Objective: To investigate the hemodynamic changes of ophthalmic artery(OA) and central retinal artery(CRA) in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG) and the effects of intraocular pressure(IOP) on retrobulbar hemodynamics. Methods: Following the measurement of IOP by non-contact tonometry,hemodynamic changes of OA and CRA were examined by color Doppler imaging(CDI) in 45 patients(90 eyes) with PACG,who were divided according to IOP into a hypertension(38 eyes) and a normal tension group(52 eyes).Observations were made of the peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV),pulsatility index(PI) and resistance index(RI).Results: Significant differences were found between the PACG patients and the normal controls in CRA-EDV(P

Objective To assess the efficency and safety of non-peritoneal drain versus peritoneal drain after appendectomy of severe appendicitis. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-randomize controlled trials(QRCTs) were searched and identified from CNKI (1994 to Oct 2008) ,CBM (1978 to Oct 2008), VIP (1989 to Oct 2008), Wanfang Data (1997 to Oct 2008), MEDI.INE (1966 to Oct 2008), EMBASE (1974 to Oct 2008),The Cochrane Library (issue3, 2008) and SCI (1974 to Oct 2008), and related journals were also scanned. We evaluated the quality of the included studies by Jadad scale and analyzed the data by Cochrane Collaboration' s RevMan 5. 0. Results We included 15 randomized controlled trials or quais-randomized controlled trials (n = 2809). Meta analysis showed that there were statisticly differences between two groups on the incidence of wound infection [OR = 0.43,95%CI (0.29,0.65)], postoperative intestinal adhesion [OR = 0.26,95%CI(0. 18,0.37)]and the duration of hospital stay [WMD = - 0.38,95%CI(- 4.96, - 1.20)], but no difference was found on the incidence of abscesses [OR = 0. 77,95% CI(0. 39, 1. 51)]. Conclusions The current evidences show that contrast with peritoneal drain, the non-peritoneal drain can significantly reduce the incidence of wound infection and intestinal adhesion, and shorten the duration of hosipital stay. Before draw the conclution into clinical practice, further high-quality, large scale, double-blind randomized controlled trials are still needed.

Objective:To observe the clinic effectiveness of cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination during vitreoretinal surgery. Methods: Twenty-two patients with complex retinal detachment underwent vitrectomy,fluid-air exchange,cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination.Postoperative vitreous cavity tamponade was accomplished with silicone oil in 14 cases,perfluoropropane gas in 8 cases,8 cases combined with sclera encircling. Results: Postoperative follow-up ranged 3 months to 1 year,retinal tear or hole closed and retina reattached in 20 cases.The success rate of operation was 90.9%. Conclusion: Cryoretinopexy under light fiber illumination during vitreoretinal surgery positioning is easy and accurate and the effect is definite.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of Vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia. Methods:20 cases( 20 eyes) of retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia from Dec. 2000 to Apr. 2004 were analysed retrospectively. 3 cases were male and 17 were female, with a following up of 2 to 30 months (15 months in average). The Pars Plana Vitrectomy with long acting gas or silicon oil tamponade were used. The patients were kept face down at least 7 days after the surgery. Results:5 eyes used silicon oil and the others used gas tamponade. The successful rate of retinal reattachment was 80% ( 16/20) with one procedure in a month after the surgery . There were 4 cases of retinal redetachment in the follow-up duration, among them 3 cases used gas and one used silicon oil tamponade. All of them refused to accept another surgery. There were 3 eyes ( 15%) of the best corrected visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.05 before surgery and 11 eyes ( 55%) equal to or greater than 0.05 after the surgery. There was a significant difference between them(P= 0.0386 ). The main complications were slight retinal bleeding in 3 eyes ( 15%); second glaucoma in 2 eyes (10 %); nuclear cataract in 4 eyes ( 20%). Conclusion:Vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment with macular hole is available to improve visual acuity in high myopia.

