OBJECTIVETo analyze the CT image characteristics of liver secondary lymphoma.

METHODSThe medical records of 13 patients were reviewed. There were 12 non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma case. Abdomen CT scan was performed in all cases, plain scan and enhanced CT scan were performed in 11 cases, plain CT scan was performed in 2 cases.

RESULTSOf the 13 cases, 11 were nodular type, 1 was diffuse type, and 1 was mixed type. Plain CT scan showed low density, enhanced CT showed circular enhancement in 1 case, mild to midrange delayed enhancement in 1 case, midrange enhancement in 1 case, mild enhancement in 2 cases, blood vessel floating sign in 3 cases, no enhancement in 6 cases.

CONCLUSIONSThe characteristics of liver secondary lymphoma CT image of liver secondary lymphoma includes blood vessel floating sign and enhancement.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hodgkin Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo identify the ETV6 gene rearrangement in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and explore its relationship with prognosis and disease stages.

METHODSETV6 rearrangement in 58 MDS cases were detected by conventional cytogenetics and Split-signal FISH. RT-PCR was used to detect 9p24-12p13 balance translocation with special designed primers ETV6F1/F2 and JAK2R1/R2. The relationship between ETV6 rearrangement and prognosis and disease staging in MDS patients was analyzed.

RESULTSETV6 rearrangement were found in 4 (6.9%) of 58 cases, among which ETV6/JAK2 fusion was identified by RT-PCR in 1 (1.7%) case. The mean follow-up duration was 12 months. All 4 patients (100%) with rearrangement transformed into acute leukemia, with a median survival time (MS) of 7 months; while 10 patients (17%) in the non-translocation group transformed to acute leukemia, with a MS of 28 months. In addition, all 4 patients (100%) with rearrangement were in advanced stage of MDS( RAEB), while 17 cases (31.5%) in non-rearrangement group were in that stage.

CONCLUSIONSETV6 rearrangement has higher expression rate (6.9%), and is closely associated with disease stage and prognosis in MDS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; genetics ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; genetics ; Repressor Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of RRM1 and ERCC1 genes in tumor tissues and peripheral blood lymphocytes of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSTissue and peripheral blood samples were collected from 49 advanced NSCLC patients treated with gemcitabine plus carboplatin. The expressions of RRM1 and ERCC1 mRNA in tumor tissue and peripheral lymphocytes were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The relationship of gene expression with clinical characteristics,chemotherapy response and prognosis was analyzed.

RESULTSThe RRM1 expression in tumor tissues was positively correlated with that in peripheral blood lymphocytes,while no significant correlation was observed between ERCC1 expression in tumor tissues and that in peripheral blood (rs=0.332 and 0.258; P=0.020 and 0.073, respectively). The expression of RRM1 and ERCC1 in tumor tissues peripheral lymphocytes was synchronous (rs=0.634 and 0.351; P<0.001 and 0.013, respectively). There was no significant correlation of gene expression with gender, age, smoking status, performance status, clinical stages and histological types of patients (P>0.05). Significant difference was found in response rate to chemotherapy (P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05),median survival time (P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05) and 1-year survival rate (P<0.01,<0.05,P<0.05) between patients with low RRM1 and ERCC1 expression levels in tumor tissues or low RRM1 expression levels in peripheral blood and those with high RRM1 and ERCC1 expression levels. The patients with low ERCC1 expression levels in tumor tissues gained higher 2-year survival rate (P<0.05). There was no correlation of the expression of ERCC1 in peripheral blood with the response to chemotherapy and prognosis (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression of RRMI and ERCC1 genes in tumor tissues and RRM1 in peripheral blood lymphocytes is closely correlated with the response to chemotherapy and prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with gemcitabine plus carboplatin.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Endonucleases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of the micronucleus (MN) formation in lymphocytes from patients with the malignant degrees of colorectal cancer.

METHODSThe MN test in capillary blood lymphocytes was conducted in 112 patients randomly selected from in-hospital patients before therapy. Experimental data were analyzed by SPSS (v.10.1) software.

RESULTSThe differences in the frequency of MN between 7 pathological types of colorectal cancers and controls were statistically significant (P<0.01). The frequency of MN increased with the decrease of the histological differentiation in colorectal cancer, and the statistically significant differences were seen between low differentiation group and the other differentiation groups in colorectal cancers.

CONCLUSIONThere is a significant correlation between MN formation and the malignant degrees of colorectal cancer, and MN formation will be a useful biomarker for the identification of malignant degrees of colorectal cancer before operation or for the screening of high risk subgroup.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Micronucleus Tests ; methods ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of heat shock preconditioning on the expressions of heat shock protein (HSP) 60 and HSP 70 and on the activities of cytochrome oxidase (CCO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mitochondria in gastric mucosa of severely scalded rats, and to investigate its protective mechanism on acute gastric mucosal lesion in rats with severe scald.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, i. e. scald group ( n = 40, acute gastric mucosal lesion was made after scald, other 8 normal rats without scald were employed as blank control); HS group ( n =40, with heat shock preconditioning 20 h before scald), and other 8 rats preconditioned with heat shock but without scald were employed as experimental control I; actinomycin D group ( n = 40, with intraperitoneal injection of 0. 1 mg/kg actinomycin D 30 min before heat shock preconditioning and other treatment as HS group), and other 8 rats with merely actinomycin D injection were employed as experimental control II. Eight rats in each group were sacrificed and laparotomized at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 post-scald hours (PSH) , respectively to determine the index of gastric mucosal lesions (UI ) , the mRNA expressions of HSP70 and protein expression of HSP60 and HSP70, and the changes in the activities of SOD and CCO.

