IRESs are present in the CVB3 coding region.
Internal Ribosome Entry Sites/genetics* ; Open Reading Frames ; RNA, Messenger/genetics*