Objective: To observe the clinical results of eyeball double perforation caused by metal foreign body treated by virectomy. Methods: By clinical examination combined with orbital CT, 12 eyes in 12 cases were diagnosed as eyeball double perforation caused by metal foreign body, all these eyes underwent vitrectomy, endocoagulation, and C_3F_8 vitreous cavity tamponade. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 months to 5 years. Results: Nine eyes’ retina remained attached. 3 eyes with retina detachment and PVR were reoperated with vitrectomy and silicon oil tamponade, and the retina reattached. Conclusion: Orbital CT is an accurate and sensitive method in diagnosing eyeball double perforation caused by metal foreign body, vitrectomy is an efficacious surgical method in the treatment of eyeball double perforation.

Objective Face-down positioning after vitrectomy and gas tamponade is still the standard position for patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.The study was to compare the nursing effects of face-down position and flexible position after vitrecto-my for the repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods We investigated 120 cases of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in this study.All patients received vitrectomy with long-acting gas for tamponade, 60 patients in face-down position and 60 in the flexible position.Patients were followed up for 6 months.Observation was made on the rates of anatomical retinal reattachment and postoperative complications between the groups. Results The rates of anatomical retinal reattachment after surgery were 88.33%in the face-down position group and 100% in the flexible position group respectively.As to the satisfaction of position, the flexible position group was 100%, which was much higher than 41.67%in face-down position group(P<0.01). Conclusion Flexible position nurs-ing after vitrectomy and gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair is safe and effective.Flexible position can replace face-down position for the comfort of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy with gas tamponade.

Objective To compare the treatment effects between improved micro-laparoscopic hernia sac high ligation and traditional hernia sac high ligation.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted.A total of 200 pediatric patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia in our hospital from 2013 to 2014,ranging in age from 8 months to 14 years,were enrolled and divided into observational group and control group (n=100) The two groups received improved-micro-laparoscopic hernia sac high ligation and traditional hernia sac high ligation respectively.We recorded intraoperative blood loss,operative incision length and operation time during the operation,and hospitalization time,pain time and total cost after the operation.Recurrence rate and complication were followed up for 6 months.Treatment effects were compared between these two groups.Results Smaller incision length,less blood loss and postoperative pain,shorter operative time and hospitalization time and lower recurrence rate were found in observational group and they were of statistical significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion Improved-micro-laparoscopic hernia sac high ligation for pediatric inguinal hernia shows better treatment effect,lower recurrence rate and better prognosis and it is an ideal approach.

BackgroundPterygium is an ocular surface disease of abnormal cell proliferative kind and angiogenesis plays an important role in its development and recurrence.Several anti-angiogenic therapies have been used to treat pterygium,but there very few studtes for the in vivo observation of the microvessles in pterygium.ObjectiveThis study was to observe angiogenesis in pterygium with a high-resolution confocal microscope in vivo and to perform immunohistochemical study in vitro.MethodsA prospective case-controlled study was designed.Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients with primary pterygia and 20 age- and sex-matched patients with inner eye diseases and strabismus with normal conjunctiva were enrolled in this study.An in vivo confocal microscopy imaging system (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph Ⅱ Rostock Cornea Module) was used to collect microvascular pictures from the anterior part of pterygia and normal nasal conjunctiva of controls,and then immunochemistry was performed to examine the expression of CD31 in microvessel in vitro.The vascular density values were compared between these two groups.The correlation of vascular density values between in vivo Heidelberg Retina Tomograph and in vitro immunohistochemistry was calculated.Written informed consent was obtained from pationts before any examination and surgery.ResultsUnder the in vivo confocal microscope,the microvessel density was (8929±2993) μm/mm2 and (4202 ±692)μm/mm2,respectively,in pterygium and the normal conjunctiva group with a statistically significant difference between them (t =6.881,P＜0.01 ).Immunochemistry revealed that the expression of CD31 to measure vascular density was ( 21.00 ± 4.06/400 × field ) and ( 6.07 ± 1.75/400 × field ) in pterygium and the normal conjunctiva group,showing significant difference (t =12.312,P＜0.01 ).Positive correlations were found in the vascular density values between in vivo corneal laser confocal microscopy examination and in vitro immunochemistry examination in both the pterygium group and normal conjunctiva group (pterygium group:r=0.649,P＜0.01 ;normal conjunctiva group: r=0.572,P＜0.01 ) ConclusionsIn vivo confocal microscopy imaging is superior to in vitro immunochemistry in evaluating the microvessel of pterygium.The results of this study offer a new way index for further investigation of the biological behavior of pterygium and its mechanism.