RESULTSUI of the scalded rats increased as the time elapses, reaching the peak (12. 8 +/- 1.9) at 24 PSH. In addition, UI in HS group was significantly lower than that in scald group at each time-point except that at 3 PSH ( P < 0. 05 or 0. 01). The extent of gastric mucosal lesion in rats in actinomycin D group was obviously aggravated compared with that in scald and HS groups ( P <0. 05). The HSP70 mRNA expression in both scald and HS groups was increased at each time-points except for 48PBH, while that in actinomycin D group was increased at 24 PBH and 48PBH. The expressions of HSP70 and HSP60 were greatly increased in HS group compared with those in scald group ( P < 0. 05 or 0. 01) , while those in actinomycin D group were significantly inhibited ( P < 0. 05). The activities of CCO and SOD were gradually decreased in gastric mucosa in scald group, but it was greatly improved by HS preconditioning at 6, 12, 24 PSH ( P < 0. 05 or 0. 01).

CONCLUSIONHeat shock preconditioning is beneficial for the protection of acute gastric mucosal lesion of rats after severe scald, due to increase of HPS60 and HSP70 expression, and increase of CCO and SOD activities in mitochondria.

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chaperonin 60 ; metabolism ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; metabolism ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Response ; Male ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

To investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms for platelet-neutrophils cross talk mediated by platelet-activating factor (PAF) and to lay a foundation for clinical application, ginkgolides B (GB), a PAF receptor antagonist, was added in the whole blood to block the effects of PAF on activation of platelet-neutrophil; PAF and ADP were respectively added in the whole blood to monitor the expression of CD62P on platelet by flow cytometry; PAF and ADP were added in the whole blood to monitor the expression of CD11b on neutrophil by flow cytometry; PAF and ADP were added in the whole blood to monitor the platelet-leucocyte aggregates (PLA) which were PLA in the total leucocyte population (PLA/L) and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD42b. Outcomes were analyzed by t-test, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results showed that the expression of CD62P on platelats, the expression of CD11b on neutrophils and PLA formation were all increased by PAF and ADP; the PAF receptor antagonists (GB) could obviously inhibit the expression of CD62P, CD11b and PLA formation induced by PAF, but could not completely inhibit the activation of platelet and neutrophil, and the platelet-neutrophil cross talk; GB could inhibit the expression of CD62P and CD11b induced by ADP, but could not conpletely inhibit the activation of platelet and neutrophli; GB could not obviously inhibit the platelet-leucocyte aggregates mediated by ADP. It is concluded that the multiligand-receptor systems involved in PLA formation and platelet-netrophils cross talk seem to be regulated by complex mechanisms; the PAF receptor antagonists (GB) obviously inhibit the effect of PAF, and may be widely utilized in the therapy of thrombosis and inflammation.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; pharmacology ; Adult ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; CD11b Antigen ; blood ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cell Communication ; drug effects ; physiology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Ginkgolides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Activating Factor ; pharmacology ; Platelet Activation ; drug effects ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; analysis ; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo introduce the newly found gene TIP30/CC3 into a hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 and select the stable expression clones. The growth and cell cycles were studied with the clones stably expressing TIP30/CC3 or anti-TIP30/CC3, and the effects of TIP30/CC3 gene on hepatoma cells were analyzed.

METHODSThe internal expression of TIP30/CC3 protein was detected with Western blot, then TIP30/CC3 or anti-TIP30/CC3 cDNA was subcloned into a constitutive vector pcDNA3 followed by transfection into PLC/PRF/5. Stable expression clones were selected. The cell growth curve was made and cell cycles detected using flow cytometry. To confirm the results in vitro, stable-expressing cells were implanted subcutaneously into nude mice and time of tumor formation recorded and tumor volume measured.

RESULTSPLC-anti-TIP30 grew faster than the others. Three days after transfection, live cells of PLC-anti-TIP30 were 14.0*10(4), in comparison with the control PLC-DNA3 and PLC/PRF/5, the differences were statistically significant. Live cells of PLC-TIP30 were 4.9*10(4), significantly less than the two control groups. Six days after transfection, live cells of PLC-anti-TIP30 were 25.0*10(4), significantly more than the controls PLC-DNA3 and PLC/PRF/5. Live cells of PLC-TIP30 were 12.4*10(4), significantly less than the two control groups. Cell cycle analysis showed that PLC-anti-TIP30 proliferated faster, 22.4% cells were in G0/G1 (gap) phases and 58.6% cells in S (DNA synthesis) phase. The growth of the PLC-anti-TIP30 cell was retarded and many cells were arrested from G1 to S phases. Cells in G0/G1 and S phase were 44.2% and 33.3% respectively. Furthermore, the average time of tumor formation was shorter in anti-TIP30 group and longer in TIP30/CC3 group, and times were 6.0 d (with control groups) and 15.6 d (with control groups) respectively. Tumors in the nude mice grew faster in PLC-anti-TIP30 group and slower in PLC-TIP30 group.

