In order to explore the mechanism of sinew acupuncture (SA), related literature is reviewed and analyzed in combination with clinical practice. It is believed that the clinical indications of SA mainly include sinew injury and sinew injury related diseases. Sinew and channel tissue is similar to the superficial and deep fascia, which has a close relationship with defensive qi. The pathogenesis of sinew injury results from the deficiency of defense qi, leading to stagnation of evil qi in sinew tissue. The manipulation of SA is featured with the floating and superficial needling, transverse needling at points without arrival of qi. SA treatment can activate the defense qi, regulate sinew and channels and disperse the evil qi in sinew and channels, by which it exerts therapeutic effects. The SA will have a promotion effects on acupuncture popularization.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Qi ; Sensation

This is to investigate the relationship between jingjin (the meridian of muscle region) and weiqi (the defensive qi) by referring to relevant studies. Jingjin is inherent in weiqi and originated from the meridian of foot-taiyang. It receives weiqi from the extremities and expands to several meridians of muscle regions. Jingjin is where weiqi travels and distributes. When weiqi combines with exogenous pathogens, this leads to Bi syndrome of meridian muscle regions. The analysis results in that the twelve kinds of Bi syndrome of meridian muscle regions belong to the category of Bi syndrome, which is caused by the invasion of pathogenic wind-cold-dampness into the muscle. The pathogenesis is related to the disorder of weiqi circulation. It is summarized that jingjin is closely related to weiqi and reflected in physiology and pathology, etc. The study guides to the diagnosis and treatment of jingjin diseases.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians ; Qi ; history

Needling pain is one of the reasons that patients resist acupuncture treatment, and also one of the major obstacles that students encounter during the study of acupuncture-moxibustion. It has become the target for acupuncturists from each generation to study and pursue to realize painless needle insertion. In ancient times, medical experts emphasized rapid needle insertion, needle insertion along with cough, and the assistance of the pressing hand. In modern times, when some scholars proposed to strengthen the basic training of finger force for rapidly puncturing the skin, some other great acupuncturists used slow needle insertion methods. Therefore, an observational study of slow needle insertion was conducted. After years of clinical and teaching practice, the scientificity and feasibility of slow needle insertion were verified, and the painless needle insertion method by puncturing the meshes of skin veins was brought up.

OBJECTIVETo observe the immediate analgesic effect of tendon acupuncture on soft tissue injury in different sites.

METHODSA total of 140 cases of soft tissue injury, involving 14 injury sites, were treated with tendon acupuncture. According to the principle of "considering pain as acupoint", based on injury sites, one to three tendon acupoints were selected in each tendon, which were treated with 1 to 5 times. Totally 676 times Of treatment was given. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the immediate. analgesic effect before and after the treatment.

RESULTSAfter the treatment, the score of VAS was significantly reduced (4. 20+ 1. 77 vs 2. 43 ± 1. 30, P<0. 001); regardless of the total number of treatment, the score of VAS after each acupuncture was obviously reduced compared with that before acupuncture (all P<0. 001); the score of VAS at each injury sites after treatment was significantly reduced compared with that before treatment (all P<0. 001).

CONCLUSIONThere is an immediate analgesic effect of tendon acupuncture for different sites of soft tissue injury. Also, the effect has been shown in different frequencies of treatment.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Tendons ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The author provides the hypothesis on the "sinew-meridian system" in terms of the physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of meridians and sinew-meridians. Meridians are nourished with blood and sinew-meridians are softened with. Meridians are circulated in linear form and sinew-meridians are distributed in centripetal state. Meridians are communicated externally and internally and sinew-meridians are connected with tendons and bones. Meridians pertain toorgans and sinew-meridians stabilizeorgans. Meridians nourish five sensory organs and sinew-meridians moisten nine orifices. Meridians are characterized as nourishment and sinew-meridians as solidity. Meridians emphasize the conditions of either deficiency or excess, and sinew-meridians as either cold or heat. The meridian disorder is located deeply and of complex and sinew-meridian's is located superficially and of simplicity. The meridian disorder is difficult to treat and with poor therapeutic effect and the sinew-meridian disorder is easy to treat and with rapid therapeutic effect. The "sinew-meridian system" composes of meridian-collateral system and tendon-skin system, in which the meridian-collateral system includes the twelve meridians, eight extra meridians and fifteen collaterals, being relevant with nutrition and blood, acting on transporting, blood and message; the tendon-skin system includes twelve sinew-meridians and twelve meridians of cutaneous regions, being relevant with defensive, acting on governing the motor function and protecting the body.