Background: In Mongolia, 80.1% of women of reproductive age suffer from vitamin D deficiency. This deficiency is associated with an increased risk of rickets, osteomalacia, weakened immunity, hypertension, diabetes, and infectious diseases.Currently, Mongolia imports vitamin D-containing pharmaceutical products, and no research has been conducted on the pharmaceutical formulation technology of orally administered vitamin D3 products. Vitamin D3 is highly sensitive to environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) light, oxidation, and temperature changes, leading to its degradation. Therefore, improving its stability in pharmaceutical formulations is essential. The need for a stable vitamin D3-containing pharmaceutical product serves as the basis for this study. Aim: To develop a tablet formulation containing cholecalciferol. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in collaboration with the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology at the School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, and the drug development laboratory of “Monos Pharm” LLC. To enhance the stability and technological properties of cholecalciferol, a spray-drying technique was used to prepare five different emulsions containing various excipients. Microencapsulation was performed to improve stability, and the most suitable formulation and technological parameters were selected. From the microencapsulated cholecalciferol, tablet formulations were developed using both direct compression and wet granulation techniques. The quality parameters of the tablets were assessed according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), and the optimal technological process for tablet production was determined. Results: A stable microencapsulated cholecalciferol formulation was successfully developed, and suitable excipients were selected. The quantitative content of cholecalciferol was determined to be 1791 IU, with variations ranging from -8.38% to -11.38%. Conclusion The study identified appropriate excipients and technological parameters for obtaining microencapsulated cholecalciferol. Additionally, the optimal formulation and processing parameters for developing a tablet dosage form containing microencapsulated cholecalciferol were established.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data from 2022, 19.9 million people were diagnosed with cancer globally, and 9.7 million people died from the disease. In recent years, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been rapidly increasing, ranking 4th among all cancers with 18.4 cases and 8.1 deaths per 100,000 population. In Mongolia, 826 new cases of CRC have been registered over the past six years, with an incidence rate of 8.2 cases and a mortality rate of 5.03 per 100,000 population. It is projected that by 2030, the incidence will reach 13.28 cases and the mortality rate will rise to 8.72 per 100,000 population. We aimed to comprehensively examine the risk factors for colorectal cancer among the population of Mongolia, establish a scientific basis for early detection and prevention, and strengthen preventive measures. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted from 2022 to 2024. The study enrolled a total of 305 subjects, including 98 patients with colorectal cancer, 101 patients with colon polyps, and 106 healthy subjects. The risk. questionnaire consisted of 50 questions divided into 10 sections. All statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 23.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. categorical data was represented as numbers and percentages. Pearson’s chi-squared and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the risk factor associated with recurrence. The study protocol was approved by Ethics Review Committee of Ministry of Health of Mongolia on 17 March 2023 (approval number: 23/012). Results: The average age of the participants was 57.1±12.8 years. Among all study participants, 37.6% (115) were male and 62.4% (188) were female. Comparison of colorectal cancer incidence by age and gender revealed no statistically significant differences (p=0.021; p=0.422). Regular physical exercise was found to have a protective effect against colorectal cancer (p=0.076; OR 0.341 95% Cl 0.118-.0986). The frequency of fruit consumption, 4 to 6 times per week (p=0.008, OR 0.08, 95% Cl 0.01-0.45), frequency of vegetable consumption 4 to 6 times per week (p<0.00; OR 0.07, 95% Cl 0.02-0.19), no dining out (0.007, OR 0.3, 95% Cl 0.18-0.68), and meat consumption (p=0.001) are decreased risk of colorectal cancer. Conclusion The patient's age and the presence of colon polyps are risk factors for colorectal cancer, while regular physical activity and a diet rich in fruits and vegetables are protective factors that help reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.