CONCLUSIONTumor suppressor gene TIP30/CC3 can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and interfere in its cell cycles. It can be used as a valuable tool for hepatoma biotherapy including gene therapy.

Acetyltransferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Transcription Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo establish a model of human monocytic leukemia with CNS infiltration in BALB/c nude mice.

METHODSBALB/c nu/nu mice pre-treated by splenectomy, cytoxan intraperitoneal injection, and sublethal irradiation (SCI), were transplanted intravenously with 1 x 10(7) of human monocytic leukemic SHI-1 cells. The leukemic cells engrafted in the mice were detected by RT-PCR, histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry and FCM.

RESULTSThe survival time of SCI-nu/nu mice was 33-46 d. Paraplegia occurred in some of the mice. 5 weeks after transplantation, SHI-1 cells engrafted in SCI-nu/nu mice, multi-organs were involved and green solid neoplasms were formed in some organs. Histopathological examination found that SHI-1 cells infiltrated in liver, lung, kidney and testis of the mice and vertebral and skull bone marrow was replaced by leukemic cells. Leukemic cell penetrated through the surface of vertebrae, formed neoplasm, and entered the subdural space, but seldom involved the spinal parenchyma. In brain leukemia cells were filled in the subdural space and pia-arachnoid, covered the surface of cerebrum, cerebellum, spread along the virchow-robin space on the surface of pia mater, and eventually invaded the brain parenchyma.

CONCLUSIONSHI-1 cells could engrafted in the SCI-nu/nu mice, form an efficient and reproducible experimental model of CNSL and systematic leukemia. This model may be useful for studying the pathogenesis of CNSL.

Adult ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; Humans ; Leukemia, Experimental ; pathology ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Rats ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; methods

OBJECTIVETo prepare a specific high molecular weight polymer contrast agent capable of specifically targeting hepatocarcinoma cells (HCC) and to investigate its affinity in vitro using HepG2 cells.

METHODSThe high molecular weight polymer polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLAG)-COOH was prepared by the double emulsion technique. PLAG-COOH microbubbles were combined with glypican-3 (GPC3) antibody to generate HCC targeting high molecular polymer ultrasound contrast agents by the carbodiimide method. The affinity for HCC cells was confirmed by measuring attachment to cultured HepG2 cells by flow cytometry and comparing the results with the properties observed for non-targeted high molecular weight polymer ultrasound contrast agents.

RESULTSThe average diameter of the targeted high molecular weight polymer ultrasound contrast agents was (800+/-10) nm. In vitro targeting of HepG2 cells showed that many of the targeted high molecular weight polymer ultrasound contrast agents attached tightly to the cell surface and that the GPC3-PLGA has a particularly strong targeting ability.

CONCLUSIONA HCC-specific high molecular contrast agent, GPC3-PLGA, was synthesized and evidenced a strong targeting ability towards HepG2 cells in vitro. This new agent may be exploited to improve diagnosis of liver cancer at the molecular level.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Microbubbles ; Molecular Weight

Objective To analyze the viral genetic characteristics of hantaviruses carried by Microtus maximowixzii in Yakeshi of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and its relationship with Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Seoul virus (SEOV) viruses as well as to identify the natural host of Khabarovsk virus (KHAV).Methods HV specific RNAs were detected by RT-PCR.Complete S and M segment were amplified from the RNA-positive samples.Phylogenetic analysis were performed to estimate the genetic characterization and the relationship with other hantaviruses.Results Fifty two Microtus maximowixzii voles were captured in Yakeshi areas.Of those voles,hanta-viral RNA was tested positive in 5 samples (9.62％).Complete S and M segments sequences were obtained from 5 and 2 lung samples,respectively.The complete S segment was consisted of 1848 to 1861 bp,and the M segment consisted of 3662 bp.These viruses were closely related to each other with 92.5％-96.4％ for the S segment sequences and 88.9％-95.4％ for the M segment sequences.They shared a higher identity with KHAV found previously in Yakeshi and KHAV of Russia.However,they were obviously different from the other hantavirus species.The 5 strains had the consistent secondary structure of nucleocapsid protein (NP) and glycoprotein (GP).When further comparing their secondary structures with those of HTNV and SEOV,our results indicated that there were no obvious differences in NP between KHAV and both HNTV,SEOV but with obvious difference in GP.Based on the S and M segment sequences,phylogenetic analyses revealed that these 5 strains clustered together with KHAV and formed a distinct lineage.Furthermore,all known KHAV strains could be divided into two small branches with a nucleotide divergence more than 5.3％.Conclusion Our research data revealed that KHAV was highly endemic among Microtus maximowixzii in Yakeshi area which supported the notion that Microtus maximowixzii had been the natural host of KHAV in the area.