Abstract: Objective 　To investigate the population densities composition and seasonal change of mosquitoes, and resistance of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus several commonly used insecticides in Zigong, so as to provide a theoretical basis for guiding the scientific rational selection and use of chemical insecticides, as well as the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods　The surveillance data on mosquitoes by traps were collected from 2018 to 2020 in Zigong. The wild Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus were collected throughout the city and reared to F1 generation in lab. The resistance of adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus to these commonly insecticides was detected by contact tube method recommended. The statistical analysis on the monitoring results was used by Excel 2010. Results　The annual average mosquito densities of monitoring sites were 1.11, 10.71, and 4.81 mosquitoes/(lamp·h), respectively from 2018 to 2020. The seasonal density of mosquitoes showed a single peak curve distribution throughout the year from 2018 to 2020 in Zigong, with the highest in July. There were obvious differences in mosquito density between different habitats, with the highest density of mosquitoes in barn. The 24 h mortality of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus to beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, malathion, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, propoxur, and bendiocarb were 70.71% and 3.85%, 26.53% and 1.68%, 19.79% and 1.94%, 40.80% and 0.81%, 97.98% and 3.85%, 100.00% and 7.52%, 100.00% and 66.34%, 96.15% and 33.60%, 100.00% and 71.43%, respectively. The adult Aedes albopictus larvae in Zigong was sensitive to fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, bendiocarb, showed resistance to beta-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, and showed resistance dubiously to malathion and propoxur. The adult Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus larvae in Zigong have developed certain resistance to these commonly insecticides. Conclusion　Both Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus had high resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, which suggested that we should strengthen the patriotic hygiene campaigns, reduce pyrethroid insecticides, use alternately different types of insecticides for delay the development of resistance and better mosquito prevention and control.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) on central facial nerve paralysis after ischemic stroke, and explore dose-effect relationship among different stimulation intensities of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) as well as its optimal treatment plan.

METHODSAccording to different acupuncture stimulation intensities which were based on treatment time and needle insertion direction, fifty patients were randomly divided into a Hegu 1 group, a Hegu 2 group, a Hegu 3 group, a Hegu 4 group and a control group, ten cases in each one. Different stimulation intensities of acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) combined with facial paralysis acupoints, including Yingxiang (LI 20), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6) and Quanliao (SI 18), were applied in Hegu 1 to 4 groups; meanwhile acupuncture at stroke acupoints, including Neiguan (PC 6), Shuigou (GV 26) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and medication treatment were adopted. Except acupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), the treatment of the control group was identical as Hegu groups. The treatment duration lasted for 14 days. The House-Brackmann facial never grading systems (H-B), Toronto facial grading system (TFGS), degrees of facial never paralysis (DFNP), facial disability index (FDI) and clinical efficacy were compared among groups.

RESULTS(1) Compared before the treatment, H-B, TFGS, DFNP and physical function score in FDI were all improved significantly in the Hegu 1 to 4 groups (all P < 0.05), but social function score in FDI was not obviously improved (all P > 0.05); all the scores in the control group were not evidently changed (all P > 0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, differences of H-B before and after treatment in the Hegu 1 to 4 groups, differences of TFGS in the Hegu 2 group and differences of DFNP in the Hegu 1 and Hegu 2 group were significantly improved (all P < 0.05). The differences of any scale among Hegu 1 to 4 groups were not significant (all P > 0.05), in which the most evident change was found in Hegu 2 group. (3) The total effective rate was 90.0% (9/10), 100.0% (10/10), 90.0% (9/10) and 80.0% (8/10) in Hegu 1 to 4 groups, which were significantly higher than 60.0% (6/10) in the control group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Hegu (LI 4) has affirmative clinical efficacy on central facial nerve paralysis after ischemic stroke, in which oblique insertion along the opposite direction of meridian for 5 s of twirling manipulation has the best clinical effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; complications